Monday, 8 June 2026

P2 EF71011 Class 32

 

Today’s Agenda

·      Attendance

·      Return Test4

Format

Structure

Sentence quality

Length

Memorized phrases and sentences

·      Continue business writing

·      Begin adjective clauses (last kind of clause)

 

Tuesday

·      Begin essay work

·       

 

Wednesday

 

Thursday

·      Check progress on presentations

 

Friday

There will be a substitute teacher. Lisa

I am setting up gear for Grad

 

 

NEXT WEEK

Presentations T-F

Write essay

 

 

 

 

LAST WEEK

Tuesday, June 23rd

·      Opportunity to replace one quiz and/or one test.

Replacement quiz will be a mix of simple, compound , and complex.

·      Replacement test will be a new topic.

·      Replacement essay will be a new topic.

 

 

Wednesday, June 24th

Final day

Final reports and comments

One-on-one meetings, if you want, the same as midterm recs.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

**

Return Test4

Format

double space

margins

indent

full name and class

 

Structure

          Grabber (optional, but highly recommended)

          Topic sentence- addresses topic directly

          Supporting sentences -4 points-

Concluding sentence

 

Sentence quality

real sentences – SIMPLE COMPOUND COMPLEX COMPOUND-COMPLEX

          verb tense and verb form

          punctuation  . , ;

          phrasing – authentic phrasing- sounds like real English

 

Length

          150ww+

120ww too short

 

Memorized phrases and sentences

Interesting

preparing for a paragraph – memorize new vocab, memorize a few nice phrases, memorize whole sentences

memorize- remember, understand? photographic memory

 

 

problem – memorize high-level vocab, phrases, sentences

Their own real English is not the same level.

contrast between the sentence writing-

elements- vocab, verb form and tense, phrasing,

shift in voice and tone

 

can be very obvious

 

some people – memorized phrases, vocab, sentence

their writing is close to that level

not much contrast

 

Test 4

Optional RW for one point.

Pass in today or first thing tomorrow.

 

IDIOM The writing is on the wall. Everybody should know how things are going in this course.

 

SENTENCES

They are eligible to immigrate to Canada.

They have eligibility to immigrate to Canada.

eligible(adj)

eligibility(n)

 

: colon

One thing is for sure: finding a job is difficult.  

She is taking two classes: EF7 and Math 12.

He has two kids: a boy and a girl.

Justine has visited several countries: Japan, China, and the US.

 

Recognizing credentials encourages new immigrants to get into the workforce.

 

 

 

**

 

Hi there, WAY TOO VERY CASUAL AND FRIENDLY

 

 

Dear Sir or Madam,

-quite impersonal, not the best first choice

 

GOOD SUGGESTIONS: Call and ask. Find them on LinkedIn.

LinkedIn is like Facebook for professionals

 

 

No emojis!

Emojis are not for serious writing, not for school.

Fun and casual.

 

 

 

 

 

PUNCTUATION WITH SALUTATIONS

 

Dear Grandma,             comma for a personal letter ,

                                         comma- friendly, casual, not formal, not business

 

Dear Sarah Chen:         colon for a business letter :

                                         more formal, not friendly, business

 

You can decide     ,   OR   :

 

Dear Mr. Chen:

Dear Mrs. Smith:

Dear Ms. Smith:

Dear Miss Smith:  (for a child)

Dear Mme Benoit:   mademoiselle

Dear Sir or Madam:

 

! exclamation point- high energy

Dear Mr. Jones!

Expresses high emotion. Wow! Oh! Watch out! Hi!

! – not for formal writing

 

French

Mme- mademoiselle,

Ms, madame

Mon. monsieur

 

madam- a woman who runs a brothel

 

Dear Dr. Gan,      MORE CASUAL

Dear Dr. Jung:     MORE FORMAL

Make a judgement call. Trust your gut. Follow your instinct/heart.

 

My insurance company defaults to Ms. for women.

Ms. Ling Lo Yan

Mrs.

Ms. is good default. It is used by businesses.

