P2 EF71011 Class 35

 

FYI

Grad is tomorrow, 2:30-3:30

Location: South Hill Gym, across the parking lot, big building east of our school

Everybody is welcome to go.

SHEC students who are finishing this year.

We make our own SHEC diplomas.

There will be refreshments- drinks and snacks, cupcakes.

a bouquet of flowers- a bunch of flowers

He gave me a bouquet.

 

fold paper into special shapes- origami

 

Graduated adults- people who have graduated from high school already in

their home country

Adult program- people who have not graduated from high school already

in their home country

 

 

 

Today’s Agenda

·      Attendance

·      Check progress on presentations

·      Adjective clauses

·      Essay work

 

Friday

There will be a substitute teacher. Lisa

I am setting up for grad

 

Monday

·      Essay to pass in

 

Tuesday

·      Presentations

 

Wednesday

·      Presentations

 

Thursday

·      Presentations

 

Friday

·      Presentations

 

LAST WEEK

Monday

Tuesday, June 23^rd

·      Opportunity to replace one quiz and/or one test.

Replacement quiz will be a mix of simple, compound , and complex.

Replacement test will be a new topic.

·      Replacement essay will be a new topic.

 

Wednesday, June 24^th

Final day

Final reports and comments

One-on-one meetings, if you want, the same as midterm recs.

 

 

 

**

Adjective clauses

 

Exercise 1

Exercise 2

1.The book was good. I read it.

The book which/that I read was good.

 

The book that I read was good. object pronoun

CHOICES/OPTIONS

The book that I read was good.

The book which I read was good.

The book that I read was good.

The book I read was good. OMIT THE OBJ PRON  sounds most authentic

VOCAB omit- leave out, ignore, do not do, remove

 

The cat that I was patting is really cute.  patting petting

The cat which I was patting is really cute.

The cat I was petting is really cute.

 

RW

I was petting a cat that was really cute. subject pron- cannot omit

 

She wants to wrestle with the dog.  play fight

 

The kids likes to wrestle with the dog that has white paws. cannot omit

The kids likes to wrestle with the dog that is well-behaved.

 

The kids likes to wrestle with the dog that their grandparents own. omit

The kids likes to wrestle with the dog their grandparents own.

 

The deer that the man saw was very young.

The deer the man saw was very young.

 

 

 

 

 

The beer that I drank yesterday was really good.

The beer I drank yesterday was really good.

 

Yesterday, I drank some beer yesterday that was really good.

 

The restaurant which is in the Eiffel Tower is not very good.

The restaurants that are in YVR are so-so.

The restaurant (that) we went to in YVR was fine.

 

 

*where

The restaurant that we went to in YVR was fine.

The restaurant where we went in YVR was fine.

 

The city (that) she was born in is Sylimani.

The city (where) she was born is Sylimani.

 

That/This is the place (where) I lost my keys.

 

who/whom

*In general, native English speakers do not use ‘whom’. We usually use ‘who’.

Exception: To whom it may concern:

 

The woman who I was talking to is really funny.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

OPTIONS

The woman I was talking to is really funny. most authentic

The woman who I was talking to is really funny. sounds great

The woman whom I was talking to is really funny. formal, fancy

The woman to whom I was talking is really funny. most formal

 

Which ones do you like?

 

 

Movie There Will Be Blood

 

 

 

**

Essay

-basic model – five-paragraph essay

- at least three paragraphs

-at least 300 words

-everyday opinion topic

-TIME 1 hr 40 m

 

 

 

P1 EF6 Class 35

 

Today’s Agenda

·      Attendance

·      Check-in of your progress in the spoken presentation-  2pts

·      Continue noun clauses

Quiz tomorrow?

Choose vocab to review

·      Begin new verb tense- present perfect verb tense

·      LEFTOVER Finish vocab

·      Continue new dialogue “Handling a Medical Emergency”

 

Friday

·      “Self-Assessment Reflection” Week 7

·      Vocab

·      Quiz- noun clause?

