Thursday, 28 May 2026

P1 EF6 Class 25

 

Today’s Agenda

·      Attendance

·      Continue complex sentences- adverb clauses

Choose vocab to review for the quiz

Quiz 4 tomorrow

·      Midterm recommendations

·      New dialogue “Going to the Bank”

·      New verb tense – present progressive/continuous

 

Friday

·      “Self-Assessment Reflection” Week 5

·      Midterm recommendations

·      Quiz 4 (last 25m)

 

Monday

·      Talk about spoken presentations

·      Begin adjective clauses

·      Begin opinion writing

 

 

 

**

Continue complex sentences- adverb clauses

Exercises

Exercise 2?

12. while watching

when- at that time

When he got home, he made some supper.

 

 

 

 

while – two activities/actions happening at the same time

I was taking a nap while my sister was making dinner.

 

while – present progressive is a good verb tense, fits well

She fell asleep while she was watching a movie.

 

HIGHER LEVEL-VERY AUTHENTIC  She fell asleep while watching a movie.

 

I was taking a nap while my sister was making dinner. no comma

While my sister was making dinner, I was taking a nap. comma

 

She falls asleep every night around 11.

She fell asleep last night at midnight.

 

SPELLING fell feel

 

I am standing while you are sitting.

 

She falls asleep every night around 11 while she is listening to music.

 

WF word form sleep(v,n)  asleep(adj)

The dog is asleep. The dog is cute. The dog is brown.

 

The dog asleep. XXX

The dog V asleep.

The dog is/was/looks/seems to be asleep.

 

Sorry I am late here. XXX

Sorry I am late; I slept in.

IDIOM slept in – slept too long, overslept(v)

 

 

 

COMPOUND SENTENCES

I am late, I slept in. XXX COMMA SPLICE

FIXES

I am late because I slept in.

I am late since I slept in.

because = since *’because’ much more common, 96%

I am late; I slept in.

 

because SV

because of NOUN

 

I am late because of sleeping. XXX

 

I sleep at 10. XXX

I go to sleep/bed at 10.

I fall asleep at 10.

 

COMPOUND I am late, for I slept in.- grammatically fine, not authentic-sounding

,for – GRAMMAR BOOK

, SOBA

, FANBOYS

 

VERB go to sleep

 

while

We are at SHEC while our kids are at their schools.

She likes to listen to music while she is walking in the park.

Her phone rang while she was listening to music.

Her phone was ringing while she was listening to music.

 

She listens to music while her phone is ringing. STRANGE-SOUNDING

 

While I was watching TV, the earthquake was happened happened.

 

The door bell rang. The phone rang. once

The phone is ringing. over and over

 

The phone was rang.

 

The doorbell rang while the phone was also ringing.

Someone is ringing the doorbell.

 

Passive voice and active voice-

 

15. ever since     moved

ever since- feels like a long time

We have been waiting for the bus since 9:55. SIMPLE

We have been waiting for the bus ever since 9:35. SIMPLE

 

I have studied/ have been studying English ever since I came home. LONG TIME

 

Ever since Maris moved to Canada, she has been homesick.

Since Maris moved to Canada, she has been homesick.

ever since- emphasizes long time

 

Iran hasn’t had internet ever since the government cut it three months ago.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Let’s choose ten adverb words to review for the quiz. I will choose six of them.

1.    because

2.    when

3.    if

4.    before/after

5.    while

6.    until

7.    although

8.    unless

9.    whenever

10.                       since

 

Let’s choose ten vocab words to review for the quiz. I will choose six of them.

1.    cook(v,n)

2.    buy(v)

3.    watch(v,n)

4.    call(v,n)

5.    asleep(adj)

6.    tired(adj)

7.    homework(n)

8.    park(v,n)

9.    movie(n)

10.                       jealous(adj)

 

e.g. whenever jealous

Maria gets/is/feels jealous whenever her boyfriend talks to another lady.

