Superstition- actions
that cause good or bad luck
-
an
open umbrella indoors is bad luck
Today’s Agenda
· Attendance
· Overview of complex
sentences
· First Nations lecture
re:
National Day for Truth and Reconciliation
· IF TIME Continue verb
tense- simple present
Wednesday- no school,
Stat Holiday- statutory
National Day for
Truth and Reconciliation
Thursday
· Return Test 1
Focus on PLOs C1 and
C5
Talk about paragraph
process
This is what works
for me.
Optional RW for one
point
· Continue verb tense-
simple past
· Continue complex
sentences
Begin
adverb clauses
· Continue new article-
Canadian experience
Friday
· “Self-Assessment
Reflection” Week 4
· Vocabulary exercises
· Continue complex
sentences- adverb clauses
Quiz
3 when?
· Continue verb tense-
simple future
· Continue new article
· HANDOUT Article for
next week
NEXT WEEK: Quiz 3- adverb clauses
Test 2- paragraph article “Canadian experience”
Monday
· Continue verb tense-
present progressive
Tuesday
· Continue verb tense-
past progressive
Complex Sentences
Sentence types:
SIMPLE SENTENCES Quiz 1
COMPOUND SENTENCES Quiz 2
COMPLEX SENTENCES- next two to three weeks
Complex sentences are
made of an independent clause (same as a simple sentence) and one or two
dependent clauses.
Dependent clauses can
be adverb clauses, adjective clauses, or noun clauses. You probably have
studied these in earlier courses.
SIMPLE SENTENCE
We like to go hiking.
DEPENDENT CLAUSE ‘because’ ‘if’ ‘when’ ‘that’
We like to go hiking when the weather is nice.
ADVERB CLAUSE- if because when since unless until- start tomorrow
Examples of
complex sentences with adverb clauses:
·
I will call
you when I arrive home. no
comma
I will
call you, when I arrive home.
XXX
When I arrive home, I will call
you.
TWO MODELS FOR ADVERB CLAUSES:
I will call you when I arrive home. no
comma
When I arrive home, I will call you.
comma
·
She smiled because she was proud of her work.
no comma
Because she was proud of her work, she smiled.
comma
·
Although it was raining, they continued playing
soccer.
although = even though = though(casual)
although = but
It is rainy, but she still went for a run. COMPOUND
She went for a run although it is rainy. COMPLEX- ADV CL
·
We can go outside if the weather improves.
If the weather improves, we can go outside.
·
HARDER/LESS COMMON He studied very hard so
that he could pass the exam.
so / so that = related, but different usage
He wanted to buy a car, so he saved up some money.
COMPOUND
He saved up some money so that he could buy a car.
COMPLEX- ADV CL
He wanted to buy a car so that he could stop taking the
bus.
You are at SHEC so that you can get ready for college. COMPLEX
She wants to go to college, so she is finishing courses at
SHEC. COMPOUND
She is doing courses at SHEC because she wants to go to
college. COMPLEX
He is going to college. He is going to a college in Kamloops.
He is going to the veterinary college in PEI.
She is going to The University of British Columbia.
Maria is from The Philippines.
I am from The Canada.
The United States of America
The United Kingdom
The Vatican
He is from The United Arab Emirates.
She wants to become a Canadian citizen, so she is doing the
immigration test.
CAPS- country, culture, language
England, Japan, Iran, Chinese, Peruvian, Persian, French,
Arabic, Farsi, Pinoy, Turkish, etc.
We love Turkish coffee.
Examples of complex sentences with adjective clauses:
HIGH FREQUENCY
who that which
LESS COMMON whom, whose
·
The book that I borrowed from the library
is very interesting.
·
She has a friend who lives in Toronto.
·
The car which was parked outside belongs
to my neighbor.
·
I met a teacher who inspired me to work
harder.
·
The movie that we watched last night was
exciting.
She has a friend who lives in Toronto.
She has a friend who she hikes with.
GRAMMAR BOOK She
has a friend whom she hikes with.
Authentic English speakers rarely, if ever, use the word ‘whom’.
Examples of complex sentences with noun clauses:
thinking
and speaking- brain and tongue
·
What she said surprised everyone.
·
I don’t know where he went.
·
That she won the prize made her family
proud. GRAMMAR BOOK
Her family was proud that she won the prize.
AUTHENTIC
·
Can you tell me why the meeting was canceled?
·
Whoever finishes first will receive a
reward.
Whoever
finishes first will receive a reward. subject
Exercise 1- Easier sentences.
Each sentence
is missing a word in an dependent clause. Rewrite each sentence by adding an
appropriate word. Write the corrected sentences on your own paper.
