Thursday, 9 July 2026

EF710 Summer Day 4

 

Summer English Foundations 7/Composition and Literary Studies 10

 

Good morning, everyone.

 

Today’s Agenda

·      Attendance

·      Distribute and talk about Prescribed Learning Outcomes (PLOs)

·      Continue compound sentences

Prepare for Quiz 1

Explain the structure of the quizzes

Choose vocabulary

·      “Choosing a Phone Plan”

·      Begin “Literary Terms”

 

 Friday Agenda

·      Attendance

·      Quiz 1 (20m) Beginning of class

·      “Learning Reflection and Goal-Setting” Week 1

·      Vocab exercises

·      Talk about plagiarism, academic honesty

·      Begin “Literary Terms”

·      Begin “I Confess” module

·      Begin paragraph structure

·      Begin next kind of sentence- complex sentences- adverb clauses

 

Monday

·      Continue adverb clauses

·      Continue paragraph work

 

NEXT WEEK

Test 1 - paragraph

Verb tenses 

 

 

 

 

**

Ministry of Education in BC

from www.bced.gov.bc.ca

 

EF7/Composition 10/Literary Studies 10- same courses

 

PLOs “Prescribed Learning Outcomes”

 

Every Foundations course has PLOs.

 

-guidelines for what the teacher has to teach

-areas of focus

-areas to explore in the course

-basis for evaluation

-standards for marking

 

 

 

Explore vocabulary

 

Prescribed Learning Outcomes

 

-prescribed(adj)- like an order, mandatory, not an option

-prescription(noun) The doctor wrote me a prescription.

SLANG script-

IDIOM An apple a day, keeps the doctor away.

JOKE A garlic a day, keeps everyone away.

 

 

A doctor prescribes(v) some medicine. – need to take, tells you

 

Some teachers teach prescriptive grammar. –hard grammar rules

who/whom

past perfect verb tense

double-negative rule

 

Some teachers teach descriptive grammar. –soft grammar guidelines

-focus on authentic usage

 

IDIOM never ever – definitely not, strong   I have never ever drunk alcohol.

Never never ever give your real name on the internet.

 

 

 

-learning(verb,adj,noun) – synonyms- knowledge(n), study(v), understanding(n), discover(v), research, educating, developing, growing, getting better, explore, improve, comprehension

 

-outcome(n)- result, find, discovery, as a result, finish, end, conclude, completed, complete, therefore, final, sum up, at the end, what you got, aftermath, summation, summative 

 

Prescribed Learning Outcomes (PLOs) – the things that we should be able to do by the end of the course.

 

Setting goals- plan, target, aim, trajectory, path, vision, purpose, dream, destination, ambition, project, aspiration(n), aspire(v)

“I want/aspire to be an immigration lawyer.”

“My aspiration is to run my own business.”

“My plan/aspiration/ambition is to be an interior designer.”

inspire  XX  aspire

 

Stretch your comfort zone.

IDIOM your comfort zone – just doing what does not challenge you, used to it already, comfortable, no risk, no pressure

 

The PLOs will encourage us to grow.

 

IDIOM our comfort zone – no pressure, feel comfortable, feel confident

 

take risks in order to grow

challenge ourselves

 

Do you challenge yourself?

-learning a new/ different/ additional language

-make more money

-talking with kids

-communicate with other people

-immigrating/emigrating

VOCAB immigrate- come into a country permently    emigrate-leave a country permanently

She emigrated from China. She immigrated to Canada.

immigrate(v) immigration(n) immigrant(n, person)

 

-getting PR

 

Levels of mastery: EMERGING   DEVELOPING   PROFICIENT   EXTENDING

 

 

 

 

Going outside our comfort zone is challenging, frightening, destabilizing, stressful, etc.

On the other hand, this is where growth comes from.

-personal growth, professional growth, confidence, mastery, become expert, gain expertise

 

professional – get paid

semi-professional –

amateur- no money

I am a serious amateur musician.