 

Women’s family/last names

-         changing your family/last name when you get married is your decision, your choice

-         children’s names -hyphenated name

Spanish, Brazilian, Portugal, Central and South American cultures-

 

 

surname- family name, last name

given name- old-fashioned “Christian name”

 

 

 

GREETING

To Mr. Pacquiao: sounds cold, very formal

To Sarah Chen:

To my dearest Mme Benoit: TOO MUCH, sounds like a love letter

e.g. student emails

To my dear teacher: TOO PERSONAL

Darling teacher, TOO PERSONAL

 

 

Dear Maria,     A BIT MORE RELAXED

Hi John,     QUITE INFORMAL AND RELAXED, FRIENDLY

Hello Jun,        SLIGHTLY MORE FORMAL, BUT STILL FRIENDLY

 

 

 

 

Dear Sarah:   colon is formal, first name is casual

Dear Ms. Smith:

Dear Sarah,    SEEMS LIKE A BETTER CHOICE

 

 

 

WRITING TO  A PERSON IN A POSITION OF AUTHORITY

 

Hi Mark,

You’re doing a good job as Prime Minister of Canada.

WAY TOO INFORMAL

 

Use an honorific-

To the Right Honourable Prime Minister of Canada, Mark Carney:

 

To the presiding Justice of the Court:

 

To Justice Smith:

 

 

**Look it up**

 

Honorific, title

 

To Her Excellency, President Janice Alloud:

To His Excellency, AAA BBB:

To Her Excellency, Governor General of Canada, Mary Simon:

 

Research what title the person might have.

Check Linkedin.com

 

 

If you do not know the name of the recipient of your letter-

 

Health Insurance BC
PO Box 9035 Stn Prov Govt
Victoria, B.C. V8W 9E3

 

 

 

Dear MSP,

To whom it may concern,

To whom it may concern:

 

To who it concerns,

To someone who can concern,

Dear Sir or Madam,  :  Choose one ,  OR :

 

 

NOT AS GOOD- impersonal, sometimes necessary, for example when you are writing to the government

                                   

Dear Sir or Madam,

To whom it may concern, (reference letter)

 

ADVICE: It is always better to get the name of the person who you are writing to. Call and find out. Ask, “Who can I address me letter to?”

 

 

Hi there,  VERY CASUAL

Hi all,  VERY CASUAL

Hi everybody,  VERY CASUAL

 

 

Dear Sir:

Dear Madam,

Dear Sir Chan,

Dear Madam Smith,

Dear Teacher Jones,

Dear Teacher,

My Dear Teacher,

Dear Sir Teacher Jones,

too submissive

 

honorifics, titles – Mr., Mrs., Ms., Miss, Professor, Teacher, Doctor, President, Principal, Dean, Prime Minister, Vice-President, Chancellor, Father, Captain, Lieutenant, Sergeant, Corporal, Officer, manager, Sheriff, Mayor, MP (Member of Parliament), MLA (Member of the Legislative Assembly), Senator, Queen, King, Prince, Princess, Emperor

 

empire- a country that controls vast areas of land, controls other countries

 

dynasty- a government that stays with one family

 

 

Dear Professor Mahed,

Dear Teacher Jones, XXX

Teacher Haley polite translation, not English

To Mayor Ken Sim:

 

Dear Principal Williams,

 

 

In class – Sir, Ma’am – very polite

 

*I go by my maiden name: Smith.

 

 

CONTINUE TOMORROW

 

 

punishment

learning opportunity

 

 

**

Adjective clauses

P1 EF6 Class 32

 

Today’s Agenda

·      Attendance

·      Begin noun clauses

·      IF TIME Continue dialogue “Going to the Bank”

Perform dialogues

·      Test 2- opinion paragraph writing

 

Tuesday

·      Continue noun clauses

·      Begin new verb tense- present perfect verb tense

 

Wed

 

Thursday

·      Check-in of your progress in the spoken presentation-  2pts

 

LEFTOVER Finish vocab

 

Friday

 

 

 

**

Noun Clauses

 

Next kind of sentence- complex sentence with a noun clause

 

EF7 – You must be able to write these types of sentences.

 

Sentence styles:

-SIMPLE   SV   SSV   SVV   SSVV   Imperative   Interrogative

 

-COMPOUND      SV, SOBA SV.

EF56 level

SV; SV.

SV; TRANS, SV.