1.
I know that/why she is tired.
2.
The boy who is playing outside is my
brother.
3.
We stayed home because/while/when/since it
was raining.
4.
She said that she would help me.
5.
The dog that barked loudly ran away.
6.
I will call you when/if I arrive.
I will call you when I arrive. – very
close in time- arrive, than call
Text me right when you get home.
MODELS:
I will call you when I arrive.
When I arrive, I will call you.
7.
He doesn’t understand why she is upset.
8.
The car that/which he bought is very
fast.
9.
She cried because/when/since/while she
was sad.
10. What
he said was surprising.
The thing
that he said was surprising.
Exercise B- More challenging.
Each sentence
is missing a word in an dependent clause. Rewrite each sentence by adding an
appropriate word. Write the corrected sentences on your own paper.
1.
I don’t know why she left the party early
because she seemed happy.
2.
The book that/which you gave me is the
one that/which I was looking for.
3.
She will call you when/after she arrives if
she has enough time.
She will call you if she remembers
and has enough time.
4.
I believe that hard work always pays off
in the end.
5.
The student who won the scholarship
studied harder than anyone else in the class.
6.
We stayed inside because/since/when/while
it was raining heavily.
7.
I am not sure if/that-LOW FREQUENCY he
will join us for dinner tonight.
8.
The house where I grew up has been sold
to a family who/that moved here from Mexico.
The house where
she grew up was small.
The house that/which
she grew up in was small.
9.
She smiled because she knew the secret even
though nobody had told her anything.
She is very intuitive. She can read
people.
IDIOM poker
face- showing no expression, blank face, not betraying emotion
9.She smiled when
she knew the secret even though nobody had told her anything. She
figured it out.
10. What
he said yesterday made everyone in the room
uncomfortable.
Lecture notes
for First Nations
Tomorrow- National Day for Truth and Reconciliation
-historic poor treatment of Native people in this land
-focused on Residential Schools
· CBC news May, 2021
Unmarked
graves of First Nations children have been found on the grounds of old
Residential Schools, 315 kids? in Kamloops
· more and more suspected unmarked graves discovered across Canada
· thousands and thousands of suspected graves found so far
-
used ground-penetrating
radar
· fear probably thousands more across Canada
· Residential Schools- 150 000 First Nations kids went to
residential schools from the 1860s-1990s
over 4000 kids
died, maybe 6000
· Residential Schools all across Canada
https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/residential-schools-in-canada-interactive-map
· Organized and financed by the Canadian government, run by the Christian
churches (mainly Catholic and Anglican churches), paid for by the federal government,
tax dollars
· about 150 000 First Nations kids were forcibly taken away from
their families to Residential Schools from 1860s to 1990s.
Revelations- big ugly secrets in Canada
-around
Kindergarten to Grade 12
· Now we know!
· Focus of BC new curriculum- First Nations
First Nations
ways of knowing, culture, history in Canada
e.g. First Peoples 11 & 12
Education is
the key to knowledge.
Very interesting area of study – good choice –
First Peoples 11
and First Peoples 12
We offer these classes at South Hill – some students do both
English 12 and First Peoples 12
-recognized by all postsecondary institutions
Times have changed- new recognition of the importance of First
Nations in this land
Big contrast
· My school experiences- none of the history, none of the social
studies was about First Nations
The focus was history class was on Europeans, settlers, White men
in Canada
male-centred, Euro-centred
In high school
· lots of First Nations kids in my school, segregated,
seemed normal, normalized, unstated expectation
segregation – separation of races or groups
MicMac- migmaw
· racist attitudes towards First Nations people “Indians”
dismissive,
belittling, negative stereotypes
** Maybe tell these stories
· policy at my university – have to finish your degree in seven
years
students/
professors –led initiative to change it to 10 yrs
· racism against First Nations – BCTF AGM story
700 teachers
“equity-seeking groups” wanted representation
Orange shirt- remember little kids in the residential schools
SLOGAN “Every child matters.”
Overview –
introduction
· First Peoples -Who they are?
· Small groups
“What do you know about First Nations people in Canada?”
Generate ideas on LCD
old racist word “red skin” “red Indian”
-Sports team NFL football The
Washington Red Skins
changed in 2020 to The Washington Commanders
-hockey team on Vancouver Island Saanich Junior Braves
Victoria Admirals
-my high school Riverview Redmen
name changed in 2020 new name?