Jon feels jealous whenever his friend gets a new phone.

jealous- envious

jealousy – envy

 

 

asleep   until

She was asleep until the alarm woke her up.

She was asleep until SV.

She was asleep until her husband came home.

 

cook unless

Maris will cook dinner unless her husband wants to.

We will cook on the barbecue unless it is raining.

 

 

 

Wednesday, 27 May 2026

P2 EF71011 Class 24

 

COMING UP IN A WEEK OR SO

- letter writing- business letter format, complaint letters, advocacy letters Amnesty International

 

This is the end of the fifth week. We only have four weeks left.

Those four weeks will go by quickly.

Time flies!

Time flies like an arrow.

bow and arrow

IDIOM Time flies when you’re having fun.

VOCAB IDIOM in the zone

‘in the zone’ – doing an activity that you really like, are skilled at, forget about the outside world, forget about everything, forget about time

 

She gets in the zone when she is playing video games.

He loses himself when he is running.

He is cross-eyed.

 

IDIOM get into something – become very interested in something

A lot of people have gotten into pickleball lately. present perfect vt

A lot of people are into pickleball now. simple present vt

 

Many people in China have been getting into snooker since a Chinese man won a big snooker championship.

 

A new complex in China just opened with 1000 pool tables.

I played a lot of pool in Nagano-shi. I wanted to learn how to speak Japanese.

 

She is into music. NOUN

He is into hiking. NOUN-GERUND

They are into playing piano.

 

 

 

Special celebration for Muslim people  

Eid- kill a sheep, donate, donate money

The Hajj – supposed to go to Hajj at least once in your life

in Saudi Arabia, city Mecca

 

religious pilgrimage- a trip that you take for religious reasons

 

Lourdes Cathedral – pilgrims go there hoping for a miracle

 

Tibetan pilgrims

 

secular(adj) – not religious

SHEC is a secular school.

 

Her daughter goes to Khalsa school/ Catholic school. They are religious schools.

 

You can go the long walk called Camino de Santiago in Spain. It is hundreds of miles long. It is an old pilgrimage route.

 

 

 

Today’s Agenda

·      Attendance

·      Continue complex sentences-adverb clauses

Choose vocabulary

Quiz Thursday

·      Midterm recommendations-

·      New article

·      Poetry

 

Thursday

·      Quiz 2

·      Midterm recommendations

 

Friday

·      Midterm recommendations

 

 

**

Adverb quiz tomorrow

Let’s choose ten adverb clause words to review.

1.    because

2.    if

3.    when

4.    whenever

5.    since- two meanings- because or time

6.    even though

7.    until

8.    in order to

9.    before/after

10.                       while

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Let’s choose ten words of vocabulary to review.

1.    skeptical(adj) not believing

She was skeptical about her son’s big story.

She though he was telling white lies.

IDIOM white lie- a small lie that will not hurt anybody

skeptical(adj) most common

 

2.    market(n) market marketing

3.    squander(v) waste

4.    mistake(n)

5.    overqualified(adj)

She is overqualified for the job.

underqualified(adj)

disqualified- not allowed to continue

The soccer team was disqualified from the tournament.

 

VOCAB tournament – a competition between many sports teams

round-robin tournaments, single-knockout tournaments, double-knockout tournaments

 

6.    integrate

7.    hurdle(n,v-rarely used)

8.    irrelevant(adj)

9.    credentials(n)- certificates, degrees, licences, diplomas, piece of paper, documents

10.                       expertise(n)- special, specific skills and abilities

expert(n,adj)

 

English was a big hurdle/challenge for her when she came to Canada.

The little kid hurdled over the fence.

 

She showed her credentials at the border.

 

**

Vocabulary Activities

 

P1 EF6 Class 24

 

We are finishing out 5th week. We have four weeks left/remaining. Those four weeks will go very quickly.

VOCAB left=remaining

I have only $10 left.

We have ten minutes left in the class.

left = left over

There are three cookies left/left over.

left / left over-  you had some and used some, a lesser amount is still there

 

There were ten cookies. I ate one. There are nine left.