 

-COMPLEX

- adverb clauses   because   when   if   unless   although   until   after

- noun clauses    TODAY, this week

- adjective clauses   next week

 

 

Noun clauses

NOUN- person, place , thing, idea

person- Dave, Fiona, sister, you

place- school, Vancouver, Morocco, Fraser Street

thing- phone, car, guitar

idea(abstract concept)- health, happiness, education, freedom

 

NOUN- SV

She said that it will rain today.

 

 

 

 

QUOTING

She said that she will be late tomorrow. noun clause indirect speech

She said, “I will be late tomorrow.” direct speech- her exact words

“ “ quotation marks

 

Raha said, “I did chores.” direct speech, exact words

Raha said that she did chores. indirect speech noun course

 

Noun clauses:

-used with verbs that have to do with thinking or your brain/mind:

e.g. think, know, hope, understand, believe, feel, remember, forget

 

-used with verbs that have with speech

e.g. say, tell, remind, whisper, shout, yell

 

We most often use these pronouns: that why how

 

Two pools of words:

A-VERBS: think, know, hope, understand, believe, feel, remember, forget, say, tell, remind, whisper, shout, yell

 

B-PRONOUNS: ‘that’ ‘why’ ‘how’

 

To write a noun clause take an “A” and put it with a “B” word.

A+B=noun clause

 

*think that maybe

I think that SV.

I think that maybe it might/will rain today maybe.

*Adverbs can often go in several places in a sentence.

 

 

 

*think + that

Sarah thinks that it will rain tomorrow.

Your mother thinks that I you can pass the course.

My mother thinks that I can pass the course.

*Pronouns must be clear.

My mother thinks that you will pass her course.

My mother thinks, I think, You think—our opinion that we hold

verb tense- simple present- fact, truth

 

My brother buys ice cream for me. simple present- usually

Is that you mean?

My brother bought ice cream for me on the weekend.

 

simple present- easiest verb tense, still confusing

 

MODALS may/might

might- most common It might rain.

may- usually  for polite requests to borrow, use, ask permission

May I borrow your pencil?

May I have your phone number?

 

ADVERBs maybe, probably, likely, possibly, perhaps

He thinks probably that probably he probably will probably go to the party (on) Friday probably.

We have a test (on) Wednesday.

 

NOT CERTAIN

She is not sure if she will go to the party.

We are not sure if we can go on the hike.

 

 

 

 

*believe + that

          She believes that God is real.

          She believes that God is probably real.

Canada       -Freedom of Religion

                     -Freedom of Speech

cult leader- a person who starts a new religion, with them as the special person

There are many people who are lost who will follow that person.

 

think- cognitive function, brain, logic

believe- heart, feeling, emotional

 

Mei believes that she will pass her driving test.

 

*know + that

Sarah knows that English is very important for her success in Canada.

The kids know that their mother loves them. Some mothers show it rather than say it.

know- fact in their mind, true for them

I know that God is watching me.

 

*know + what

I know what you mean. I understand what you are saying.

 

god- non-believer

God- believer

 

We don’t know what she is planning for the surprise birthday party.

 

We don’t know what is her plan. XXX

What is her plan? question, simple sentence

FIX

We don’t know what her plan is. noun clause

Do you know what is it? XXX

FIX

Do you know what it is ?

 

*know + where

Do you know where is the restroom? XXX

Where is the restroom? question, simple sentence

Do you know where the restroom is?

**The question part is “Do you know”  not “where is”.

 

EUPHEMISMS- bathroom(home), washroom, restroom, toilet(UK)

 

Do you know where the main street is?

Do you know where Main Street is?

 

SLANG/IDIOM the main drag- the major street in a town or city

The restaurant is on the main drag.

 

VERBAL CRUTCH You know- are you with me? do you understand what I’m saying

 

*hope + that

Mei hopes that she will win the lottery.

I hope that I will get my PR next year.

I hope that the war will finish soon.

IDIOM fingers crossed- good luck

 

He pops his knuckles. He cracks his knuckles.

The chiropractor cracked her back.

Her knees crack when she walks down stairs.

 

 

 

*know + why

Molly doesn’t know why the baby is crying.

He knows why his sister is so happy today.