 

 

-explore, grow

 

MY MOTTO: I have to say ‘yes’ to new good experiences, especially for music.

motto- special words you can tell yourself

 

 

The PLOS are opportunities for growth.

 

 

Our PLOS- goals for the course.

HOMEWORK Looked over for homework

 

A.ORAL LANGUAGE

B.READING AND VIEWING

C.WRITING AND REPRESENTING

D.EVIDENCE OF THINKING

 

My focus for marking:

ORAL- talking

A1 – engage with others in sustained conversation

-contribute ideas and support the ideas of others

-analyze diverse points of view

A2- demonstrate an understanding of detailed information communicated through a variety of spoken sources

 

Spoken mark 1 x/10

Spoken mark 2 x/15

 

 

 

WRITING – sentences, paragraphs, essay

C1- enhance meaning by using conventions, forms, and structures of writing and representing according to purpose

-grammar and usage

-punctuation, capitalization, and Canadian spelling

.   ,   ;   ?         :   -

 

!- rarely used in school writing

hyphen -    She has a three-year-old baby.

                     He took a three-hour flight to Toronto.

                     It was April 27th.

 

dash –   casual semicolon

She likes Vancouver; the parks are great for her kids.

She likes Vancouver- the parks are great for her kids.

 

C3- variety of descriptive, narrative, and expository essays/paragraphs      

process, compare/contrast

 

C5- generate, develop, and organize ideas for writing

          setting the topic

          limiting the topic

          brainstorming ideas

          organizing ideas

 

These are the main PLOs that I will be focusing on for teaching and marking.

 

Which of the PLOs are you good at already?

Which ones do you want to get better at?

 

 

**

Continue with compound sentences

 

REVIEW

SOBA so   or   but   and

for nor yet- rarely used

 

SV, SOBA SV.

SV, and SV.

It is mostly cloudy today, and it might rain later.

 

SV, but SV.

Mei loves Chinese tea, but her friend prefers decaf lattes.

 

SV, so SV.

Jun worked late last night, so she is groggy today.

VOCAB can’t sleep regularly- insomnia

You should count sheep if you can’t get to sleep.

He is out like a light.

 

SV, or SV.

You can save your money to buy a house, or you can invest in stocks.

I will bring cookies to the party, or you can do it.

 

 

AVOID:

She likes skiing, and I like snowboarding, so we go to Cypress Mountain in the winter.

SV, and SV, so SV. XXX Not great style.

 

She likes skiing, and I like snowboarding. Therefore, we go to Cypress Mountain in the winter.

 

SV, SOBA SV. Clear?

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

**LEVEL 2 of compound sentences   

; semicolon

She likes skiing, and I like snowboarding.

She likes skiing, and ; I like snowboarding.

She likes skiing; I like snowboarding.

 

Mei loves Chinese tea, but her friend prefers decaf lattes.

Mei loves Chinese tea, but ; her friend prefers decaf lattes.

Mei loves Chinese tea; her friend prefers decaf lattes.

 

Jun worked late last night, so she is groggy today.

Jun worked late last night, so ; she is groggy today.

Jun worked late last night; she is groggy today.

 

What is the difference?

Jun worked late last night; she is groggy today.

Jun worked late last night. She is groggy today.

Your choice. The semicolon glues them together more.

 

**Level 3 of compound sentences

; semicolon

1 She likes skiing, and I like snowboarding.

2 She likes skiing; I like snowboarding.

3 TRANSITIONAL TERM She likes skiing; I like snowboarding.

She likes skiing; also, I like snowboarding.

She likes skiing; however, I like snowboarding.

 

GRAMMAR

SV; TRANS, SV.

 

PUNCTUATION 

; TRANS,

, SOBA

 

**

Options so far that we can choose.

 

SIMPLE

He called his sister. She wasn’t home.

He called his sister. Unfortunately, she wasn’t home.

 

COMPOUND

He called his sister, but she wasn’t home.

He called his sister; she wasn’t home.

