Thursday, 2 April 2026

P2 EF7/10 Class 32

 

- Medical Office Assistant program

- Newcomer Welcome Centre- free desktop computers available

 

Maria Cruz, Room 305

 

Today’s Agenda

·      Attendance

·      “Self-Assessment Reflection” Week 7

·      Check presentation progress (1pt)

·      Sentence combining work

·      Animal Farm Chapter 6

·      Begin essay work

“The Bare Bones of the Five-Paragraph Essay”

“The Benefits of Cycling”

 

Friday, April 3

·      Statutory holiday

Good Friday

 

Monday, April 6

·      Statutory holiday

Easter Monday

 

Tuesday, April 7

·      Presentations 1

·      Animal Farm Chapter

·      Essay work

 

Wednesday, April 8

·      Presentations 2

·      Animal Farm Chapter

·      Essay work

 

Thursday, April 9

·      Presentations 3

·      Animal Farm Chapter

 

Friday, April 10

·      Presentations 4

·      Animal Farm

 

Final week- essay, movie

Monday, April 13

Tuesday, April 14

Wednesday, April 15

 

Thursday, April 16

·      Optional replacement quiz and/or test

 

Friday, April 17- final day

·      One-on-one meetings, final marks and comments

 

Quarter 4 begins on Thursday, April 23rd.

 

 

**

Sentence Combining

Exercises for “French Fries”

 

Two ways to look at sentence combining:

1.coordination- compound  , SOBA   ;   ; TRANS,

2.subordination- complex   adv cl   adj cl   n cl

 

 

4-6

Then they are lowered.

slow

into oil

simple?   compound?   complex?   compound-complex?

 

Then they are lowered.

slowly(adv)

into oil

 

Slowly, then slowly they are slowly lowered into oil slowly into oil.

 

7-9

Their bath crackles and foams because is it hot.

Their hot bath crackles and foams.

Their bath is hot and crackling with foam.  

Their bath is hot, crackling and foamy.  adj, adj, and adj  PARALLEL

Fries are deep-fried.

They crackle and foam in the hot bath.

Their bath is hot, and it crackles and foams.

 

Their hot foamy bath with foam crackles.

 

10-12

The thinly-sliced potatoes release a puff of steam.

The potatoes which are thinly-sliced release a puff of steam.

 

sweet-potato fries

tempura

 

13-14

They come out crispy brown and streaked with oil.

 

White Spot has ‘endless fries’.

 

“Coffee”

1-2 He sips at his coffee cup which is chipped along the rim.

She nibbled on the cookie.

Did you have dinner yet? I nibbled on something.

Chew your food!

She savoured the delicious dinner.

He savoured every minute of English class.

SLANG He scarfed down the burger. He wolved it down.

Don’t wolf your food!

You will choke.

 

3-5

The taste is bitter, acidic, and (also) faintly soapy.

He feels very bitter.

 

sweet, salty, sour, bitter

 

Life is bittersweet.

 

Wasabi goes into your sinuses.

 

6-8

There is a brown film on the inside of his cup.

The brown film is on the inside of his cup. denser

The film that is on the inside of his cup is brown. overwritten

 

 

 

 

 

 

9-10

He takes extra care so that he doesn’t spill any on his clothes.

He takes extra care to not spill any on his clothes.

He takes extra care because he doesn’t want to spill any on his clothes.

He takes extra care to avoid spilling any on his clothes.

 

She avoids driving in rush hour.

 

The coffee will stain his clothes.

 

There is stained glass in the church.

 

The dentist will polish the stains off your teeth.

 

She got a cleaning at the dentist office.

 

11-12

He is afraid that it might eat holes in the material. – funny

She likes weak milky coffee.

He likes strong dark coffee. He likes espresso.

She prefers decaf.

decaffeinated coffee, half-caf

Coffee upsets my stomach.

 

 

 

**

Animal Farm Chapter 5

Crossword

advocate(v) When you go to the doctor, you have to advocate for yourself.

If your child is not doing well in school, you can advocate for them.

advocate- lawyer

Sometimes you have to be a little bit pushy.

indifferent(adj)-

IDIOM He couldn’t care less.