I don’t know why I cannot swim fast.

I don’t know why my cuticles are peeling.

I don’t know why there are white spots on my fingernails.

I don’t know why you don’t like dogs.

 

CONTINUE TOMORROW

 

 

**

Title: Test 2

Devices and notes away.

Take out several sheets of paper

Write an opinion paragraph of at least 150 words on one of the following topics.

1. Should marijuana be legal?

2. Should newcomers to Canada learn English?

 

 

 

 

 

Friday, 5 June 2026

P2 EF71011 Class 31

 

Today’s Agenda

·      Attendance

·      “Self-Assessment Reflection” Week 6

·      Clause in gig contract

·      Vocabulary

·      Business writing

·       

 

gig- short-term job for a musician or a creative person

VOCAB the gig economy – short-term, non-permanent jobs

hard to find fulltime work

 

Saturday – gig contract

 

**

VOCAB 3

1.    with regards – about

I’m calling you about the job offer.

I’m calling you with regards to the job offer.

I’m calling you regarding the job offer.

 

Business letters

RE:

 

I want to meet with you with regards to my final mark.

I want to meet with you about my final mark.

I want to meet with you regarding my final mark.

 

 

 

 

 

with regards to

in front of

in back of

in lieu of- instead of

She worked extra hours all week. She took a day-off in lieu of extra pay.

 

Obituary- In lieu of flowers, please donate to the SPCA.

SPCA- Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals

-dog and cat shelter for stray animals

cruel(adj) - treat someone very badly

mean

Children who are cruel to animals often grow up to be cruel to people.

 

 

Closing of a letter:

Regards,

Best regards,

 

regard- good opinion

I hold my sister in high regard. I value and respect her.

I hold my brother-in-law in low regard.

She holds her mother’s opinion in high regard.

 

2.updated   resume   CV- curriculum vitae

 

3.income – money

benefits package, perquisites(perqs)- parking space, meal allowance, travel allowance, company car, transit pass

Her job doesn’t pay well, but it has good perqs.

 

compensation package

 

wage with few benefits- $/hr

4.entrepeneur(French)- business person

She has an entrepreneurial spirit. She likes being her own boss.

She wants to work for herself.

self-employed(a)

He is a self-employed salesperson.

 

5.amass(v) gather, save, accumulate

He amassed a huge collection of antique cameras.

She amassed a lot of parking tickets.

He amassed a big stamp collection.

My son amassed a tremendous amount of Pokemon cards.

He built a house out of Lego.

She likes to build Lego people.

 

VOCAB hoard(v) hoarder(n)- collect junk, fill up the house and yard

 Her neighbour was a hoarder.

 

6.efficient- do of lots of things in a short time, big result, minimal effort,

effective-

 

7.Dynamite-

Alfred Nobel – Nobel Prizes- Nobel Peace Prize

                                                   -Nobel Prize for Chemistry

                                                   --Nobel Prize for Physics

                                                   --Nobel Prize for Economics

There is no Nobel Prize for Mathematics.

Fields Medal for Math

 

Academy Awards for movies.

 

 

Gig this weekend- banjo, violin and mandolin

 

8.intensive- intense(adj), tension(n), tense(adj)

 

He put a tension bandage on his wrist.

There is a lot of tension at her job.

 

attention- attend

She will sit/take/write/do an exam.

 

9.luxury(n) luxurious(adj)- opulent, rich, wealthy

wealth(n) wealthy(adj)

He has a lot of wealth. She is a wealthy person.

wealth- extra money that you don’t have to use

She is wealthy. She is tall.

 

class – sophistication, stylish

He is very gauche.  rich but unsophisticated, showy

 

She is classy and understated.

 

rural- countryside, somebody from a farm

urban- city

 

10.prestigious(adj)- respected, good name and reputation

UBC is a prestigious university.

 

 

Vocab 4

1.    Absolutely!

 

2.    entitled(adj) eligible

NEGATIVE an entitled person – someone who thinks that they should have special treatment, thinks that everyone owed them something

He has a very entitled attitude.

3.    burn off calories-

I’m going to burn off my lunch.

The kids should burn off some energy.

The light bulb burned out.

The doctor felt burned out. He needed a vacation.

