Thursday, 28 September 2023

EF45 Class 18 Adverb clauses, “National Day for Truth and Reconciliation”

 

English Foundations 4/5

 

This is the fourth week of class already. Time flies!

Reg for Q2- one-on-one meetings in a couple of weeks

Mark on that day – snaphot

 

Today’s agenda

·      Begin complex sentences- adverb clauses

·      Continue “National Day for Truth and Reconcilation”

·      Review paragraph format and structure

 

Friday

·      First Nations lecture

·      Continue complex sentences- adverb clauses

Quiz Wednesday

·      Listening- song lyrics

·      Test#2- paragraph on basic topic (last 55m)

 

Monday- No school

National Day for Truth and Reconciliation

 

Tuesday

·      Continue adverb clauses

Choose vocab for the quiz

·      Continue review of verb tenses- simple future

 

Wednesday

·      Quiz#3- adverb clauses

 

 

So far these are the sentence types that we have been learning:

 

*SIMPLE SENTENCES

SV   SSV   SVV  Imperative   Interrogative

It is raining today.

 

*COMPOUND

, FANBOYS – not the most useful way to look at it

, SOBA   , so   , or   , but   , and    – more useful in my opinion, 90% of the time

SV, SOBA SV.

Marin is tired, so she wants to have a nap.

SV, so SV.

SV, or SV.

SV, but SV.

SV, and SV.

 

*COMPLEX

-adverb clause- this week

-noun clause- next week

-adjective clause – begin next week

 

 

** Adverb clauses***

adverb modifies a verb, usually a ‘ly’ word

She sings beautifully. ‘beautifully’ talking about the verb ‘sings’

She has a beautiful voice. adjective

 

 

-adverb – describes a verb, describes an action

beautifully She sings beautifully.

-adjective, describes a noun- person, place, thing or idea

beautiful Her smile is beautiful.

The little kid is sad because she lost her stuffed bear. sad-kid  adjective

The little kid is walking sadly because she lost her stuffed bear. sad-walk adverb

 

The math is hard. adj

He is working hard. adv

hardly adv almost not at all, not much

He is hardly working. adv

 

working hard / hardly working – opposite

 

She is a hardworking person. adj

He is a lazy person. adj

 

My windshield wipers hardly do anything.

 

 

She smiles beautifully. adv

He smiled nervously. adv

Her smile is beautiful. adj

His smile was nervous. adj

nervously

quickly

slowly

He walks slowly.

carefully- You drive your car carefully.

He does his work seriously.

She did the math homework correctly.

 

good - irregular goodly well  She speaks English very well.

good (adj) The cookies look good.

well (adv) He bakes really well. He is a good baker.

Her English is good. adj

She speaks English well. adverb

She is a good speaker. adjective good  describes ‘speaker’, noun, not the verb

 

The grandmother patiently teaches her grandson how to tie his shoes.

angrily? quickly? patiently? carefully?

 

I am learning English slowly but surely.

IDIOM slowly but surely –

IDIOM Better late than never.

 

 

**expand the idea of adverbs into adverb clauses – S+V

- adverb clause- subject + verb SV

 

THREE MOST COMMON WORDS FOR ADVERB CLAUSES:

because   if   when

 

Most of the time, we use these three words. – high frequency, used often , all day long, every day

 

OTHER WORDS THAT MIGHT NOT BE AS FAMILIAR

since

unless

even though

until

after/before

 

RIGHT NOW, LET’S FOCUS ON:      because   if   when

 

EF6 - teach about 25

*TRUTH- BIG SMALL SECRET: You only need about 8-10

 

Let’s focus on these three to begin with: because   if   when

 

**because- give a reason why

I was three minutes late today because there was a lot of traffic. adv cl

She is tired today because she had insomnia last night. adv cl

insomnia = couldn’t sleep

She is tired today because she couldn’t sleep last night. adv cl

He eats ice cream because it is delicious.

 

She is tired today because she had insomnia last night.

 

I had insomnia because I was worried about my sister.

IDIOM tossing and turning   I was tossing and turning all night.

 

She is tired today because she had insomnia last night. adverb clause

She is tired today because she couldn’t sleep last night. adverb clause

I had insomnia because I was thinking about my sister. adverb clause

 

I am happy because my son is visiting us.

She is upset because her teacher gave them too much homework.

She is upset because of the bad news. SIMPLE

She is upset because SV bad news.

She is upset because she got some bad news. COMPLEX SENT- ADVERB CLAUSE

I am happy/upset/tired/worried because...

Food prices are going up because ...

The little boy is crying because...

 

NEXT LEVEL- Comma usage with adverb clauses

A She is tired today because she couldn’t sleep last night. no comma

B Because she couldn’t sleep last night, she is tired today. comma

 

I am happy because my son is visiting us. no comma

Because my son is visiting us, I am happy. comma

 

She is upset because her teacher gave them too much homework.  no comma

Because her teacher gave them too much homework, she is upset. comma

 

Doris brought her umbrella because it is raining. no comma

Because it is raining, Doris brought her umbrella. comma

 

Same meaning, different styles

 

Commas with adverbs clauses- You will see different styles from different writers. I am teaching you some simple firm rules to follow. As you become stronger writers, you can choose your own comma usage.