 

crucial(adj)- very important, essential

 

gazing- looking for a time, relaxed, confortable, staring(negative)

That creep is staring at me.

gawking- staring in a creepy way

The young couple gaze into each other’s eyes.

 

unintelligible – can’t understand, incomprehensible

 

vague- not clear, not precise

 

astonishing(adj)- surprising, often in a negative way, shocking, unbelievable

 

flabbergasted(adj)- very surprised, unable to belief

 

Apple has made many innovations with cell phones.

innovate(v)- create something new

nova - new

The South African doctor innovated a new heart transplant procedure.

 

procured(v)- acquired, bought

It is difficult for Korean manufacturers to procure chemicals for the production of plastics.

It is challenging for the The Philippines to procure oil right now.

 

**

 

 

 

 

Chapter 6 Notes

 

  “worked like slaves” (40)

  Napoleon announces voluntary work on Sunday or “rations reduced by half”

ration- daily amount of food

misusing words intentionally, confuse the animals who not able to understand how they are being tricked

  windmill, major challenge breaking stones

  “desperate slowness” (41), “slow, laborious process” “exhausting effort”

  Boxer powerhouse/horse, get up earlier, tireless

  animals naturally better at some tasks (e.g.weeding)

 

  Napoleon opens trade (hay, eggs), employs Mr. Whymper, broker on commission

animals uneasy, going back on resolutions. Principles

  dogs growl, sheep bleat to silence dissenters (43)

  Squealer spins, lies, reshapes animals memories

spin(v) – to lie about the truth in order to fool people

  rumours Napoleon doing business with Mr. Pilkington or Mr. Fredericks (45)

 

  pigs move into farmhouse, sleep in beds

  Fourth Commandment amended (45)

  Squealer spins word 'bed'

  raises specter of Mr. Jones

  pigs sleeping in (46)

 

  animals proud of windmill, focus of labours, except Benjamin

  Napoleon blames destruction of windmill on Snowball

  plant evidence- footprints, Napoleon “pronounced them to be Snowball's” (48)

scapegoat – someone who you can blame, not actually guilty or responsible

 

FREE ADVICE #14: If you want to know where the problem is, go look

                  in the mirror. Only you can fix it. Don’t blame

                  anyone else. Don’t rely on anyone else.

 

  Napoleon commits to rebuild windmill

  At this point in the novel, the rebellion has been lost. Napoleon has taken over as a dictator.

**

P1 EF7/10/11 Class 32

 

- Medical Office Assistant program

- Newcomer Welcome Centre- free desktop computers available

 

 

Today’s Agenda

·      Attendance

·      “Self-Assessment Reflection” Week 7

·      Sentence combining work

·      Animal Farm Chapter 6

·      Check presentation progress (1pt)

·      Begin essay work

“The Bare Bones of the Five-Paragraph Essay”

“The Benefits of Cycling”

 

Friday, April 3

·      Statutory holiday

Good Friday

 

Monday, April 6

·      Statutory holiday

Easter Monday

 

Tuesday, April 7

·      Presentations 1

·      Animal Farm Chapter

·      Essay work

 

Wednesday, April 8

·      Presentations 2

·      Animal Farm Chapter

·      Essay work

 

Thursday, April 9

·      Presentations 3

·      Animal Farm Chapter

 

Friday, April 10

·      Presentations 4

·      Animal Farm

 

Final week- essay, movie

Monday, April 13

Tuesday, April 14

Wednesday, April 15

 

Thursday, April 16

·      Optional replacement quiz and/or test

 

Friday, April 17- final day

·      One-on-one meetings, final marks and comments

 

Quarter 4 begins on Thursday, April 23rd.

 

 

**

Sentence Combining

Exercises for “French Fries”

 

Two ways to look at sentence combining:

1.coordination- compound  , SOBA   ;   ; TRANS,

2.subordination- complex   adv cl   adj cl   n cl

 

 

 

 

 

4. Then they are lowered. kernel

Look for new information- avoid repetition

5. The lowering is slow.

6. The lowering is into oil.

 

We decide how we want to combine these:

Then they are lowered.

slow

into oil

simple? compound? complex?

 

Then slowly they are slowly lowered slowly into oil slowly.

 

789 Their hot bath crackles and foams.

Their bath, which is hot, crackles with foam.

