Today’s Agenda
·
Attendance
·
Collect Test 1 RW
·
“Adult Ed Student Information Verification”
·
HANDOUT “Comma Splices”
Teach, exercises
·
Continue “Literary Terms”- narrator, point of
view, symbol, theme, foreshadowing
·
Continue “Ice Storm” module
Thursday
Continue
Friday- No school for you-
-Professional Development- teacher training day
- Students with autism
Monday- No school
-BC Family Day
Tuesday
-Back in school
·
Test2- paragraph on “What Happened During the
Ice Storm”
**
“Adult Ed Student Information Verification”
Check that your information is correct.
If it is all correct, please sign and the date the paper.
Give it back to me.
If there are errors, make corrections on the paper.
PEN- Personal Education Number
DOB – date of birth
**
Comma Splices
Correction Codes
CS- comma splice
Very common error
Comma splices are related to run-on sentences.
A comma splice is two complete sentences (independent
clauses) that are joined together with just a comma.
e.g.
I was tired. I went to bed early.
I was tired, I went to bed early. CS
Both parts are simple sentences, so a comma by itself isn’t
strong enough to join them together. A comma is meant to separate parts of a
sentence, not connect two full sentences together on its own.
You can fix a comma splice in a number of ways:
I was tired, I went to bed early. CS
1. Use
a period
I was tired, I went to bed early.
I was tired. I went to bed
early.
These are two simple sentences.
2. Add
a coordinating conjunction (FANBOYS
SOBA)
SOBA so or but
and 95% of the time use SOBA
for yet nor- uncommon, not usual usage, grammar book
I was tired, I went to bed early. CS
I was tired, so I went to bed early.
This is a compound sentence.
SV, SOBA SV.
The cat is
asleep, but the dog is awake.
He likes skiing, and he likes hiking. COMPOUND
She likes skiing, but she hates hiking. COMPOUND
He likes skiing but hates hiking. SIMPLE SVV
3. Use
a semicolon ;
I was tired, I went to bed early.
CS
I was tired; I went to bed
early.
This is also a compound sentence.
4. Use
a semicolon with a transitional term.
I was tired, I went to bed early. CS
I was tired; therefore, I went
to bed early.
This is also a compound sentence.
I was tired; that’s why I went to bed early.
COMPOUND/COMPLEX SENTENCE
Purpose of a semicolon:
Two sentences that are talking about the same thing, are related.
;
-- dash – casual writing,
energetic, cooler-looking
Purpose of a colon:
: colon – used to give additional information
She has visited many countries: Japan, China, Vietnam, France,
etc.
Mei is taking two courses at SHEC: EF7 and Math10.
She has visited many countries: Japan, China, Vietnam …… NOT ENGLISH
She has visited many countries: Japan, China, Vietnam …… NOT ENGLISH
She has visited many countries: Japan, China, Vietnam, etc.
et cetera -Latin ‘and others’
Sarah has three kids: two girls and a boy. TOO FORMAL FOR
FRIENDS
Sarah has three kids-- two girls and a boy. CASUAL
… ellipsis -specific usage, not etc.
That’s why I went to bed
early. COMPLEX SENT- NOUN CL
5. Make
one clause dependent (usually an adverb clause)
ADVERB CLAUSES- because when
if since although, etc.
I was tired, I went to bed early.
CS
Because I was tired, I went to bed early. comma
I went to bed early because I was
tired. no comma
This is a complex sentence.
COMMON ERROR
Because I was
tired, so I went to bed early. XXX
FIXES
Because I was
tired, I went to bed early.
I was tired, so I
went to bed early.
COMPOUND SV, SOBA SV.
BRIEF REVIEW
SIMPLE SENTENCE
SV
SSV
SVV
COMPOUND SENTENCE
SV , SOBA or ;
SV
COMPLEX SENTENCE
dependent clause + independent clause
Example.
I went to bed early because I was tired. COMPLEX SENT- ADV
CL
I was tired; as a result, I went to bed early. COMPOUND SENT
I was tired and went to bed early. SIMPLE SVV
IDIOM the teacher’s pet- favourite student
Exercise 1
Each sentence below contains a comma splice. Rewrite each
sentence correctly by using one of the methods. Write the corrected sentences
on your own paper.
Choose some.
Intermediate-level vocabulary
1. I
finished my homework, I went to bed early.
I finished my homework, so I went to bed early.
I finished my homework; therefore, I went to bed early.
I finished my homework; then I went to bed early. no comma
Why no comma? A great mystery.
2. She
enjoys reading, she likes hiking.
She enjoys reading; she likes
hiking.
She enjoys reading, and she likes
hiking.
She enjoys reading; also, she
likes hiking.
She enjoys reading; as well, she
likes hiking.
She enjoys reading; in addition,
she likes hiking.
3. The
meeting started late, everyone was understanding.
4. He
trained for weeks, he felt unprepared.
Even though he trained for weeks,
he felt unprepared.
He trained for weeks;
nevertheless, he felt unprepared.
5. The
coffee was too strong, I couldn’t finish it.
The coffee was too strong. I couldn’t finish it.