 

Monday

 

NEXT WEEK

Tuesday-Friday

Presentations

Does everyone know what day they are presenting?

 

FINAL WEEK

Monday

 

Tuesday, June 23

·      Opportunity to do a replacement quiz and/or replacement test.

You can choose to do a replacement quiz or a replacement test.

You can choose to do a replacement quiz and a replacement test.

You can choose to do neither.

*The replacement quiz will be a mix of al of the sentence styles: simple, compound, and complex.

REPLACE Q1 -simple sentences

REPLACEMENT QUIZ- Not just simple sentences- all of the sentence types

*The replacement test will be a new topic.

 

Wednesday- LAST DAY

·      Final marks and comments

One-on-one meetings to discuss how things went and what is next, the same as the midterm recommendation meetings

 

 

 

 

**

Two pools of words:

A-VERBS: think, know, realize, hope, understand, believe, feel, remember, forget

say, tell, remind, whisper, shout, yell

 

B-PRONOUNS: ‘that’ ‘why’ ‘how’

 

*understand + why

The kid doesn’t understand why he can’t have more ice cream. N CL

The kid doesn’t understand NOUN. The kid doesn’t understand French.

NOUN CLAUSE- noun S+V

 

*figure out + what

We will figure out what we should do.

We will figure out what we shouldn’t do.

We can’t figure out what we should do.

 

 

 

GRAMMAR- STRUCTURE

We will figure out what we should do. main clause/independent clause n cl

 

VARIATIONS

I can’t figure out what happened.

I can’t figure out what he did.

I can’t figure out NOUN. I can’t figure out the situation.

 

**adverb clause

adverb

She is working quickly because she wants to go home.

 

 

VARIATION

*figure out + how

She figured out how INFINITIVE.

She figured out how to change the windshield wipers on her car.

 

 

Two pools of words:

A-VERBS: think, know, realize, hope, understand, believe, feel, remember, forget

say, tell, remind, whisper, shout, yell

 

B-PRONOUNS: ‘that’ ‘why’ ‘how’

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

*yell + how

He knows how to yell/sing loudly. He sings from his diaphragm.

She speaks from her diaphragm.

Don’t speak from your throat. Speak from your diaphragm.

 

She yelled to/at her son, “Don’t drive too fast.”

She yelled at her son.

PHRASAL VERBS yell to    yell at

 

 yell=shout, holler

shoot the ball

 

He shouts and shoots the ball. She shouted and shot the ball.

The short kid in shorts and a shirt shouts and shoots the ball.

Tongue-twister – good for pronunciation

She sells seashells by the seashore.

How much wood could a woodchuck chuck if a woodchuck could chuck wood.

 

*I yelled how to opened the gate.

 

VARIATION- Different style

*I know how to teach Mandarin.

She knows how to speak Italian.

I don’t know how to swim.

 

She knows how she can get a good job.

VARIATION- sounds very authentic

VOCAB authentic(adj)- real, natural-sounding

She knows how to get a good job.

 

She forgot how to get there.

He know what he has to do.

He knows what to do. sounds more authentic

 

I know where to get cheap blueberries.

I know where we can get cheap blueberries.

 

U-Pick

She said that blueberries are out-of-season right now.

She said that blueberries are not in season right now.

Raspberries are in-season.

 

hotels, tourism

peak season – busiest tourist time of the year

shoulder season- in the middle of busy and not busy

low season- not a busy tourism time

off season – not busy at all

 

tourist trap- a place where tourists always go, store selling cheap stuff

Pisa, Italy

 

VOCAB tourist(n)- person

tourism(n)- the industry

 

**

Let’s practice writing some sentences with noun clauses from our imagination.

 

Two pools of words:

A-VERBS: think, know, realize, hope, understand, believe, feel, remember, forget

say, tell, remind, whisper, shout, yell

 

B-PRONOUNS: ‘that’ ‘why’ ‘how’ ‘where’ ‘what’

**

“Handling a Medical Emergency”

 Vocab

1.conscious(adj)- consciousness(n)-

unconscious

He is in a coma. He uses a catheter.