He called his sister; unfortunately, she wasn’t home.

 

Mei loves Chinese tea, but her friend prefers decaf lattes.

Mei loves Chinese tea; her friend prefers decaf lattes.

 

Jun worked late last night, so she is groggy today.

Jun worked late last night; she is groggy today.

 

 

GRAMMAR TERM

transitional terms – adverbial conjunctions

Thousands of them-

He wanted a puppy for Xmas; sadly, he didn’t get one.

She had a great job interview; happily, she got an offer.

I misplaced my phone; fortunately, I found it again.

She gets 100% on all of her tests; clearly, she is a conscientious student.

VOCAB conscientious(adj) – hardworking and organized

doggedly(adv)- relentlessly pursuing a goal, never quitting

dogged(adj)

 

Canada got into the FIFA World Cup; amazingly, they won some games.

 

He has pain in his arm and shortness of breath; definitely,

he should get to Emergency.

 

Jun was driving home on Highway 1; suddenly, a deer ran in front of her.

VOCAB one deer, two deer, one fish, two fish, one sheep, a thousand sheep

one camel, two camels, one horse, two horses, cows, dogs, cats, mouse/mice, sharks, two moose, two elk, two salmon, two bulls,

goose/geese,

We watched Canada Geese flying overhead.

Crows will swoop at you.

American Eagle, the Bald Eagle

You can see eagles in Brackendale in the fall.

Brackendale Eagles Provincial Park

 

birds of prey (hunting birds) – eagle, falcon, hawk, owl

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Let’s choose some vocabulary for the quiz tomorrow.

We will choose ten compound sentence words.


1. so

2. or

3. but

4. and

5. however

6. therefore

7. instead

8. also

9. on the other hand

10. as a result   


 

We will choose ten vocabulary words.


1. consider(v)

2. public(adj,n)

3. experienced(adj)

4. promise(v,n)

5. strange(adj)

6. prepare(v)

7. immediately(adv)

8. tense(adj)

9. children(n)

10. hope(v,n)


 

I will mix and match six of each.

 

EXAMPLE QUIZ

Write a compound sentence for each.

1.    however promise

I made her a promise; however, I broke my promise.

He promised to come to her party; however, he couldn’t in the end.

 

2.    therefore strange

There was a strange man staring at me on the bus; therefore, I changed seats.

There was a strange man staring at me on the bus; therefore, I got off the bus a few stops early.

 

3

4

5

6

 

 

 

 

 

immediately

There was a strange man staring at me on the bus; immediately, I got off.

There was a strange man staring at me on the bus; therefore, I got off immediately. MORE NATURAL-SOUNDING

 

He won the lottery; therefore, he quit his job immediately.

the lottery, the 6/49

 

*Ten-minute break*

 

 

** Dialogues**

“Choosing a Phone Plan”

Let’s get into some small chat groups of 5-6 people.

Speak English.

Talk about Warm-Up Questions and Vocabulary Preview

Later, we will practice and perform the dialogues.

 

Vocabulary Preview

1.    prepaid(adj)

downpayment(n)- deposit

She put a deposit on her new dress.

damage deposit- renting

 

He put a suit on layaway.

He paid up front for his new driveway.

We pay as we go.

They like to pay cash.

He put it on credit card. He put in on plastic.

You pay cash. He puts everything on his card.

He tapped.

Cash is king!

under the table- tax evasion

CRA uses IA to do means checks on people and businesses.

Canada Revenue Agency- tax department in Canadian government

 

2.fixed-

The restaurant has a fixed menu.

Their mortgage has a fixed rate.

Her mortgage has a floating rate.

mortgage- loan for a house

car loan

She got her dog fixed. neutered

 

She has a fixed income. She has a small income. She is on a tight budget.

 

3.discount- 30% off, 2 for 1, buy one, get one free

4.commitment   She has a commitment to her friends. She is a true-blue friend.

career(n)- longterm job

 

5.consider(v) consideration(n)

I will mull it over.