Like driving lessons – 10&2 on the steering wheel

 

Some teacher say ‘Never start a sentence with ‘because’. This is not really true.

You can if you want. Remember the comma.

e.g.

Maris is wearing a sweater because it is chilly today.

Because it is chilly today, Maris is wearing a sweater.

 

SEVERAL WAYS TO GIVE THE SAME INFORMATION

Maris is wearing a sweater. It is chilly today. SIMPLES

Maris is wearing a sweater because it is chilly today. COMPLEX- ADVERB CLAUSE

Because it is chilly today, Maris is wearing a sweater. COMPLEX- ADV CL

It is chilly today, so Maris is wearing a sweater. COMPOUND

HIGHER LEVEL EF6 It is chilly today; therefore, Maris is wearing a sweater.

 

If you can learn this, you can do anything in English.

Our goals! We want to be able to write in all of these styles.

 

More examples:

1.    Joe bought new dress shoes because he has a job interview.

Because Joe has a job interview, he bought new dress shoes.

*Use the name first, then the pronoun.

Janet called her sister.

2.    Sam is quite nervous because she has her first presentation today.

Because she Sam has her first presentation today, Sam she is quite nervous.

3.    Sam is really good at typing because he always types at work.

Because he Sam always types at work, Sam he is really good at typing it.

 

Good for EF34567, English 10,11,12, college, university.

If you can master these sentence styles, you will be good to go.

IDIOM good to go- ready, ready for anything

 

 

because & so  - closely related, different usage

Mei is hungry because she skipped breakfast. COMPLEX-adverb cl

Mei skipped breakfast, so she is hungry. COMPOUND

 

because/so – similar meaning, different usage

It’s up to you which way you want to write it. Both are excellent.

 

Joe was hungry, so he ate a sandwich. COMPOUND

Joe ate a sandwich because he was hungry. COMPLEX

Same meaning, different sentence styles

 

 

**if- maybe yes, maybe no, undecided

 

Sarah will go for a walk if the rain stops.

If the rain stops, Sarah will go for a walk.

Sarah will go for a walk if it stops raining.

 

Junko will wear a skirt if it is not raining.

If it is not raining, Junko will wear a skirt.

If it is raining, she will wear pants and rainboots.

SLANG puddle jumpers - rainboots, rubber boots

 

We will go to the party if we’re free.

If we’re free, we’ll go to the party.

 

Her son will go play soccer if it is not too windy.

If it is not too windy, her son will go play soccer.

 

EXPRESSION IN ENGLISH – If my grandmother had wheels, she would be a wagon.

 

VERB FORM- go V

go play- play

Let’s go play soccer. – leave here and do something in another place

Go do your homework.

 

I am going to go fold the laundry.

She likes to go dancing. Where is she going? nightclub, studio, party, rave

We will write a test. Then we will go have lunch.

 

 

**when- time

Call me when you get home.

She will go shopping when she is free.

The little kid has a nap when he is tired.

He can go to sleep when he gets home.

 

 

STEP 1  because if when

Let’s take out a piece of paper. Write a few sentences using the words ‘because’, ‘if’, and ‘when’.

 

Tomorrow, we wil learn some more of them:

time-                     after, before, since, until, when, whenever,

while

condition -          if, unless, even if

manner-               though/although/even though

cause-                   because, since

purpose-              in order to

 

* after, before- time

The kids did their homework after dinner. SIMPLE

The kids did their homework after SV dinner. COMPLEX- ADV CL

The kids did their homework after they finished/ate/had their dinner. COMPLEX- ADV CL

Maris went for a walk before school. SIMPLE

Maris went for a walk before she went to school. COMPLEX- ADV CL

 

*since – two meanings – reason ‘because’, time

since – reason

Maria has two dogs and two cats because/since she loves animals.

Since Maria loves animals so much, she has two dogs and two cats.

 

since- time

COMPLEX- ADV CL

Dora has played soccer since she was 10. COMPLEX- ADV CL

 

** GOOD POINT Present perfect verb tense goes well with ‘since’.

Mei has been very busy since she started classes at South Hill.  TIME

She has been happy since she got a new job.

 

present perfect verb tense– useful verb tense-  started in the past, goes until now

Jaswinder has lived in Vancouver since 1996. SIMPLE

Chrissy has been doing yoga since she was a teenager. persent perfect progressive

 

CONTINUE TOMORROW

 

 

 

“National Day for Truth and Reconciliation”

 

true(adj)/ truth(n)

 

truce  ‘th’

trufe

 

SAYING History repeats itself.

 

Phyllis- woman’s name

Philip / Phil- man’s name

 

mistreatment- being treated badly

The man mistreated his dog.

deal / dealing- manage(v)

It’s hard to deal with school, work, and kids.

 

She is dealing with the memories of her sad childhood.

get a deal- buy something, get a good price

He got a deal of his new phone. It was 20% off.

make a deal – come to an agreement

That’s a great deal!

 

establish- begin something like a school or a business

“EST 2005”

 

 

 

Tomorrow- Test#2

paragraph – at least 150 words

-doublespace

-pen

-lined, ruled paper

 

Grabber (optional)

Topic sentence

Supporting sentences

Concluding sentence

 

Topic: something about your goals that you set for yourself this week

“Goalsetting”

I’ll give you the exact topic tomorrow.

 

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