 

Alzheimer’s – dementia, incoherent

 

conscience(n) – a feeling about what is right and wrong

He has a bad conscience about taking the money.

Her conscience is clear about leaving her old job.

He has a guilty conscience.

 

2.panic- She panicked when she saw a lion.

He had a panic attack. He has been under a lot of stress.

3.crossroads- a big decision, an intersection

She reached a crossroads in her life.

difficult decision – pros and cons

4.stay on the line- stay on the telephone, wait on the phone

 

 

 

P2 EF71011 Class 34

 

VSB summer programs for kids, K-12

fun, academic, sports, art, etc.

free or pay

List of summer course and programs VSB website

Registration is in late April

Course fill up immediately.

There is high demand and limited availability.

It’s luck of the draw. You might get in; you might not.

 

There is also very high demand for camping spots in the Lower Mainland.

 

 

 

Today’s Agenda

·      Attendance

·      Continue business writing

·      Adjective clauses

·      Essay work

 

Thursday

·      Check progress on presentations

·      Adjective clauses

·      Essay work

 

Friday

There will be a substitute teacher. Lisa

I am setting up for grad

 

Monday

·      Essay to pass in

 

Tuesday

·      Presentations

 

Wednesday

·      Presentations

 

Thursday

·      Presentations

 

Friday

·      Presentations

 

LAST WEEK

Monday

Tuesday, June 23^rd

·      Opportunity to replace one quiz and/or one test.

Replacement quiz will be a mix of simple, compound , and complex.

Replacement test will be a new topic.

·      Replacement essay will be a new topic.

 

Wednesday, June 24^th

Final day

Final reports and comments

One-on-one meetings, if you want, the same as midterm recs.

 

 

 

 

**

Finish business writing

CONTINUE TOMORROW

 

GREETING 90% of the time

Dear Ms. Chen:

Dear Mr. Jones,

 

 

BUSINESS LETTER FORMATTING

Business letters are formatted differently than school writing.

School writing- double space and indent the first word in every paragraph

 

Business letters            -DON’T INDENT THE PARAGRAPHS

                                         -SINGLE-SPACE YOUR WRITING

                                         -LEAVE A SPACE BETWEEN PARAGRAPHS

 

-Justification       - left justified

                               -right justified

                               -fully justified

                               -centre justified- titles, poems

 

Keep your margins.

 

 

 

 

 

Thank you for meeting with me yesterday to discuss the job opportunity. I am very eager to speak further with you about this. Please let me know what day and time you will be available to meet.

 

BUSINESS LETTER – no indent, and single space

 

Thank you for meeting with me yesterday to discuss the job opportunity. I am very eager to speak further with you about this. Please let me know what day and time you will be available to meet.

SPACE BETWEEN PARAGRAPHS

I would like to setup an interview with you in the next few weeks. I can be available any workday between 10 and 3.

 

SKIP A LINE BETWEEN PARAGRAPHS

 

*Business writing uses a different format than school writing.*

 

 

** ENDING/CLOSING FOR BUSINESS LETTERS

Yours truly,

Sincerely,

Regards,

Best regards,

 

MY FAVOURITE Best,

Yours,

Yours sincerely,

Warm regards, (sounds very friendly, very nice)

Kind regards,

Best regards,

Kindest regards,

Regards, (more formal sounding-sounds cold)

Respectfully, (talking to someone higher in the business than you)

Thank you,

Best wishes,

All the best,

 

Thank you.  Thank you for your consideration. Thanks. MORE CASUAL

Thank you very much.

I appreciate your help.

I appreciate any help that you can give.

Thank you in advance for your help.

Looking forward to hearing from you.

