Tuesday, 28 July 2026

Summer EF7/10 Class 17

 

Summer English Foundations 7/Composition and Literary Studies 10

Good morning, everyone.

 

LEFTOVER Review causative verbs

 

Today’s Agenda

·      Attendance

·      Pass-in “’Dead Man’s Path’ Thought Questions” Name and class

·      Begin last verb tense- present perfect

“Top 100 Most Used Verbs in English”

Exercises

·      Begin “Dead Man’s Path”

 

Wednesday

·      Begin grabbers- paragraph structure

·      Continue verb tense- present perfect

·      Begin last kind of clause- complex sentences- adjective clauses

Quiz- adjective clauses Which day?

·      Continue “Dead Man’s Path”

 

Thursday

·      Continue last kind of clause- complex sentences- adjective clauses

·      Test 2 -paragraph on “Dead Man’s Path”

·      Essay work

 

Friday

·      “Learning Reflection and Goal Setting” Week 4

·      Vocabulary exercises

·      Essay work

 

FINAL WEEK

Monday – Holiday BC Day

No school

 

Tuesday

Essay?

Wednesday

 

Thursday

·      Optional opportunity to do one replacement quiz and/or one replacement test

 

Friday- Final day

Marks due by 9am

Non-instructional day

No quizzes or tests

One-on-one conferences about final reports

**

Next verb tense- present perfect

 

Verb tenses:

SIMPLE- simple present, simple past, simple future

PROGRESSIVE- present progressive, past progressive

 

Next verb tense – present perfect – very useful

 

present perfect – started in the past, continues up to now

 

perfect – doesn’t mean ‘Perfect!’, just a word, from Latin

 

PRESENT PERFECT – started in the past, continues until now

 

VERY COMMON USAGE of present perfect

 

Molly has lived in Vancouver since 1998. SIMPLE SENT

 

has lived – present perfect verb tense

 

has- auxiliary verb

lived- not past tense, participle

 

present      past             participle

go                went           gone

live              lived            lived            - confusion

 

 

COMMON ERRORS

Molly lives in Vancouver since 1998. XXX

Molly lived in Vancouver since 1998. Very casual talking, not very high English level

 

Molly has lived in East Van since 2014. High English level, school writing

 

Sentence types:

Molly has lived in East Van since 2014. SIMPLE SENT

Molly has lived in East Van since she moved here in 2014. COMPLEX- ADV CL

 

How are the quizzes going? How are the tests going?

Goal to attain Proficiency in sentence writing at an EF7 level.

 

She has been in Canada for two and a half years. SIMPLE SENT

is       was   been

She has been in Canada since her family relocated from Tunisia.

COMPLEX SENT

VOCAB relocate(v)- move

The ice cream store relocated to Fraser Street.

 

 

She has come to Canada since 2023. XXX

FIX

She came to Canada in 2023.  simple past

He arrived in Canada in 2023. simple past

 

PHRASAL VERBS verb + prep

*prepositions

come to a place

arrive in a place

She has moved since 2023. XXX

FIX

She moved here in 2023.

She moved here when she was young. COMPLEX SENT- ADV CL

 

She has lived here since she was young. COMPLEX SENT- ADV CL

 

They have moved in this city for 10 years. XXX

FIX

They have lived in this city for 10 years.

They have moved in this city for 10 years.

They moved to this city 10 years ago. 

ago- simple past

We had a break 20 minutes ago.

He called his sister two weeks ago.

 

VERB TENSES

She has lived in Canada for six months. PRESENT PERFECT   

She has been living in Canada for six months. PRESENT PERFECT PROG

Is there a big difference?

*Recall simple present and present progressive

Jun lives in Burnaby. sounds/suggest permanent

Jun is living in Burnaby. sounds/suggest temporary

 

She has lived in Canada for six months. sounds/suggest permanent

She has been living in Canada for six months. sounds/suggest temporary

 

I have studied English for ten years.

I have been studying English for ten years.

 

I have lived in Vancouver for 30 years.

She has painted / has been painting since she was a kid.

 

I have been in Vancouver for 30 years. I have been living in this neighbourhood for only two years.

 

Reza has been a lifeguard since he was a teenager. Now he is working at Richmond Aquatic Centre.  He has been working there for one year.

Travel

I have been to Paris three times. I went in 2009, 2012, and 2023.

Two days ago, my friend went to Paris. She has been in Paris since Sunday.

 

I was in Paris three times. everybody will understand, not the best choice, casual talking

 

prep- tricky, no rules

You go to a place. You are in a place.

 

My son has been in Hawaii for ten days.

 

We went to XYZ Restaurant last night.

I have been there. I have been to that place.

 

I’ve been there. CONTRACTION

 

IDIOM showing empathy, being an understanding friend

I understand. I’ve been there. – I have had that experience, too.