 

5.limping, limp(v) walk uneven on on one leg, usually due to pain

leap(v) big big jump

The Great Leap Forward, Mao

The dog leaped over the fence.

The kid is growing in leaps and bounds.

Your English is improving in leaps and bounds.

 

Leap Year – a year with an extra day-February 29th, once every four years

 

soar(v) how an eagle flies

sore(adj) – painful

 

sourdough bread

 

5.childhood   nostalgia(n)- sweet and sad memories of the past, bittersweet

She is very nostalgic about her hometown.

 

IDIOM Take a walk down memory lane.

 

7.recharge her batteries

 

8.prospective- possible, potential

We interview prospective students at SHEC.

He is a good prospect/possible candidate for the job.e He is

 

 

9.poverty(n)- extremely poor condition

Many people live below the poverty line in Canada.

 

The minimum wage in BC about $18.25/hr.

40 hours/week

 

10. let you off- no penalty, just a warning

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Test 4

Devices and notes away.

You can have the article out.

Write an opinion paragraph of at least 150 words on the following topic.

 

Should credentials from foreign-trained immigrants be recognized by Canadian employers?

 

 

 

Paragraph- opinion

(150-200ww)

 

Grabber

Topic sentence

3-4 points

Concluding sentence

 

 

 

 

P1 EF6 Class 31

 

Today’s Agenda

·      Attendance

·      “Self-Assessment Reflection” Week 6

·      Continue past progressive verb tense

·      Continue dialogue “Going to the Bank”

Perform dialogues

·      Continue opinion writing

You wrote a practice paragraph for homework.I will look those over if you want.

Read aloud paragraphs

Test Monday paragraph

·      Begin noun clauses

 

 

 

LEFTOVER Finish “Odd Word Out 1”

 

Monday

·      Test- opinion writing

·      Begin present perfect verb tense

 

 

 

**

Paragraphs

-         well organized points

-         good simple, compound, and complex sentences

 

 

 

 

 

 

Paragraph

Grabber (optional)

Topic sentence- address the writing prompt, question

3-4 clear reasons supporting your opinion

Concluding sentence

(150-200ww)

 

 

 

**

Verb tenses

-present progressive verb tense

is working

She is working part-time in a warehouse. these days

He is talking on the phone to his sister. right now

CASUAL: We are driving to Hope tomorrow. suggests the future

SIMPLE FUTURE

We will drive to Hope tomorrow. decide at the moment

We are going to drive to Hope tomorrow. already decided

 

 

-past progressive verb tense

He is talking on the phone to his sister.

He was talking on the phone to his sister.

 

past progressive, with an interruption

He was talking on the phone to his sister, and the phone died.

He was talking on the phone to his sister when the doorbell rang.

She was listening to me and started to choke on water.

IDIOM It went down the wrong pipe.

 

 

 

VOCAB medical terms tract, trachea, windpipe,

tracheotomy-

trachea microphone-

 

-present progressive-

We are taking a break soon. future

You are thinking about the weekend.

 

-past progressive

They were watching the fireworks, and there was a big fight.

 

Yesterday, when I was driving down 41st Avenue, the police had closed off some streets.

 

 

Choice:

Practice present progressive and past progressive verb tenses

OR

Perform dialogue

 

Let’s try to write some sentences from out imagination using present progressive and past progressive. I will come around and see.

 

 

IDIOM They have the giggles.

giggle-

 

My glasses are fogging up.

fog-

 

Steam is coming out of the kettle.

 

We were looking at the water, and we saw some seals.

We were looking at sea lions in Steveston.

Pajo’s Fish and Chips has excellent fish and chips.

 

Don’t feed the sea lions.

 

beaver- very hardworking, always chewing trees, their teeth keep growing

IDIOM She is as busy as a beaver/bee.

 

llama-

 

otter-

skunk-

coyote-

fox-

 

canines- dogs

felines- cats

 

 

 

COMMON ERRORS

I walking in the park. XXX

I am/was walking in the park.

 

i was walking in the park. CAP

 

These details are really important.

 

 

**

VERB TENSES SO FAR

Simple present

Simple past

Simple future

Present progressive

Past progressive

 

Monday

Present perfect

Present perfect progressive