 

Cheers, VERY CASUAL

 

Sincerely,

 

Signature

 

FOUR LINES GAP

Your Name

 

ADVICE: Keep your signature consistent.

 

MY FAVOURITE:

Best,

 

PERSONAL

Sincerely yours,

Yours sincerely,

Faithfully,

 

 

 

cc    CC – carbon copy  -other recipients of the email or letter

bcc  BCC- blind carbon copy --other recipients of the email or letter, you don’t know who else got it, mostly for privacy

 

Email-  Reply, Reply All

Can you “unsend’ emails?

 

 

 

 

 

ONE MORE PIECE OF ADVICE: Try to keep a business letter to one page. Make them as short as possible. Edit. Cut.

 

**

Font- the style of lettering

You can choose a style of font that you like.

Do you have a favourite font you like?

 

This is a font style.

This is a font style.

This is a font style.

This is a font style.

This is a font style.

This is a font style.

This is a font style.

 

Font size

This is a font size.

This is a font size.

This is a font size.

This is a font size.

This is a font size.

 

I find that restaurant menu fonts are too small.

I think 14-16 points is usually a good choice.

 

 

 

**

Adjective clauses

The students who sit in the front row are from China.

 

Adjective clauses

 

who- people

that- things, animals

which- special things, unique things

 

**whom** rarely used’ grammar book word

whom- rarely used, usually substitute “who”

object pronoun

 

EXAMPLES:

The man who lives next door is friendly. adj cl SV 

‘who’ subject pronoun

The man who I was talking to is friendly. adj cl SV 

‘who’ object pronoun

GRAMMAR BOOK The man whom I was talking to is friendly.

We usually just say ‘who’.

 

When you have an object pronoun, ‘who’, you have some choices:

1. The man who I was talking to is friendly.   very authentic sounding

2. The man who I was talking to is friendly.   most authentic

The man I was talking to is friendly.   most authentic

3. The man whom I was talking to is friendly.   grammar book

 

 

 

*who-people

The people who are in this class are smart.

My neighbour who parks his car in front of my house is a bad-looking guy.

 

 

 

*that- things, animals

He has a phone that takes great video.

She took a bus that was crowded.

I saw a dog that had three legs.

I saw a dog that can carry bags in its mouth for her owner.

 

*which – special, unique things

She comes from Beijing, which is the capital of China.

We study at SHEC, which is on Fraser Street.

Her most valued possession is her necklace which her grandmother left her.

Comma usage with adj cl- complicated

 

Starbucks

Let’s meet at the Starbucks that is on the corner of Fraser and 49th.

 

A His mother who is retired likes playing mahjong.

B His mother, who is retired, likes playing mahjong.

Same meaning? Yes? No?

How many mothers does he have?

A more than one

B one

simple and complete subject

 

The teacher who taught us yesterday did a great job.

restrictive clause, essential clause

 

Our teacher, who was sick yesterday, is back.

 

Your son, who is very tall, plays computer games. 1 son

Your son who is very tall plays computer games. 2+ sons

 

 

 

Exercise 3

1.The meeting was interesting. I went to it.

The meeting that I went to it was interesting.

The meeting that I went to was interesting.

 

I went to the meeting which was interesting.

I went to a meeting that was interesting.

 

I went to the PNE, which was fun.

 

2. The man was very kind. I talked to him yesterday.

The man was very kind who I talked to yesterday. misplaced modiifer

The man who I talked to yesterday was very kind.

 

The man was very kind. I talked to him yesterday.

I talked to the man who was very kind yesterday.

Yesterday, I talked to the man yesterday who was very kind.

 

misplaced modifier- sound funny or confusing

I gave a table to my sister that has wooden legs. misp mod

I gave a table that has wooden legs to my sister.

I gave my sister a table that has wooden legs.

 

He gave a toy to his son.

He gave his son a toy.

You give something to somebody.

You give somebody something.

 

Vancouver is one of the cities that were chosen to host the FIFA World Cup.