 

6.stream video – not downloaded

stream(n)- very small river

Tears were streaming down her face.

 

7.browse(v)-  window shopping, shopping

The most popular web browsers are Chrome and Safari.

 

8.

Wednesday, 8 July 2026

Summer EF710 Day 3

 

Summer English Foundations 7/ Composition and Literary Studies 10 Period 1, Class 1

 

Good morning, everyone.

 

Today’s Agenda

·      Attendance

·         Continue simple sentences

·         Begin compound sentences

Quiz1 on Friday

·         Distribute “Literary Terms” and “I Confess”

·         HW Read and make notes “I Confess”. We will work on this

Friday

 

“I Confess” short story

Read the story at least twice.

First time- setting, plot, character, conflict

Second time- deeper meaning – symbols, theme

Struggle with the vocabulary.

Struggle with the sentences.

Struggle with the phrasing.

ChatGBT-

 

Though Questions

1.setting

2.narrator

3.foreshadowing

 

 

Thursday Agenda

·      Talk about plagiarism, academic honesty

·      Continue compound sentences

Prepare for Quiz 1

Explain the structure of the quizzes

Choose vocabulary

·      Begin “Literary Terms”

 

 Friday Agenda

·      Quiz 1

·      Vocab exercises

·      Begin “I Confess” module

·      Begin paragraph structure

·      Begin next kind of sentence- complex sentences- adverb clauses

 

Monday

·      Continue adverb clauses

·      Continue paragraph work

 

NEXT WEEK

Test 1 - paragraph

Verb tenses 

 

 

 **

Continue simple sentences

 

1.                         The entrepreneur and her investors will launch a new tech startup next month.

She invests in stocks and RRSPs.

He invests time in his children.

 

2.                         Vancouver and Burnaby have sustainable recycling programs. SSV

unsustainable- cannot continue forever, indefinitely

long-lasting- not forever

long-lasting   - hyphen

 

3.                         The researcher and his lab assistants have discovered groundbreaking medical treatments.

VOCAB groundbreaking(adj)- important, new

The iphone was a groundbreaking device/piece of technology.

 

 

 

 

 

 

4.                         The biologists study ecosystems in remote locations. SV

VOCAB biologist- study biology

SUFFIX ist – type of person

economist, communist, socialist, capitalist

communism- political structure

VOCAB remote(adj)- far away, not close, not in the office

She works remotely.

remote control

 

5.                         Historians preserve ancient artifacts. SV

VOCAB artifact(n)- something left over from ancient history

There are artifacts from Ancient Egypt in the museum.

 

6.                         The diplomats will negotiate a peace agreement between the two warring countries. SV

VOCAB diplomat- like an ambassador, represents a country

negotiate(V)- talk in order to find a solution to a problem

warring(adj)- at war

 

7.                         The architect and the engineer design futuristic-looking laneway homes.

VOCAB futuristic-looking(adj)- looks like the future, sci-fi(science fiction)

old-fashioned-looking

traditional-looking

retro- from the past

She likes retro clothing.

Wide-legs are back in style!

 

 

8.                         Economists and market analysts predict global market trends. SSV

VOCAB analyze(v)- examine in detail, look very closely

VOCAB trend(n,v) – popular right now

The video is trending.

 

 

**

“Simple Sentence Exercises”

This will help to prepare for our Quiz1 on Friday.

Choose some of them.

1.    SV run morning

She runs 1 km every morning.

She ran 1 km yesterday morning.

 

2.    Sarah and Shira enjoy playing soccer.

enjoy + GERUND ‘ing’ noun

I enjoy watching movies.

 

like + GERUND or INFINITIVE

They like hiking. GERUND

They like to hike. INFINITIVE

Both the teacher and the students enjoy the class. SSV

Both the teacher and the students enjoy the class and have fun. SSVV

 

VERB TENSE

Both the teacher and the students enjoy the class. simple present- all the time, usually, habit

 

Both the teacher and the students are enjoying the class. present progressive- right now SSV

 

You enjoy the rights of having a Canadian passport.