 

Do you have a feel for present perfect? Could you use it in your daily

English?

 

I have been living in Vancouver since six years ago.

I have been living in Vancouver for six years. AUTHENTIC

I have been living in Vancouver since 2020. AUTHENTIC

 

ago- simple past indicator

I moved here six year ago.

 

The ventriloquist dummy/doll was creepy.

VOCAB uncanny valley- weird feeling- animated / AI human face looks not quite right

creepy dolls- weird, spooky, unnerving

 

 

**

“Top 100 Most Used Verbs in English”

-most used verbs

-photocopy is a bit grainy, but legible

 

14. see   saw   seen

Jun has seen Ulysses already. present perfect

 

6. can  

 

 

46. play   played   played

Ron has played ukulele since he was a kid. present perfect

Misha has played volleyball since high school. present perfect

Justin has played PlayStation since he was a kid. present perfect

 

Multitasking is a lie.

 

The actor has played the same role in 20 movies.

 

66. learn

The old man has learned/done/practiced/studied martial arts since he was a little kid.

 

martial arts- karate, taichi, taekwondo, judoi, jujitsu, boxing?

 

He has been learning English since 2020.

The doctor has been practicing medicine since 2016. She has a medical practice in Burnaby.

 

I have done all of the chores.

 

They had a volleyball practice. Then they played the game.

 

 

 

 

She plays volleyball/hockey/baseball/basketball/ team sports/water polo.

 

She goes swimming/cycling/skiing/hiking/running/skating/ rollerblading/jogging/camping.

 

70. They have watched every episode of Friends.

 

There were 10 episodes per season. The series ran for 12 seasons.

 

86. consider – think about

Mei has been considering/thinking about whether to stay in Vancouver or move to Calgary where her family lives.

Are you considering leaving Vancouver?

 

-whether to go or stay

She is in a Zoom meeting in/at the park.

She is in a Zoom meeting on the ferry.

We are at the party.

I’m going to wind up in/at the hospital.

IDIOM wind up- in the end

She lived in Seattle for years, but she wound up in Vancouver.

 

Jun wanted to be a doctor, but she wound up being a lab tech.

I wanted to go to Yale, but I wound up at Langara.

 

He didn’t have much grit.

VOCAB grit(n) – the ability to keep going through tough times

She has a lot of heart.

has heart- has determination, grit

The soccer player does not have the best skills, but she has a lot of heart. She has a lot of spirit. She has grit.

-keep going even when things are not looking good

 

flattery-

IDIOM pump your tires

RUDE IDIOM kiss your ass

I have to kiss the boss’ ass to get a promotion.

He is an ass-kisser.

 

He is the teacher’s pet.

She is a snitch. He is a rat.

You ratted me out. – told somebody in authority the mistake you made

sibling rivalry-

 

IDIOM apple of my eye – someone you adore

My daughter is the apple of my eye.

 

 

·      “Dead Man’s Path” short story

·      Chinua Achebe- African writer, Nigeria

English 12- very popular novel Things Fall Apart, Chinua Achebe

 

Chenua Achebe- student – educated in English, British-style schools

history- British

poetry-British

literature- British

 

-became a writer, wanted to write about Nigeria, Africa

-give voice to his people

-chose to write in English

 

 

 

-themes of colonialism and oppression are all through his work

colonialism- colony

 

oppression -someone works to take your rights away, keep you down

oppress(v)-

e.g. Women are oppressed in many countries.

 

VOCAB IDIOM I have no frame of reference to understand your situation.

We have a shared frame of reference.

 

 

Big question: Does a teacher from away have to respect the culture of the local students, even if the teacher isn’t part of that culture?

 

IDIOM When in Rome, do as the Romans do.

-change, adapt to local ways customs, behaviour

 

Bigger question: Deeper level question: Does a person in a position of authority who comes from a different culture have to show respect for the local culture?

 

 

News item- Indonesia, Dutch business people, running club

Story about colonialism on a deeper level

A powerful group or people moving in and taking over.

Canada’s relationship and history with First Nations Peoples

-thematic similarity

theme – deep message about human nature

 

**

Let’s get into some buzz groups of 5-6 people. Let’s discuss the “Thought Questions”. We can report out later.

 

 

Monday, 27 July 2026

Summer EF7/10 Class 16

 

Summer English Foundations 7/Composition and Literary Studies 10

Good morning, everyone.

 

REMINDER
P1 and P2 EF7/10/Comp11

80% the same as this course.

 

You can register in self-paced at any time. Self-paced does not full up like regular classes. There is no cut-off.

For example, you can register for self-paced and begin the same day.

I got the information from the horse’s mouth.

IDIOM from the horse’s mouth

The advisors are super busy, so wait a week or so. Then send them an email.

You do self-paced as quickly or as slowly as you want.

 

Most people need someone to motivate them to do the work.