 

 

 

The man saw a cat that was driving a motorcycle. misp mod

The man who was driving a motorcycle saw a cat.

 

3.I must thank the people who I got a present from. awk

I must thank the people who gave/got me a present. RW

 

GRAMMAR BOOK I must thank the people from whom I got a present.

 

Exercise 4

1. I apologized to the woman whose coffee I spilled.

2. The man whose wallet was stolen called the police.

The woman whose kids were on the honour role was very proud.

3.I met the woman whose husband is the president of the corporation.

4.The professor whose course I am taking is excellent.

5.Mr. North teaches a class for students whose native language is not English.

Mr. North whose native language is not English teaches a math class. DIFFERENT MEANING

 

P1 EF6 Class 34

 

Today’s Agenda

·      Attendance

·      Return Test 2

Talk about

Focus on verb form, verb tense

Optional RW for one point

·      New dialogue “Handling a Medical Emergency”

 

Thursday

·      Check-in of your progress in the spoken presentation-  2pts

·      Continue noun clauses

·      Begin new verb tense- present perfect verb tense

·      Continue new dialogue “Handling a Medical Emergency”

 

Friday

 

LEFTOVER Finish vocab

 

Friday

 

NEXT WEEK

Tuesday-Friday

Presentations

Does everyone know what day they are presenting?

 

FINAL WEEK

Monday

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Tuesday, June 23

·      Opportunity to do a replacement quiz and/or replacement test.

You can choose to do a replacement quiz or a replacement test.

You can choose to do a replacement quiz and a replacement test.

You can choose to do neither.

*The replacement quiz will be a mix of al of the sentence styles: simple, compound, and complex.

REPLACE Q1 -simple sentences

REPLACEMENT QUIZ- Not just simple sentences- all of the sentence types

*The replacement test will be a new topic.

 

Wednesday- LAST DAY

·      Final marks and comments

One-on-one meetings to discuss how things went and what is next, the same as the midterm recommendation meetings

 

 

 

 

**

Title: Test 2

Devices and notes away.

Take out several sheets of paper

Write an opinion paragraph of at least 150 words on one of the following topics.

1. Should marijuana be legal?

2. Should newcomers to Canada learn English?

 

 

 

 

 

Paragraph- structure

Grabber(optional)

Topic sentence

Supporting sentences

Concluding sentence

(150ww+)

 

Quality of sentences

Simple

Compound

Complex

Proficient at an EF6 level.

 

Big challenge

verb tenses

EF6 – simple present

I am be go to school. XXX

simple past

He was go to school. XXX

simple future

She will going to school. XXX

 

If you got to EF6 and are struggling with verb form, you have a lot of work to do.

 

present progressive

past progressive

 

Focus on the simple tenses.

 

Organization and ideas

Most really good, Interesting ideas, mostly organized.

 

Optional RW for one point.

Pass it in today or first thing tomorrow.

 

 

SENTENCES

I have lived here for a long time. present perfect

Learning English will increase our feeling of belonging.

 

I think that people need to be/should be legal age to buy marijuana. noun clause

 

Canada is a multicultural country.

 

English is an official language in Canada.

English is one of the official languages in Canada.

 

Marijuana can help people with pain, insomnia, anxiety, etc.

Marijuana can help people with pain, insomnia, and anxiety.

Therefore, they can benefit from it.

 

And, we can buy it more easily. XXX

and – compound sentences

FIX

Also, we can buy it more easily.

 

But, it is expensive. XXX

FIXES

However, it is expensive.

I want to get a new phone, but it is expensive.