 

CREATIVE: Their hot bath makes it crackle and foam.

 

The potatoes release a puff.

thinly-sliced

steam

The thinly-sliced potatoes release a puff of steam.

 

They come out crispy brown and streaked with oil.

 

 

Coffee

1.    He sips at his coffee cup which is chipped along the rim.

He sips at his coffee cup with a chip along the rim.

She nibbled on the cookie.

 

 

2.    The taste is bitter, acidic, and faintly soapy.

acidic- tastes like acid

adj, adj, and adj.   PARALLEL

She washed and rinsed the dishes.

He didn’t rinse all of the conditioner out of his hair.

My hair got damp in the rain.

6-8There is a brown film on the inside of his cup.

There is a brown film inside his cup.

His teeth were stained from smoking. His fingers were stained from cigarettes. His shirt was stained with red wine.

Coffee leeched into out teeth.

 

9-10 He takes extra care so that he doesn’t spill any on his clothes.

He takes extra care so that he doesn’t to not spill any on his clothes.

He takes extra care to not spill any on his clothes.

He takes extra care to avoid spilling any on his clothes.

 

11-12 He is afraid that it might eat holes in the material. funny

joke- the coffee is bad coffee- it might burn a hole in his clothes

 

material- the fabric of clothing: cotton, silk, wool, fur, polyester, nylon, fleece, leather,

 

 

“Sentence Combining Sheet 1”

1.    The object looks long. kernel

The object looks thin.

The object measures about eight inches in length.

simple, compound, complex, compound-complex

 

COMPOUND       The object looks long and thin, and it measures about eight inches in length.

 

SIMPLE The object looks thin and about eight inches in length.

The long object looks thin and about eight inches in length. like?

 

The object looks long, thin, and measures about eight inches in length. XXX

NOT PARALLEL long(adj) thin(adj) measures(v)

 

COMPLEX The object which/that looks long and thin measures about eight inches in length. adj cl

The object which/that measures about eight inches in length looks long and thin. adj cl

 

Try some for homework. We will go over them on Tuesday.

 

 

**

Animal Farm Chapter 6

Crossword

admiration(n) admire(v)

commercial(adj)- business- buying and selling

compensate(v)- pay money that a person is owed

compensation(n)-salary, an amount of money that you are owed

ICBC compensation

sufficient- insufficient

 

Jack Ma lives an extravagant lifestyle.

My life is not extravagant.

 

invention- a new creation

 

invest(v) investment(n)- put money into a company or stocks to realize a profit

He invests $100 a month into RRSPs and TFSAs.

**

l  Chapter 6 Notes

 

  “worked like slaves” (40)

  Napoleon announces voluntary work on Sunday or “rations reduced by half”

misusing words intentionally, confuse the animals who not able to understand how they are being tricked

  windmill, major challenge breaking stones

  “desperate slowness” (41), “slow, laborious process” “exhausting effort”

  Boxer powerhouse/horse, get up earlier, tireless

  animals naturally better at some tasks (e.g.weeding)

 

  Napoleon opens trade (hay, eggs), employs Mr. Whymper, broker on commission

animals uneasy, going back on resolutions. Principles

  dogs growl, sheep bleat to silence dissenters (43)

  Squealer spins, lies, reshapes animals memories

  rumours Napoleon doing business with Mr. Pilkington or Mr. Fredericks (45)

 

  pigs move into farmhouse, sleep in beds

  Fourth Commandment amended (45)

  Squealer spins word 'bed'

  raises specter of Mr. Jones

  pigs sleeping in (46)

 

  animals proud of windmill, focus of labours, except Benjamin

  Napoleon blames destruction of windmill on Snowball

  plant evidence- footprints, Napoleon “pronounced them to be Snowball's” (48)

scapegoat – someone who you can blame, not actually guilty or responsible

 

FREE ADVICE #14: If you want to know where the problem is, go look

                  in the mirror. Only you can fix it. Don’t blame

                  anyone else. Don’t rely on anyone else.

 

  Napoleon commits to rebuild windmill

  At this point in the novel, the rebellion has been lost. Napoleon has taken over as a dictator.