 

Today’s Agenda

·      Attendance

·      First day of registration for September

The email with the link for registration will be send soon.

·      NEW VERB “Causative Verbs”

·      Listening fun exercise

 

Tuesday

·      Begin last kind of clause- complex sentences- adjective clauses

·      Begin “Dead Man’s Path”

·      Begin verb tense- present perfect

·      Begin grabbers- paragraph structure

 

Wednesday

·      Continue grabbers- paragraph structure

·      Continue verb tense- present perfect

·      Continue last kind of clause- complex sentences- adjective clauses

Quiz- adjective clauses Which day?

·      Continue “Dead Man’s Path”

 

Thursday

·      Continue last kind of clause- complex sentences- adjective clauses

·      Test 2 -paragraph on “Dead Man’s Path”

·      Essay work

 

 

Friday

·      “Learning Reflection and Goal Setting” Week 4

·      Vocabulary exercises

·      Essay work

 

FINAL WEEK

Monday – Holiday BC Day

No school

 

Tuesday

Essay?

Wednesday

Essay?

 

Thursday

·      Optional opportunity to do one replacement quiz and/or one replacement test

 

Friday- Final day

Marks due by 9am

Non-instructional day

No quizzes or tests

One-on-one conferences about final reports

 

Causative Verbs

 

cause- cause and effect

 

Causative verbs make other verbs act.  They cause actions to occur.

 

Both of the previous sentences contained causative verbs.

 

“Causative verbs make other verbs act.  They cause actions to occur.”

e.g. make

I made my son clean up his room

V causes V

‘made’ causes ‘clean’

 

The most frequently-used causative verbs are as follows:

 

help, tell, ask, allow, invite, motivate, encourage, get, convince, persuade, hire, assist, permit, force, require. etc.

 

Other ones are let and make.

 

Which of these causative do you know already?

 

Examples:

-help= special- both ways are fine, same meaning, choose either way or use both

I helped my sister to do her project.

I helped my sister do her project.

 

 

-tell

I told my friend to stop crying.

I told my friend stopping crying. XXX

 

-help

I help my sister (with her homework). (prepositional phrase)

I help my sister with V her homework. SIMPLE SENTENCE

I help my sister to do/ do/ to finish / finish / to complete / complete her homework. CAUSATIVE VERB

 

-ask

Mei asked her sister to pick up her kids at school.

I ask my friend to close the window.

She asked her sister to use her car.

ALTERNATIVE

She asked her sister if she could use her car.

 

-invite

I invited my friend to come to my party. CAUSATIVE

I invited my friend to come to my party.

I invited my friend (to my party). NOT CAUSATIVE- prep phrase

 

*I invited my friend to come to my party. CAUSATIVE

*I invited my friend to my party.

*Meaning seems about the same. Your choice.

 

-motivate(v)- give someone a reason to act

motive(n) reason, goal

Shira motivated me to achieve my goals.

Mika motivates herself every day  to strive in her work.

VOCAB strive(v) work hard, attempt with enthusiasm

 

The coach motivated the players to do better in the second half..

 

-encourage-

VOCAB courage(n)- bravery, fortitude, inner strength

courageous(adj)

The courageous cat scared the bear away.

VOCAB determination(n)- the drive to keep going, never quit

determined(adj) She is very determined to get into Langara.

 

-encourage

My mom encourages me to keep studying.

I encourage adult students to use English outside of the classroom.

Visa and Mastercard encourage people to spend money that they do not have.

 

get- might be an unusual usage for you, AUTHENTIC USAGE, WILL NOT BE IN GRAMMAR BOOK

She got a new pair of glasses. SIMPLE

CAUSATIVE got- make/ask

I got my daughter to pick me up at the airport. ask/make

I got my hairdresser to cut my hair.

I got my hairdresser to give me a perm.

VOCAB perm- permanent- wave or curl in your hair that lasts several months

She got her hairdresser to colour her hair.

colour- dye

The teacher gets the class to put away their phones away during tests.

 

 

 

convince- persuade, talk somebody into doing or thinking something

I couldn’t convince the salesperson to give me a 20% discount.

I couldn’t convince the client to buy the product.

I couldn’t convince my son to don’t not use the phone all the time.

ALTERNATIVES

I couldn’t convince my son not to use the phone all the time.

I couldn’t convince my son to stop using the phone all the time.

 

 

I couldn’t convince my teacher to give me high marks.

 

My friend is trying to convince me to join the church.

 

-persuade

I persuaded my mother to let me go on a trip. two causative verbs

The little kid persuaded his mother to buy him some candy.

 

-hire- give a job

She hired a guy to mow her lawn.

We hired a tutor to help my son with his math.

The elderly man hired a personal trainer to create a weight-lifting program for him.

 

assist

Dr. Jeffry Life assists people to get into the best shape of their lives.