 

 

 

 

**

New dialogue

“Handling a Medical Emergency”

Let’s get into our chat groups(4-5 people)

Questions and Vocab

 

A.Medical emergencies

choking

unconscious

having a heart attack

in a car accident

got stabbed

someone drowned

someone can’t breathe

shot by a gun

overdose on medication or drugs

having a seizure, epilepsy

allergic reaction, anaphylactic shock, need a epi pen

fracture, broken bone

bleeding nose

having a stroke

high blood pressure

palsy in face, Bell’s Palsy

emergency surgery

external bleeding, hemorrhaging(heavy bleeding)

dizziness

inner ear infection

dislocate a shoulder, elbow, knee, rib

finger stuck in a hole

snakebite(mostly not in Canada, only rattlesnakes in some areas)

P2 EF71011 Class 32

 

Today’s Agenda

·      Attendance

·      Return Test4

Format

Structure

Sentence quality

Length

Memorized phrases and sentences

·      Continue business writing

·      Begin adjective clauses (last kind of clause)

 

Tuesday

·      Begin essay work

·       

 

Wednesday

 

Thursday

·      Check progress on presentations

 

Friday

There will be a substitute teacher. Lisa

I am setting up gear for Grad

 

 

NEXT WEEK

Presentations T-F

Write essay

 

 

 

 

LAST WEEK

Tuesday, June 23^rd

·      Opportunity to replace one quiz and/or one test.

Replacement quiz will be a mix of simple, compound , and complex.

·      Replacement test will be a new topic.

·      Replacement essay will be a new topic.

 

 

Wednesday, June 24^th

Final day

Final reports and comments

One-on-one meetings, if you want, the same as midterm recs.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

**

Return Test4

Format

double space

margins

indent

full name and class

 

Structure

          Grabber (optional, but highly recommended)

          Topic sentence- addresses topic directly

          Supporting sentences -4 points-

Concluding sentence

 

Sentence quality

real sentences – SIMPLE COMPOUND COMPLEX COMPOUND-COMPLEX

          verb tense and verb form

          punctuation  . , ;

          phrasing – authentic phrasing- sounds like real English

 

Length

          150ww+

120ww too short

 

Memorized phrases and sentences

Interesting

preparing for a paragraph – memorize new vocab, memorize a few nice phrases, memorize whole sentences

memorize- remember, understand? photographic memory

 

 

problem – memorize high-level vocab, phrases, sentences

Their own real English is not the same level.

contrast between the sentence writing-

elements- vocab, verb form and tense, phrasing,

shift in voice and tone

 

can be very obvious

 

some people – memorized phrases, vocab, sentence

their writing is close to that level

not much contrast

 

Test 4

Optional RW for one point.

Pass in today or first thing tomorrow.

 

IDIOM The writing is on the wall. Everybody should know how things are going in this course.

 

SENTENCES

They are eligible to immigrate to Canada.

They have eligibility to immigrate to Canada.

eligible(adj)

eligibility(n)

 

: colon

One thing is for sure: finding a job is difficult.  

She is taking two classes: EF7 and Math 12.

He has two kids: a boy and a girl.

Justine has visited several countries: Japan, China, and the US.

 

Recognizing credentials encourages new immigrants to get into the workforce.

 

 

 

**

 

Hi there, WAY TOO VERY CASUAL AND FRIENDLY

 

 

Dear Sir or Madam,

-quite impersonal, not the best first choice

 

GOOD SUGGESTIONS: Call and ask. Find them on LinkedIn.

LinkedIn is like Facebook for professionals

 

 

No emojis!

Emojis are not for serious writing, not for school.

Fun and casual.

 

 

 

 

 

PUNCTUATION WITH SALUTATIONS

 

Dear Grandma,             comma for a personal letter ,

                                         comma- friendly, casual, not formal, not business

 

Dear Sarah Chen:         colon for a business letter :

                                         more formal, not friendly, business

 

You can decide     ,   OR   :

 

Dear Mr. Chen:

Dear Mrs. Smith:

Dear Ms. Smith:

Dear Miss Smith:  (for a child)

Dear Mme Benoit:   mademoiselle

Dear Sir or Madam:

 

! exclamation point- high energy

Dear Mr. Jones!

Expresses high emotion. Wow! Oh! Watch out! Hi!