**

Wednesday, 1 April 2026

P2 EF7/10 Class 31

 

Writing work coming up: essay writing

 

April 1st- April Fools’ Day

fun day-

You can play a trick on somebody in the morning, until noon.

Tell a fib, tell a lie- trick somebody

 

April fools!

 

-a few hundred years old-  

 

old calendar Europe- Julian Calendar- until late 1500s- New Years Day –

end of March

 

new calendar- Gregorian Calendar- modern calendar- New Years Day- January 1st

fun lie- fib

 

 

 

Today’s Agenda- April Fools Day

·      Attendance

·      Sentence combining work

·      Animal Farm Chapter 5 -quick

Crossword, Thought Questions

·      Quiz 2- short answer (final 35m)

 

Thursday, April 2

·      Sentence combining work

·      Animal Farm Chapter 6

·      Begin essay work

 

Friday, April 3

·      Statutory holiday

Good Friday

 

Monday, April 6

·      Statutory holiday

Easter Monday

 

Tuesday, April 7

·      Presentations 1

·      Animal Farm Chapter

·      Essay work

 

Wednesday, April 8

·      Presentations 2

·      Animal Farm Chapter

·      Essay work

 

Thursday, April 9

·      Presentations 3

·      Animal Farm Chapter

 

Friday, April 10

·      Presentations 4

·      Animal Farm

 

Final week- essay, movie

Monday, April 13

Tuesday, April 14

Wednesday, April 15

 

Thursday, April 16

·      Optional replacement quiz and/or test

 

Friday, April 17- final day

·      One-on-one meetings, final marks and comments

 

Quarter 4 begins on Thursday, April 23rd.

 

 

 

**

Sentence combining

 

Learned sentence types

SIMPLE

COMPOUND

COMPLEX

COMPOUND-COMPLEX

 

Essential sentence writing

Daily practice! Consistency. Slow and steady progress.

Everything is habit!

 

 

Sentence combining- take 3-4-5 short sentences, combine into one

 

GOAL- dense clear sentences -balanced

dense- a lot of information in a few words as possible

clear- easy to read and understand

 

 

 

 

 

BEGINNER-LEVEL EXAMPLE:

a.     Bill felt hungry.

b.    Bill had no lunch today.

 

Two approaches:

1. coordinate

2. subordinate

 

+COORDINATION- ‘co’- together- cooperate, coworker, colleague, collaboration

 

coordinated clauses- compound sentence

, SOBA   ;   ; TRANS,

 

a.     Bill felt hungry.

b.    Bill had no lunch today.

 

Bill felt hungry, so he had no lunch today. XXX

 

Bill had no lunch today, so he felt hungry.

 

Bill felt hungry, and he had no lunch today. Sound good?

Bill had no lunch today, and he felt hungry. Sounds better

 

Bill felt hungry; he had no lunch today.

Bill had no lunch today; he felt hungry.

 

Bill had no lunch today; therefore, he felt hungry.

 

 

Bill had no lunch today. Therefore, he felt hungry. 2 SIMPLES

 

Coordination is like a seesaw / teetertotter.

 

You can decide what kind of sentence you want. It is your decision. You are in charge.

Make sure you choose.

 

+SUBORDINATION- ‘sub’- under- subway, subtitle, subsitute, subcutaneous

subordinate clauses- complex sentence- adverb cl, noun cl, adjective cl

 

a.     Bill felt hungry.

b.    Bill had no lunch today.

COMPLEX SENTENCE

Bill felt hungry because he had no lunch today. adv cl

Bill felt hungry since/as he had no lunch today. adv cl

 

Bill, who had no lunch today, felt hungry. adj cl

Bill, who felt hungry, had no lunch today. adj cl

 

Bill said that he felt hungry because he had no lunch today. n cl adv cl

 

REMINDER:

Bill felt hungry because he had no lunch today. no comma

Because Bill had no lunch today, he felt hungry. comma

 

 

Bill thought that he was hungry because he had no lunch today. n cl adv cl

Bill thought that he was hungry because he didn’t have lunch today. n cl adv cl

 

 

Coordination and subordination

 

break fast

VOCAB breakfast- brunch – lunch - late lunch - early dinner- afternoon tea(British) – dinner/supper - late dinner/supper - midnight snack

 

high tea- fancy tea and cookies, cakes- Victoria- fancy hotel Empress Hotel-

 

Easy Sentence Combining Exercise

French Fries- pomme frite

pomme de terre- French ‘apple of the earth’

 

1. French fries are loaded into a basket.

2. The French fries are white.

3. The basket is wire.

 

 

1.    French fries are loaded into a basket. main sentence- kernel

 

Look for new information in the following sentences. Avoid repetition.