Three groups
of people constitute Indigenous Peoples in Canada, also
called First Peoples. Also called Aboriginal. Native
-old word, outdated vocab Indian
Three groups:
1. First
Nations -people in the south of Canada
2. Inuit Eskimo – people in the north of Canada
kids snack- Eskimo
Pies– ice cream sandwiches
3. Métis(French) – ‘mixed’ people who are First Nations and European
ancestry- not accepted by the French or the First Nations
First Nations came into
common usage in the 1980s to replace the term ‘Indians’
·
Talk about origin of the word ‘Indian’ due to
geographical misunderstanding, West Indies
“Indian”
·
First Nations- Indigenous people in the South (below Arctic Circle).
Half of all First Nations bands are in Ontario and BC.
·
Inuit are the Indigenous people who live in the North.
Used to be called ‘Eskimo’- disparaging term from French Esquimaux, from
Montagnais ayas̆kimew ‘person who laces a snowshoe’. Montagnais, or Innu, are
the Indigenous inhabitants of an area they refer to as Nitassinan, which
comprises most of the northeastern portion of the present-day province of
Quebec and some eastern portions of Labrador.
Discredited
etymology ‘raw fish eater’
Website: https://www.itk.ca/about-canadian-inuit/#nunangat
Show map: “Inuit
Map”
Metis - French- do not pronounce the ‘s’ may-tee
-a person of mixed Indigenous and
European ancestry
1600s and 1700s - Fur trading
European men came to hunt animals, like beavers
In particular one of a group of
such people who in the 19th century constituted the so-called Metis nation in
the areas around the Red and Saskatchewan rivers. Metis comes from the French
word ‘métis’, which means ‘mixed’.
· The three groups: First Nations
Inuit Metis
· Where did these people come from?
· First Nations creation myths/ creation stories
Every culture has a creation myth/story – legend, fiction, story,
explains real life, explains natural phenomena
Greek Myth- e.g. Echo-magical creature- nymph, Narcissus-
narcissist- a person who is self-absorbed
Every group has a creation story/myth
Bible- Garden of Eden, Adam and Eve
Koran- Quran - similar story
Different First Nations groups have different creation stories.
· Read “The Beginning of the Haidi Gwaii World” on LCD
· Talk about Raven
- prominent
role in the mythologies of the Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest
Coast, including the Tsimishians, Haidas, Heiltsuks, Tlingits, Kwakwaka'wakw,
Coast Salish, Koyukons, and Inuit. The raven in these indigenous peoples'
mythology is the Creator of the world, but it is also considered a trickster
god.
-two different
raven characters:
-the creator raven, responsible for bringing the world into being
and who is sometimes considered to be the individual who brought light to the
darkness
-the childish
raven, always selfish, sly, conniving, and hungry
The Beginning of the Haida Gwaii World
In
the beginning, before the creation of the world, the earth was completely
covered by a vast ocean and the sky was all grey clouds. The cloud kingdom was
ruled by the great Sha-lana. Sha-lana's Chief servant was Raven.
One
day Raven enraged his master and was cast out into the ocean world. He flew
over the ocean for a long period of time until he became weary. Unable to find
a place to rest, Raven became angry. He began to beat his wings upon the water
until the water rose up and touched the clouds around him.
When
the water receded back into the ocean there appeared rocks upon which Raven
rested. These rocks grew and stretched across the ocean. The rocks turned into
sand and after a short period of time trees began to grow on the sand. After
many moons the sand had turned into beautiful islands, which we know today as
the Haida Gwaii (Queen Charlotte Islands).
Raven
enjoyed his kingdom, yet he became bored and lonely. He decided he needed
someone to help him. So one day he gathered two large piles of clam shells upon
the beach and transformed them into two human females. These two women
complained saying that they should not have both been created as women. So to
make them happy Raven threw limpet shells at one and turned her into a man,
creating the Haida Gwaii people."
Clark,
E., Indian Legends of Canada, McClelland and Stewart: Toronto,
1991.
https://royalbcmuseum.bc.ca/exhibits/bc-archives-time-machine/galler07/frames/oralhist.htm
· Show pictures “Raven1” “Raven2” “Raven and the First Men”
“Spirit of
Haida Gwaii” YVR (Vancouver Airport), other pictures jewelry
Haida Gwaii-
Queen Charlotte Islands
· Different First Nations have different stories-
e.g.Micmac, Mi'kmaq,
Glooscap
**about 630
different First Nations in Canada- all different stories
Three different group of First Peoples
in Canada:
1.First Nations- live in the south of
Canada
2.Metis- mixed European and First
Nations
3.Inuit- live in the far north
**
Continue article-
Canadian experience
Let’s get into chat
groups (5-6 people)
Discuss and share
knowledge about the “Thought Questions”