 

 

 

 

 

10.Read the book before going to the/your bed.

I am going to bed.

 

ALTERNATIVE

Read the book before you go to bed.

 

I took a nap on the bed.

I slept in the bed.

 

She took a nap on/in the couch.

She lost her phone in the couch.

 

8.Sarah and Michelle designed and painted their apartment. SSVV

 

Sarah and her sister-in-law always fight about whether they should paint or draw. COMPLEX SENTENCE-next week

 

7. Ebrahim with his sister and brother attended the concert. SV

Ebrahim attended the concert with his sister and brother. SV

 

Ebrahim, his sister, and his brother attended the concert. SSSV

Ebrahim, his sister and his brother attended the concert. SSSV

The Oxford Comma- up to you, your choice

 

We went for lunch with Ebrahim, his sister, and his brother.

We went for lunch with Ebrahim, his sister and his brother.

Who paid?

 

My teacher, Allan, is very old. appositive

Her sister, Karen, has two Golden Retrievers.

 

IDIOM You can’t teach an old dog new tricks.

Older people find it hard to learn new things.

stubborn

 

18. SSVV My sister and I go to the pool and swim every week.

 

9.The/Our children eagerly run across the spacious park, play hide-and-seek, and eating eat their nutritious snacks.

 

The children were running in the park, were playing hide-and-seek, and were eating snacks.

The children were running in the park, playing hide-and-seek, and eating snacks.

 

The children will come home and do their homework.

 

19. Where did your aunt get her flowers?

Does your aunt like flowers?

Does your aunt like the flowers?

Does your aunt like the flowers that she got? COMPLEX SENT- adjective clause

Did your aunt buy these ugly flowers for you?

 

12. Walk the dog. Take the dog for a walk.

 

10.Make a habit to read a book at bedtime.

Go to bed and read your book.

 

20.The students read, analyze, and summarize the material for the test.

VOCAB material(n) – the things you learn in class

All of the students came to school, lined up, and waited for the oral test.

 

13. Why didn’t you practice piano yesterday?

Why you didn’t play soccer yesterday? XXX

Why didn’t you play soccer yesterday?

 

 

 

I wonder why you didn’t practice piano yesterday. COMPLEX SENT- noun clause- two weeks

 

musical instrument- piano, flute, guitar

 

She practices (the) piano every day.

I play guitar. MORE AUTHENTIC-SOUNDING

I play the guitar.

 

She plays drums and piano.

 

 

 

Three types of sentences: SIMPLE   COMPOUND   COMPLEX

4th kind- mix COMPOUND COMPLEX

 

Sentence types:

SIMPLE SENTENCES –  SV   SSV   SVV   SSVV   SSSV   SVVV   Imperative   Interrogative

 

Next kind of sentence:

COMPOUND SENTENCES

 

Most teachers teach FANBOYS

Seven (7) coordinating conjunctions in English

FANBOYS - for and nor but or yet so

e.g. Mei brought her umbrella, for it is raining.

 

Some of these are used often- low-frequency words for compound sentences

 

HIGH-FREQUENCY WORDS very often used

LOW-FREQUENCY WORDS rarely used

 

FANBOYS for and nor but or yet so

 

HIGH-FREQUENCY SOBA so or but and

 

 

EXAMPLES OF for, nor, yet- low-frequency, grammar book

*for

Maria brought an umbrella today, for it is raining.

-low-frequency usage, grammar-book style of English

AUTHENTIC

Maria brought an umbrella today because it is raining. COMPLEX SENT

high-frequency usage-

 

 

 

‘for’ preposition phrases- high frequency

for example

She got some coffee for you.

He brought a cake for the birthday party.

Thanks for your help.

 

SV, for SV. low frequency

She got you a present, for it is your birthday. Unusual, grammar-book,

not authentic English

She got you a present because it is your birthday. authentic

 

She got a present for you.

VOCAB authentic – real, not fake, the real deal

I bought you a coffee. I bought a coffee for you.