 

She has three classes left at SHEC: English 12, Chemistry 12, and Math 11.

: colon  list of the things you are talking about

 

He has three jobs: delivery person, cook, and cashier.

They have two kids: a boy and a girl.

 

 

**SUMMER**

Summer term will be July 6 to Aug 7.

As of today, I will be teaching EF7/10 in Period 1.

Period 1 will be 8:30-12, Monday to Friday.

**

 

 

Today’s Agenda

·      Attendance

·      Return Test 1- narrative paragraph

Discuss

Refer to PLOs

Sentences-

simple, compound, complex

punctuation

verb tense

 

Optional RW for one point

Pass in today or first thing tomorrow.

 

·      Start midterm recommendations

 

·      Continue complex sentences- adverb clauses

Choose vocab to review for the quiz

Quiz 4 tomorrow

 

·      New verb tense – present progressive

·      New dialogue “Going to the Bank”

 

Thursday

·      Midterm recommendations

·      Quiz 4 (last 25m)

 

Friday

·      Midterm recommendations

 

 

 

Test 1

Dividers.

Take out several sheets of lined ruled paper.

Electronic devices and notes away.

Double space.

Full name, class and date top right corner

Title: Test 1

 

 

Write a narrative paragraph of at least 150 words on the following topic.

 

Write about a funny thing that happened to you when you were a kid.

 

Structure:

Grabber- 7 ways

Topic sentence- addresses the writing prompt, puts the paragraph on topic

Supporting sentences- tell the events of the story

Concluding sentence

(150 ww)

 

Sentence writing

EF6 PLOs

-Every sentence has to be simple, compound, or complex.

Big challenge!

 

e.g. COMPLEX ADV CL  

Because she was my best friend, I wanted to get her a birthday gift.

 

-Punctuation   period .   comma ,

-Capitalization

 

PUNC DETAIL – quoted words- direct reported speech

My mother said, “Where were you?”

I asked, “Can I play with my cousins by the lake?”

 

HIGHER LEVEL – CITATION Obama said that he would “engage in diplomatic discussion” with the president of Turkey.

 

 

 

 

 

-VT verb tense

simple present

simple past

simple future

present progressive/continuous

past progressive/continuous

present perfect- less used

 

Optional RW for one point.

Pass it in today or first thing tomorrow.

 

We have four weeks to work on this stuff and get better.

I am excited. I believe that you can make a lot of progress in a few weeks.

For most people, the knowledge is there; the ability to use that knowledge is weak. We can make it stronger.

 

 

 

 

**

Adverb clauses

Exercise 1

1.    until  finish

We can’t go to the party until you finish your homework.

My son isn’t allowed to play until he finishes his homework.

VERB allow – let

I allow my son to have friends over any time he wants.

I don’t allow them to smoke in my house.

 

CAUSATIVE VERB- learn next week

ask tell allow, etc.

He asked his sister to put some rice on.

The mother told her son to help put the groceries away.

 

 

 

2.    unless   want

I want to buy the car unless I don’t have enough money.

I want to buy the car if I have enough money.

I won’t help my daughter her unless my daughter she wants to help herself first.

Unless you need me for something, I want to go shopping tonight.

You won’t be healthy unless you want to be.

 

3.

Because of the traffic jam, we can’t arrive on time. SIMPLE

Because there is a traffic jam, we can’t arrive on time. COMPLEX

We can’t arrive on time because there is a traffic jam.

 

4.Since I have enough money, I can buy a new phone. because

I haven’t seen her since she bought a new house. when

 

5. I will call you when I get home.

When I was at home, she called me.

 

6. whenever   tired

You should take a rest whenever you get/are/feel tired.

take a rest = have a rest = take a nap

VOCAB nap= short rest, 15-30 mm

 

The dog barks whenever he sees a stranger.

 

7. before   holiday

Before the holiday, I cleaned my home. SIMPLE

Before the holiday began/started, I cleaned my home. COMPLEX

Before we go on holiday, we need to pack our bags.