2. The French fries are white.

3. The basket is wire.

 

French fries are loaded into a basket, and the French fries are white. XXX REPETITIVE- not good writing

 

White French fries are loaded into a basket. Good

 

French fries which are white are loaded into a basket. Good? bit overwritten

 

 

French fries which are white are loaded into a basket which is wire. Unwritten- too much going on

 

White French fries are loaded into a wire basket. Better. Clear. Dense.

Dense and clear.

dense- lots of information in a short number of words

clear-easy to read

 

Rewrote- switch

A wire basket is loaded with white French fries. passive voice verb

 

 

You sentence writing should be dense and clear. Also, it must follow the sentence styles of English.

 

Voices in verbs- active voice, passive voice

active voice- most common- subject does the verb

She ate the chocolate.

 

passive voice- much less common- subject does not do the verb

The chocolate was eaten.

The chocolate was eaten by Fademah.

passive voice verb -longer and more complicate than active voice

ate- simple past tense active voice

was eaten – simple past passive voice

FREE ADVICE- Avoid passive voice. It sounds weaker then active voice.

It is also more complicated to write and harder to read.

 

Exceptions:

An old man was run over by a car at Knight and 41st this morning. passive voice

A car ran over an old man at Knight and 41st this morning. active voice

 

Something killed somebody in the park. XXX

Somebody was killed in the park. stronger

 

A teenager was killed in Central Park a few years ago.

 

The car was fixed by a mechanic.

 

An ice cream was eaten by us. XXX ineffective

We ate some ice cream.

 

I was stung by a bee. passive voice

A bee stung me. active voice

 

mosquito- sting

snake- bite a snake has fangs.

 

 

Let’s try some. Write the new combined sentence on your own paper.

Write your new combined sentence on your own paper.

 

 

 

 

**

Animal Farm Chapter 5 Notes

  Mollie increasingly disaffected

  traitor, consorting with Foxwood man, ribbons and sugar

  disappears, defector

 

  hard winter

  pigs planners

Snowball and Napoleon, constant disagreement, different camps

 

  Snowball brilliant speaker

  Napoleon, sheep followers, interrupt Snowball's speeches

 

 

  Snowball innovator, inventor

  Napoleon- biding his time, scheming

 

  Windmill, Snowball's dream for electricity, mechanization

  Napoleon pees on plans- rare bit of humour in novel

VOCAB gainsay(v)- to disagree only because you don’t like that person

Napoleon always gainsays Snowball.

 

  animals- two factions, except Benjamin

 

  Napoleon- train for defense

  Snowball- incite rebellion elsewhere

 

  vote about windmill- Snowball wins over animals with eloquence

  Napoleon's dogs run off Snowball, the puppies from Chapter 3

try to kill Snowball, but Snowball escaped by the skin of his teeth

 

  Napoleon suspends Sunday meetings, cancels voting, only special committee of pigs- make all the decisions

  Animals only “salute the flag” and sing “Beasts of England” (36) –ritualistic, human-like behaviour

 

  animals inarticulate, unable to form coherent ideas

  also intimidated by the dogs

 

IDIOM You are chicken- scared

IDIOM I don’t have a dog in this fight. It‘s not my business/problem.

MY IDIOM Not my circus. Not my monkeys.

SLANG – a bit impolite  He has no balls. He is afraid, not brave.

 

 

  Squealer sent to spin Napoleon and smear Snowball

  discredit Snowball, call into question role in Battle of the Cowshed

  raises specter of Mr. Jones coming back

  Squealer persuades them, dogs growl at them

 

 

 

 

Quiz 2- short answer with  “ “

 

Choose one question. Write a well-organized short answer of four to five sentences with quoted material, like we discussed yesterday.

 

1.    Why are the pigs the leaders of Animal Farm?

2.    Describe Boxer’s personality.