IDIOM She is in the best shape of her life. She is ripped.

 

IDIOM rip off- cheat or take money

The new iphone for $1500 seems like a rip-off to me.

$1500 – one thousand, five hundred    fifteen hundred

 

 

assist(v)- help, give assistance to BUSINESS FEEL, JOB FEEL

helper assistant

The advisors assist students to register for courses.

The salesperson assisted my mother to choose a basic cell phone.

The nurse assisted the patient to get out of the hospital bed.

A CDA assists a dentist to treat patients.

CDA- certified dental assistant

VCC CDA Program - 99% women

 

-assist(n)- sports, goals

My teammate got an assist on my goal. I got the goal. She got the assist.

Her bicycle has power assist. It is an ebike

 

-permit(v)- allow OFFICIAL SOUNDING, LAW

You are not permitted to enter/park/smoke.

The city does not permit you to put a fence over four feet tall in your front yard.

 

permit(n) – permission

She buys a monthly parking permit.

 

PRONUNCIATION

permit(v)

permit(n)

 

Kermit’s permit permits him to park his car.

Kermit the Frog

Miss Piggy

 

-force- very strong, make somebody do something against their will force my two gerbils to exercise.

He forces his kids to study hard.

I used to force my kids to practice piano. Now they hate piano.

The Canadian government forced Indigenous people to learn English.

I sometimes have to force my dog to go to the park.

Coyotes are dangerous to small animals.

Coyotes hunt in packs.

pack- a group of dogs, coyotes, wolves

- a pride of lions

- a herd of horses, cows, sheep, goats

 

 

baby sheep- lamb

baby goat- kid

baby dog- puppy

baby cat- kitten

baby horse- foal

baby cow, elephant, whale- calf

baby fish- fry

baby frog- tadpole

Some people eat frogs legs.

baby kangaroo- joey

 

A scientific study suggests that if you look are pictures of cute animals before a test, you will do better in the test.

 

 

 

 

-require(v)- to be necessary

You are required to have English 12, Chemistry 12 and Math 12 to get into BCIT.

We are required to bring our passports when we travel by air.

passive voice

 

The law requires you to have your drivers license when you are driving a car.

active voice

 

SPECIAL

let- allow

make- like ‘force’

 

let- allow

Mei allowed her kids to play video games for two hours.

Mei let her kids to play video games for two hours.

Mei let her kids play video games for two hours.

‘let’ is much more high-frequency

 

He let you borrow his car.

He allowed you to borrow his car.

 

She lets her dog sleep on her bed.

She allowed her dog to sleep on her bed.

 

MANDARIN ‘let’ – bigger meaning than in English

 

-make – like ‘force’, less strong

I made my kids brush their teeth when they were little.

UBC didn’t make me take second-year Spanish because I am a native Spanish speaker. I did a challenge exam instead.

The grade one teacher made the kids sit down.

 

SIMPLE FUTURE

I will persuade Joe to come to the party.

I will get someone to fix the door.

Hollie will ask/tell her to teach Comp 12 in November.

 

Let’s take a few minutes a practice. Let’s write some sentences with causative verbs from our own imagination. Please work together if you like.

 

 

 

 

 

motivate

 

 

 

She motivated herself to learn Spanish.

 

 

 

The grammar is as follows:

SUBJECT + causative verb + OBJECT + infinitive.

I told my daughter to put the dishes away.

 

help

 

SPECIAL ‘let’ ‘make’

SUBJECT + causative verb + OBJECT + base verb.

I let my daughter play video games for an hour.

He made the dog sleep downstairs.

 

 

EXAMPLES OF CAUSATIVE VERBS

The mother convinced her shy son to play with the other kids.

The salesperson convinced the customer to buy a luxury car.

I convinced my husband to go to the doctor.

I encourage myself to improve my English.

Kokob hired a plumber to fix my sink.

She was hired by the boss to finish the project. passive voice

I hired a lawyer to represent/advocate for me in court.

We made the kids clean up their rooms.

She let her son have two desserts.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Listening fun

1.

one tenth 1/10

 

 

 

 

 

1.    What is one tenth of 40?  1/10

2.    What object is hidden for a short time during a lunar eclipse?

lunar- moon   solar-sun

3.    Why can’t plants grow at night?  no sun, photosynthesis

4.    Which produces light: a star or a planet?

5.    How much is 14 + 15 +16? 

 

fractions

¼ - one fourth, one quarter

1/3 – one third

2/3 – two thirds

¼ - one quarter

¾ - three quarters

½ - one half

3/5 – three fifths

 

6.    Which will dissolve in water: salt, sand, or gravel

pebbles -round smooth rocks, gravel- rough angular rock

7.    What is 10% of 100.

8.    How many strings are on a violin?

9.    Does the sun rise in the west or in the east?