Before the holiday ended, I stayed (at) home. XXX

I stayed home over the holiday. SIMPLE

 

8. After he left the party, he fell asleep on the lawn went home.

After we went to the party, we had a few drinks.

He didn’t drive his car because he had a few drinks.

 

9.I had a headache when I woke up.

The class was over when I arrived at school. I slept in.

IDIOM sleep in – oversleep, miss your alarm, sleep longer than usual

Mei likes to sleep in on the weekend. She likes to catch up on her sleep.

 

wake up

get up

 

In wake up when I wake up. I don’t set an alarm.

She has an internal alarm clock.

She is an early bird.

IDIOM The early bird catches the worm.  People who get up early are more successful. True?

 

He is a night owl.

 

 10. if   need

I can lend you some money if you need it.

 

11. Although the weather was chilly, she still wore a t-shirt.

 

12. We went hiking although it was chilly.

She went GERUND. She went shopping/running/dancing/fishing.

She is friendly although she is shy.

 

 

13. since  hardworking

Since he came to Canada, he has been hardworking. TIME

Since my teacher pressed/pushed me, I have been hardworking. REASON

 

14. as…as brother

as ADJ as

He is as tall as his brother (is).

He was as nice as his brother (is).

She is as smart as her mother (is). both still alive

She is as smart as her grandmother (was).

 

as long as - if

She wants to have a birthday party as long as her brother can be there.

 

15. ever since   moved

She has been homesick ever since she moved to the US.

VOCAB homesick(adj)

She feels nostalgic.

VOCAB nostalgic(adj)- sad/sweet  bittersweet feeling, remembering the past

Monday, 25 May 2026

P2 EF71011 Class 22

 

**

Summer term:

My assignment will be EF7/10 in Period 1, 8:30-12.

**

 

 

The pipes are banging.

 

COMING UP IN A WEEK OR SO

- letter writing- business letter format, complaint letters, advocacy letters Amnesty International

 

Eid Mubarak - Happy Eid!

 

Today’s Agenda

·      Attendance

·      Return Test 3- paragraph

Discuss

Optional RW for one point

·      Continue complex sentences-adverb clauses

Choose vocabulary

Quiz Thursday

·      Poetry?

 

Tuesday

I have a meeting to go to. Ginny will be here.

 

Wednesday- Eid, Muslim people

·      Talk about upcoming quiz on adverb clauses

 

Thursday

·      Quiz 2

·      Midterm recommendations, first half of class, first half of class

 

Friday

·      Midterm recommendations, first half of class, second half of class

 

 

 

 

**

Test 3

opinion writing

 

Structure

Grabber

Topic sentence

Supporting sentence – well-organzied points

Concluding sentence

(150+ words  150-200 sweet spot) – the best amount, the right placement

IDIOM the Goldilocks zone

The Earth is in a Goldilocks zone.

 

Quality of sentences:

EF7/Eng10/Comp11

-expectation is Proficient with sentence writing

-SIMPLE SENTENCES

-COMPOUND SENTENCES

-COMPLEX SENTENCES

 

-VERB TENSES and VERB FORMS

 

-PUNCTUATION , ; .

 

PLOs

Writing and Representing

C1-  quality of the sentencec

C5- “generate, develop, and organize ideas”

 

REMINDER: x/6  doubled 4/6  8/12

 

Optional RW for one point.

Pass in today or first thing tomorrow.

 

Example sentences:

They introduced her to some other seniors in the neighborhood.

Let me introduce myself.

I want to introduce myself to her.

 

They can help you to find a job for you. REP Choose one

 

This will allow you to build a strong networking in the new country.

as strong network   OR  strong networking

 

Your Canadian coworkers can teach about business culture/office culture in Canada.

business culture-

 

IDIOM show you the ropes- explain the culture or processes of a new job, teach a new person how to do the job., show a person how to get stuff done in a new country

 

two choices, both are them not ideal

There are pros and cons to both sides.

There is no clear best choice.