The coffee was too strong, so I couldn’t finish it.
The coffee was too strong; therefore, I couldn’t
finish it.
The coffee was too strong; as a result, I couldn’t
finish it.
6. They
planned the trip carefully, it played out seamlessly.
7. The
store was crowded, there was nowhere to sit. CS
The store was crowded; therefore, there was nowhere
to sit.
The store was crowded, and there was nowhere to sit.
The store was crowded, so there was nowhere to sit.
The store was crowded so that there was nowhere to
sit. adv cl
,so so that Not the same thing
,so COMPOUND SENT
so that ADVERB CL – COMPLEX SENTENCE
There was nowhere to sit because the store was
crowded.
8. She
saved enough money, she bought a new phone.
9. The
instructions were confusing, many students made mistakes.
10.
We arrived early, the doors were already closed.
CS
We arrived early, but the doors
were already closed.
Although we arrived early, the doors were already closed.
Even though we arrived early, the doors were already closed.
although = even though = though(casual)
We arrived early, so the doors were already closed.
The doors were closed because we arrived early.
We arrived early; however, the doors were already closed.
Higher-level vocabulary
1. The
project looked simple at first, unexpected issues kept appearing.
2. She
practiced the speech repeatedly, so she felt confident.
Because/Since she practiced the speech
repeatedly, she felt confident.
She practiced the speech repeatedly;
therefore, she felt confident.
3.The train was delayed repeatedly, the passengers grew
impatient. CS
The train was delayed repeatedly; finally, the passengers
grew impatient.
The train was delayed repeatedly; therefore, the passengers
grew impatient.
for this reason
The train was delayed repeatedly; as a result, the
passengers grew impatient.
The train was delayed repeatedly; unsurprisingly, the
passengers grew impatient/irritated.
She missed half the classes; surprisingly, she got an A.
amazingly
happily unexpectedly unhappily
unbelievably
John loved Michelle; unhappily, she was already married.
Mei had no money in her bank account; unexpectedly, her aunt
left her $1000000.
1000000- one million
IDIOM left money for someone in a will- someone died and
passed
will power- will- your inner strength
will- a legal document
heritage- culture or past history This church is a heritage building.
inheritance- the things or money you inherit
- money along
to the next generation
In June, 2025, an 84-year-old North Vancouver woman left
$1000000 to her male escort. Her children are suing him.
4. The
instructions seemed clear, most of the students were able to do the exercise.
5. The
team worked late into the night, they made steady progress.
6. The
restaurant received great reviews online, we found the service and food to be
excellent.
The restaurant received great reviews online; not
surprisingly, we found the service and food to be excellent.
IDIOM a foodie I am a
foodie.
7. He
tried to remain optimistic, frustration showed in his tone. CS
He tried to remain optimistic; nevertheless, frustration
showed in his tone. nevertheless =
however
He tried to stay/keep/remain optimistic, but frustration
showed in his tone.
He tried to remain optimistic although frustration showed in
his tone.
IDIOM optimistic- look on the bright side of life, a glass
half-full person
pessimistic- negative look at the world, a glass half-empty
person
realistic- clear-eyed- see the world as it is
Be grateful. Feel gratitude for
small things.
Sometimes I am an optimist; sometimes I am a pessimist.
They agreed on
the main goals, the details caused disagreement.
4. The
package was marked as delivered, nobody could find it.
5. He
reviewed the document one last time, it all looked good.
**
“Literary Terms”
6.narrator- the person who tells the story
narrate(v) tell a story
audiobooks-
narrative(adj)
7.point-of-view-
8. symbol(n)
symbolize(v)
symbolic(adj)
**
Name:
____________________
Class: ____________________
“What Happened
During the Ice Storm” Thought Questions
** Make notes in preparation for small-group
discussion **
4.
What
is the setting of the story?
5.
The
word ‘But’ in the third sentence causes the mood of the story to change. How is
this a pivot point in the story?
6.
Why
do the boys go out in the storm?
7.
What
does “harvest the pheasants” (paragraph 2) mean?
catch and kill-
harvest crops- rice, wheat, corn, apple, cherry,
blueberry, etc
harvest fish, harvest deer/moose/elk- wild animals,
game animals
harvest- birds can’t move, like picking crops
harvest- farm- lifestock- farm animals that are kept to
make money- chickens, pigs, sheep, goats, cows, ducks, etc.
harvest- food
8.
What
are three comparisons the writer creates between the birds and the kids in the
third paragraph?
1.breath
2.heads moving back and forth
3.covered in ice
4.blindfolded and no clubs and sacks - helpless
9.
What
is the simile comparing the grass seeds, the pheasants, and the boys?
simile- comparison two things using ‘like’ or ‘as’
She is as tall as a tree.
He is skinny like a bamboo.
dirty as a pig
deaf as a post
blind as a bat
as smart as Einstein
egg- fragile, easily broken, delicate
youth, alive
grass seed and egg
10.What is the climax of the story?
most dramatic point – highest tension
11.Why do the boys act in the manner they do?
-kind-hearted
-feel compassion
-sympathy, empathy
12.What is the resolution (denouement) of the story?