! – not for formal writing

 

French

Mme- mademoiselle,

Ms, madame

Mon. monsieur

 

madam- a woman who runs a brothel

 

Dear Dr. Gan,      MORE CASUAL

Dear Dr. Jung:     MORE FORMAL

Make a judgement call. Trust your gut. Follow your instinct/heart.

 

My insurance company defaults to Ms. for women.

Ms. Ling Lo Yan

Mrs.

Ms. is good default. It is used by businesses.

 

Women’s family/last names

-         changing your family/last name when you get married is your decision, your choice

-         children’s names -hyphenated name

Spanish, Brazilian, Portugal, Central and South American cultures-

 

 

surname- family name, last name

given name- old-fashioned “Christian name”

 

 

 

GREETING

To Mr. Pacquiao: sounds cold, very formal

To Sarah Chen:

To my dearest Mme Benoit: TOO MUCH, sounds like a love letter

e.g. student emails

To my dear teacher: TOO PERSONAL

Darling teacher, TOO PERSONAL

 

 

Dear Maria,     A BIT MORE RELAXED

Hi John,     QUITE INFORMAL AND RELAXED, FRIENDLY

Hello Jun,        SLIGHTLY MORE FORMAL, BUT STILL FRIENDLY

 

 

 

 

Dear Sarah:   colon is formal, first name is casual

Dear Ms. Smith:

Dear Sarah,    SEEMS LIKE A BETTER CHOICE

 

 

 

WRITING TO  A PERSON IN A POSITION OF AUTHORITY

 

Hi Mark,

You’re doing a good job as Prime Minister of Canada.

WAY TOO INFORMAL

 

Use an honorific-

To the Right Honourable Prime Minister of Canada, Mark Carney:

 

To the presiding Justice of the Court:

 

To Justice Smith:

 

 

**Look it up**

 

Honorific, title

 

To Her Excellency, President Janice Alloud:

To His Excellency, AAA BBB:

To Her Excellency, Governor General of Canada, Mary Simon:

 

Research what title the person might have.

Check Linkedin.com

 

 

If you do not know the name of the recipient of your letter-

 

Health Insurance BC
PO Box 9035 Stn Prov Govt
Victoria, B.C. V8W 9E3

 

 

 

Dear MSP,

To whom it may concern,

To whom it may concern:

 

To who it concerns,

To someone who can concern,

Dear Sir or Madam,  :  Choose one ,  OR :

 

 

NOT AS GOOD- impersonal, sometimes necessary, for example when you are writing to the government

                                   

Dear Sir or Madam,

To whom it may concern, (reference letter)

 

ADVICE: It is always better to get the name of the person who you are writing to. Call and find out. Ask, “Who can I address me letter to?”

 

 

Hi there,  VERY CASUAL

Hi all,  VERY CASUAL

Hi everybody,  VERY CASUAL

 

 

Dear Sir:

Dear Madam,

Dear Sir Chan,

Dear Madam Smith,

Dear Teacher Jones,

Dear Teacher,

My Dear Teacher,

Dear Sir Teacher Jones,

too submissive

 

honorifics, titles – Mr., Mrs., Ms., Miss, Professor, Teacher, Doctor, President, Principal, Dean, Prime Minister, Vice-President, Chancellor, Father, Captain, Lieutenant, Sergeant, Corporal, Officer, manager, Sheriff, Mayor, MP (Member of Parliament), MLA (Member of the Legislative Assembly), Senator, Queen, King, Prince, Princess, Emperor

 

empire- a country that controls vast areas of land, controls other countries

 

dynasty- a government that stays with one family

 

 

Dear Professor Mahed,

Dear Teacher Jones, XXX

Teacher Haley polite translation, not English

To Mayor Ken Sim:

 

Dear Principal Williams,

 

 

In class – Sir, Ma’am – very polite

 

*I go by my maiden name: Smith.

 

 

CONTINUE TOMORROW

 

 

punishment

learning opportunity

 

 

**

Adjective clauses