A coin has two sides.

 

 

 

**

Poetry

Talk about poetry on and off for a week or so. Test paragraph in week or so.

The test will not about poetry, more about some ideas form a poem that we read together.

 

Poetry Terms

 

Poetry is rich, evocative and often dense language.  Poetry has powerful sounds and meaning and evokes strong feelings in the reader.

 

Traditional poetry is arranged in lines and stanzas with regular rhythm and often rhyme.  A narrative poem tells a story.  A ballad is a narrative poem that often has a repeated refrain and is set to music.  Lyric poetry expresses the observations and feelings of a poet.  A sonnet is an example of a lyric poem.

 

Non-traditional poetry is also set up in lines and stanzas but does not have regular rhythm or rhyme.  Free verse is rhymed or unrhymed poetry without a set rhythmic pattern.  Rhythms in free verse can change at any time like the rhythms of natural speech, and lines can be of different lengths.  Concrete poetry is visual poetry which expresses meaning through shape or pattern.

 

An apple with a worm in it.

 

Rhyme is the use of similar sounds in words or phrases that appear close to one another in a poem.  Perfect rhymes are exact rhymes.  Close rhymes are words that sound somewhat but not exactly the same.  Eye rhymes are words that look the same but do not sound the same.  End rhymes are rhymes on the final syllable of the last word on a line.  The rhyme scheme is the plan by which the rhymes are organized within a poem.  A rhyming couplet is two rhyming lines that appear at the end of a poem, as in a sonnet.

 

perfect rhyme- tree/see   car/far

close rhyme- tree/say  car/fir

eye rhyme-

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

“A Poison Tree” William Blake

end rhyme

 

rhyme scheme

 

friend A

end     A

foe     B

grow  B

 

fears   C

tears   C

smiles D

wiles  D

 

night  E

bright E

shine  F

mine  F

 

stole   G

pole   G

see     H

tree    H

 

The rhyme scheme for “A Poison Tree” is AABB CCDD EEFF GGHH.

ABAB CDCD EFEF GHGH

ABCA BCDB CDEC, etc

 

A stanza is a group of lines forming a unit in a poem.  Many poems have stanzas with a fixed pattern and rhyme.  A stanza with four lines is a called a quatrain.  In other poems, stanzas vary in length and pattern and may or may not include rhyme.

 

Rhythm is the arrangement of stressed and unstressed syllables into a pattern.  Often the stress falls on important words.  Poets, and sometimes prose writers as well, use words with similarly accented syllables to create rhythm.  When the rhythm of a poem has a regular pattern, the pattern is called meter.  A foot is a basic unit of meter that gives a poem, or part of a poem, a particular beat.  An iambic foot is an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable, like a heartbeat.  Some common forms of rhythm, especially in traditional poetry, are iambic pentameter and iambic tetrameter

 

Canada – stressed syllable

 

iambic- heartbeat

 

iambic tetrameter

 

tetra= four, 4

tetrapak

Tetris- video game

 

iambic pentameter

heart beat rhythm , five heartbeats to a line

Shakespeare plays and sonnets

 

 

Imagery is language that appeals to any of the five senses or to a combination of these senses.  Poets and other writers use imagery to create vivid, clear images.

 

 

 

 

P1 EF6 Class 22

 

Today’s Agenda

·      Attendance

·      Finish “The Cost of Living”

·      Continue complex sentences- adverb clauses

Quiz 4 soon

·      New dialogue “Interviewing for a Job”

·      Test 1 – narrative paragraph (last 50m)

 

Tuesday

Ginny will be here. I will be away.

 

Wednesday

 

Thursday

·      Midterm recommendations

 

Friday

·      Midterm recommendations

 

 

 

**

Finish “The Cost of Living”

Vocabulary Preview

1.    median- middle,

In a group of numbers, the median is the number where half of the other numbers are higher, and half of the other numbers are lower.

2.    milestone- a big achievement, reaching a goal

When I arrived in Canada, that was a big milestone in my life.