 

I stayed at home, for I was feeling sick. XXX

AUTHENTIC, REAL ENGLISH I stayed at home because I was feeling sick.

 

FANBOYS for and nor but or yet so

 

*nor

either or   neither nor low-frequency

Neither Maria nor Sarah is going to the theatre. grammar-book

 

AUTHENTIC

They aren’t going to the theatre. authentic

Neither of them is/are going to the theatre. authentic

Maria isn’t going. Neither is Sarah.

 

Me neither. CASUAL- negative  

PRONUNCIATION knee-thur   nie-thur

ee-thur   eye-thur

 

Me either.

Me too. CASUAL- positive   So do I.

 

I don’t like coffee. Neither do I. Me neither.

 

I bought neither a pen nor a pencil. grammar-book

I didn’t buy (either) a pen or a pencil. authentic

 

compound sentence with ‘nor’

We didn’t go to the museum, nor did we go to the art gallery. grammar-book English

AUTHENTIC

We didn’t go to the museum or the art gallery. SIMPLE SENT

 

I am looking for students who are speaking (either) English or their mother tongue.

 

She is going to get (either) an ice cream or an iced coffee.

 

 

FANBOYS for and nor but or yet so

*yet

SIMPLE SENTENCES- yet

Not, yet.

I didn’t have my supper/dinner, yet.

He didn’t finish his homework, yet. SIMPLE SENT

I don’t know yet.

I didn’t buy it yet. I’m waiting for a sale.

CONTRACTION I am – I’m   ‘ apostrophe

 

 

 

 

‘yet’ for compound sentences

It is a sunny day, yet it is chilly. low-frequency, grammar book

AUTHENTIC

It is a sunny day, but it is chilly.

It is a sunny day; however, it is chilly.

 

 

VOCAB She has a chilly personality. She is not overly friendly.

He was a bit cold when I first met him, but then he warmed up.

 

Use ‘but’ ‘however’ instead of ‘yet’.

 

VOCAB pathologist- a doctor who figures why somebody died

dark humour-

 

It is a sunny day. However, it is chilly. 2 SIMPLE SENT

It is a sunny day; however, it is chilly. 1 COMPOUND SENT

 

FANBOYS for and nor but or yet so

SOBA- so or but and

These are the high-frequency coordinating conjunctions: SOBA

 

Soba are Japanese buckwheat noodles.

 

Italian explorer- Marco Polo went to China.

Chinese noodles- Italian spaghetti?

rice noodles, semolina noodles

Japan – buckwheat noodles

 

We will focus on:  , so   , or   , but   , and

 

 

EXAMPLES of SOBA   , so   , or   , but   , and

 

*, so- give a reason, result, cause and effect

My friend was sick. I went to visit her. 2 SIMPLES

My friend was sick, so I went to visit her. 1 COMPOUND

 

I went to visit her, so my friend was sick. XXX

cause and effect XXX

FIX

My friend was sick, so I went to visit her.

I went to visit my friend because she was sick. COMPLEX

 

It is raining. You brought an umbrella. 2 SIMPLES

It is raining, so you brought an umbrella. 1 COMPOUND

 

It is going to rain, so don’t forget your umbrella.

Don’t forget your umbrella. IMPERATIVE no ‘you’

 

She is hungry, so she needs to eat something.

SLANG hungry + angry = hangry

I am hangry. I need a snack.

I am hangry, so I need a snack.

snack  snake

 

The weather was rainy, so we decided to stay (at) home.

 

 

 

 

 

 

*, or – choice, A or B

You can go to school, or you can go to work. COMPOUND

You can go to school or work. SIMPLE

 

Would you like pizza, or would you prefer pasta? COMPOUND

Would you like pizza or pasta? SIMPLE

 

 

 

 

Would you like coffee or tea? SIMPLE SENT

Would you like coffee, or would you prefer/like tea? COMPOUND

SV, or SV.

I’m happy with either.