 

 

 

3.    out of reach -unachievable, can’t achieve it

achievable, in reach, within reach

Finishing high school at SHEC is within reach for most of us.

WARNING: Keep out of reach of children.

4.    scarce(adj) very hard to find, not easily available

Medical masks were scarce during Covid 19.

scared(adj) afraid

scarce(adj) scarcity(n)

There was a scarcity of medical masks during Covid 19.

There is a scarcity of oil in the world.

abundance(n) abundant(adj)

Consumer confidence is high in Canada.

Consumer confidence is low in ABC Country.

VOCAB consumer confidence- how much people are willing to spend, how confident people are that the economy will stay strong

personal confidence- how you feel about yourself

 

Reading

Read this out loud.

I will read it out loud. We can talk about vocab. We can talk about pronunciation.

You can read some out loud for the class.

 

VOCAB household- the house and whoever is living in the house. suggest family, suggests closeness, roommates?

 

Census- counting the people who live in a country

 

VOCAB struggle(v,n) working hard, hard work

 

 

 

 

VOCAB goods(n) – things that you can buy, products that you can buy

good, bad(adj)

service(n) – you pay for someone to help you, do work for you

VOCAB purchase(v,n)- buy

VOCAB Inflation is skyrocketing in Iran right now.

The historical rate of inflation in Canada has been just over 3%.

 

VOCAB pandemic- a disease that spreads around the world, e.g. Covid19, Spanish Flu of 1918,

ebola- epidemic

 

VOCAB trillion- 1 000 000 000

1000 one thousand

1 000 000 one million

1 000 000 000 one billion

1 000 000 000 000 one trillion

 

VOCAB resources- things that you use,

Canada has a lot of natural resources such as oil, water, forests, etc.

Iran has tremendous oil and gas resources, plus gold.

agriculture, agricultural resources- growing crops

VOCAB borrowers- any person on company who borrows money, someone who has a debt

Are you debt-free?

mortgage, can loan, personal debts, credit card debt, etc.

 

VOCAB aim(v)- set a goal, make a plan

VOCAB stable(adj)- steady, not up, now down

 

 

 

 

 

VOCAB percentage %

VOCAB tend(v) usually will happen

It tends to rain a lot in Vancouver.

VOCAB necessity(n)- things that you need- food, shelter, water, clothing

necessary(adj)

VOCAB expenses(n) things that you have to pay for

expensive(adj)

 

VOCAB

economy(n)

economic(adj)

 

VOCAB greater(adj) bigger, larger, better

 

QUESTION

Is inflation always a bad thing? choose one

 

VOCAB catastrophe(n) disaster, a terrible thing that happens

The war in Iran has been a catastrophe for the Iranian people.

VOCAB phenomenon- something that happens, good or bad

 

VOCAB IDIOM the elements- being out in nature, outside with no shelter, weather

 

VOCAB plague- the Black Plaque- 13th century pandemic

plaque- pandemic

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Test 1

Dividers.

Take out several sheets of lined ruled paper.

Electronic devices and notes away.

Double space.

Full name, class and date top right corner

Write a narrative paragraph of at least 150 words on the following topic.

 

Write about a funny thing that happened to you when you were a kid.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Friday, 22 May 2026

P2 EF71011 Class 21

 

Today’s Agenda

·      Attendance

·      “Self-Assessment Reflection” Week 4

·      Retirement benefits in Canada

·      Different -poetry- Shakespeare, scene from Romeo and Juliet

DISTRIBUTE “Poetry Terms”  “Romeo and Juliet Act 1. Scene 5”

·      Continue complex sentences-adverb clauses

 

 

**

Retirement benefits in Canada- pots of money, in retirement

Normal retire age is 65. -same for men and women

Some people go early. Some people work forever.

Some people retire very young. Freedom 55!

 

Government benefits – paid monthly

-CPP Canada Pension Plan -based on your earnings over your whole life in Canada

Deductions CPP

CRA website- check your CPP estimator

You can take CPP at 60, 61, 62…70

 

-OAS Old-Age Security – based on how many years you have lived in Canada

65, 66,..70

 

-GIS Guaranteed Income Supplement – low-income seniors, $21000/yr

 

 

 

 

 

Retirement savings

RRSP Registered Retirement Savings Plan

-money that you save for our retirement

-tax break

You can take money from your RRSP before retirement, but there will be penalties and tax owed.

-         name a beneficiary

 

TFSA Tax-Free Savings Account  $7000/yr

don’t pay tax, capital gains

-         name a beneficiary

 

Non-registered savings- money you have already paid tax on

-         no tax implications for withdrawing non-registered savings

-bank account

-inheritance

 

You can talk to your bank about retirement savings. Alternatively, you can get a financial advisor. Also, you can do it yourself if you know what you’re doing.

 

Present enjoyment now VS future security

What is your priority? balance

 

The sky is the limit. You can achieve a lot.

Average life in Canada for women is 87.

Colonel Sanders- 73 when he became wealthy

 

 

 

 

 

 

**

Adverb clauses

*before

Get home before 10. SIMPLE

Don’t go out before I get home. ADV CL COMPLEX

 

*ever since- seems like a long time

He has played baseball ever since he was a kid.

He has played baseball since he was a kid.

 

I have saved up to buy things ever since I was a little kid.

 

save + up = save money to buy something specific

 

IDIOM Money burns a hole in his pocket.

 

She saves money in her piggy bank.

He has a change dish in the kitchen.

 

There is a tip jar at the cash register.

“Take a penny. Leave a penny.”

 

*until

She waited at home I until her friend called her.

I am waiting until my order comes.

I was waiting until my order came.

I will wait until my order comes.

 

*while- two things happening at the same time

I was cooking while my daughter was sleeping.

I was driving while I was listening to the radio. SWITCH

I was listening to the radio while I was driving.

 

*whenever- every time

The dog barks whenever a stranger passes by.

Whenever we have a test, we feel/get nervous/fearful.

Whenever you need help, (you can) call me.

flip over, switch around

 

*if

She will go to your party if you apologize to her.

 

*even if

She will not go to your party even if you apologize to her.

Even if I get 100% on the final exam, I will not pass the math class.

 

*unless

She will not go to your party unless you apologize to her.

She will go to your party if you apologize to her.

 

If I get 100% on the final exam, I will pass the math class.

Unless I get 100% on the final exam, I will not pass the math class.

 

Even though my dog is very lovely, I still like other dogs.

 

Even though it is warm today, some of the students wear neck scarves and toques.

 

Even though her English is really good, she still feels fearful about using it.

Even though she has a good life now, she still dwells on her unhappy past.

 

VOCAB dwell(v) – thinking about negative things in the past, can’t let go of the past

dwelling(n)- the place where you live

 

He likes puns.  puns- word jokes

 

Dad jokes.  bad jokes that dad tells you when you are a kid

 

*as if –  exxagarate the incident

She spends money as if she were a millionaire.

subjunictive mood- imagination not true

 

My son is crying as if he had broken his leg.

He is sleeping as if he were dead.

He talks as if he knows/knew everything.

 

The dog is acting as if no one has ever patted him before.

 

She is running the race as if her life depended on it.

 

*though(casual, talking) / even though / although

Although it is cloudy, it is still warm.

 

It is cloudy. It is warm, though.

 

Although she is working hard, she is still broke.

 

Her pockets are empty. She is broke. She doesn’t have two nickels to rub together.

 

1 cent -penny

5 cents- nickel

10 cents- dime

25 cents- quarter

100 cents- loonie

200 cents- toonie

 

 

*in order to

She is saving money in order to buy a good used car.

in order to V

Jun walks 20 minutes a day in order to V stay healthy/have a healthy body.

He is running down the sidewalk in order to catch the bus.

 

 

*so that

She is saving money so that SV she can buy a good used car.

 

 

*so… that

so big that

so tired that

so ADJ that