It doesn’t matter to me.

Both are ok. Both would be fine.

Either one would be fine.

Whichever/Whatever is easiest for you. What are you having?

 

*but- opposite, shows difference, against expectation

We wanted to see Project Hail Mary, but it already left the theatres.

She wants to buy a new iphone, but she doesn't have any money.

 

*and- addition, give extra information

She made breakfast today for the first time, and it was delicious.

We watched the game yesterday, and it was a nail-biter.

VOCAB nail-biting(adj)- very high interest, stressful

She was nervous, and she was twiddling her thumbs.

 

cracking your knuckles

ringing your hands

 

 

REVIEW OF COMPOUND SENTENCES

 

COMPOUND SENT= SIMPLE SENT + , SOBA + SIMPLE SENTENCE

SOBA so or but and    High-frequency words

high-frequency- use them all the time, all day long

low-frequency- not used as much

 

FANBOYS- not great

for nor yet - low-frequency words in compound sentences

She speaks neither French nor German. GRAMMAR BOOK ENGLISH

 

Stick to SOBA.

 

SV, SOBA SV.

Two simple sentences:

You like dogs. Shira likes cats.

 

JOIN THEM TOGETHER

You like dogs, and/but Shira likes cats.

 

, so- give a reason, explain why

You drove too fast, so you got a ticket.

 

, or – two different options

You can have an apple, or you can have some candy.

 

, but – difference

She likes dogs, but he likes cats.

 

, and – extra information

We love soccer, and we play it every weekend.

 

LEVEL 1 of compound sentences:  SV, SOBA SV.

 

Let’s try some practice sentences. Write a few compound sentences using SOBA from our imagination.

 

YOUR EXAMPLES:

You can read, or SV write.

You can read the book, or you can write an essay.

SV, SOBA SV.

 

You can have coffee, or you can have tea.

You can have coffee or tea. SIMPLE SENT

 

I can buy an SUV or a sedan. SIMPLE SENT

I can buy an SUV, or I can choose a sedan. COMPOUND

SUV- sport-utility vehicle

sedan- four-door car with a trunk

hatchback- the back open into the body of the car

convertible- the roof comes off

pickup truck- open bed on the back

 

You have to slow down, or you will get a ticket.

 

She is late today because her bus didn’t come.  COMPOUND

COMPLEX- because her bus didn’t come  ADVERB CLAUSE

NEXT WEEK

RW- FIX

Her bus didn’t come, so she is late today.

 

Verb tenses don’t to be same within a sentence.

You can change verb tenses within a sentence if it is appropriate.

 

Maria cancelled the trip, so we will stay home.

Maria cancelled the trip, so we stayed home.

 

IDIOM What she says, goes.

What he says, goes.

She wears the pants in the family.

Who has the last word?

 

IDIOM breadwinner- a person who earns money for the family

Both of them are breadwinners.

 

bread- staple- main food in the west

potato- staple

Rice is a staple in Asia.

 

IDIOM bread- money

SLANG- used by a small group in society, e.g. teenagers

Your drip is on point.

 

SV, SOBA SV.

 

She studied hard last week, but she still got a lower mark.

VOCAB hard / hardly

hard- with great effort

hardly- almost nothing

 

You work hard. -lots of effort, industrious, hardworking

He hardly works. – little effort, lazy

 

Flaggers are the sign people.

TCP- traffic control personnel

 

VOCAB personnel(noun)- the people who work in a company

personal(adjective)- private, secret, just for you

Don’t give out your personal information.

The company is hiring new personnel.

personnel, staff – non-count noun, uncountable nouns

 

I’d like to call my sister, but she is at work.

I wanted to go home early, but there were lots of things to finish up.

I want to go home early, but there are lots of things to do.

 

You can follow your dream to be a footballer, or you can stay at home and watch your dream.

 

You can work hard to accomplish your goals, or you can say “Sour grapes.”

Aesop’s fable-

A fox wanted to eat some grapes, but he couldn’t reach the grapes.