Friday, 27 February 2026

P1 EF71011 Class 18

 

Today’s Agenda- end of 4th week

·      Attendance

·      “Self-Assessment Reflection” Week 4

·      Finish “Parallelism”

·      Begin final kind of sentence “Compound-Complex Sentences”

·      Continue “Dead Man’s Path”

 

Monday

·      Continue final kind of sentence “Compound-Complex Sentences”

·      Continue “Dead Man’s Path”

Prepare for Test 4

 

 

 

*Tuesday, March 10

Opportunity to replace one quiz, test, both or neither

 

*Wednesday and Thursday, March 11 &12

Midterm recommendations

 

 

 

**

Exercise 2- More challenging sentences.

Fix the parallelism error in each sentence. Write the corrected sentences on your own paper.

1.    The manager values honesty, to work hard, and employees who are creative.

The manager values honesty, hard work, and creativity. nouns

What kind of words do you want?

wf- word form- noun, adjective, verb, adverb

honesty(n)   honest(adj)   ?(v)   honestly(adv)

 

The manager values employees who are honest, work hard, and are creative. adj cl

 

hard work (adj+noun)           She doesn’t mind hard work.

work hard (verb+adv)            She works hard.

                                                   She is working hard.

hardworking (adj)                  She is hardworking.

 

 

 

verb tenses:

EF1

simple present

simple past

EF3

simple future

EF4-5

present progressive/continuous

past progressive

present perfect

present perfect progressive

 

2.    She decided to apply for the scholarship, attending the interview, and that she would submit her portfolio early.

What kind of words do you want?

She decided to apply for the scholarship, decided to attend the interview, and decided to submit her portfolio early. REP

She decided to apply for the scholarship, to attend the interview, and to submit her portfolio early.

She decided to apply for the scholarship, attend the interview, and submit her portfolio early. IMO- most authentic sounding

 

ADVICE: Aim for brevity. Make your writing as compact as possible. Eliminate REP repetition wherever possible.

 

3.    The new policy aims to reduce costs, improving efficiency, and customer satisfaction should increase.

The new policy aims to reduce costs, improve efficiency, and increase customer satisfaction.*

*beautiful balanced, parallel structure

 

 

 

4.    He enjoys hiking in the mountains, to swim in the ocean, and long bicycle rides.

What kinds of words do we want?

He enjoys hiking in the mountains, swimming in the ocean, and riding bicycles. gerunds

He enjoys hiking in the mountains, swimming in the ocean, and biking/cycling long distances. gerunds

He enjoys likes to hike in the mountains, to swim in the ocean, and to bike/ to cycle long distances. infinitives

He enjoys mountain hiking, ocean swimming, and bicycle riding.

He enjoys mountain hiking, ocean swimming, and long-distance bicycling/cycling.

He enjoys hikes in the mountains, swims in the ocean, and long rides on his bicycle. nouns

She swims in the pool.

She goes for swims in the pool. noun

He goes for hikes. noun

We will go for a 10-minute break.

 

5.    The professor expected students to complete the assignment on time, participating in class discussions, and that they conduct independent research.

The professor expected students to complete the assignment on time, (to)participate in class discussions, and (to) conduct independent research.

 

He expected you INFINITIVE.

He expected you to clean up the kitchen.

You expect your kids to be polite, respect others, and be honest.

 

 

 

6.    The charity focuses on providing food to families, education for children, and to support healthcare programs.

The charity focuses on providing food to families, education for children, and healthcare programs. nouns

The charity focuses on providing food to families, educating children, and supporting healthcare programs. n-gerunds

 

provide(v)

providing(n-gerund)

is/was/are providing(v)

 

AREA FOR FURTHER INVESTIGATION gerunds

 

7.    The job requires strong communication skills, being able to solve problems quickly, and attention to detail.

The job requires strong communication skills, quick problems solving, and attention to detail. nouns

The job requires strong communication skills, quick problems solving, and detailed attention.

 

If you find this boring, you may not like university.

 

8.    She is known for her leadership abilities, to mentor younger colleagues, and inspiring confidence in others.

She is known for her leadership, mentoring/mentorship of younger colleagues, and inspiration to others. missing ‘confidence’

 

She is known for her leading teams/coworkers, mentoring younger colleagues, and inspiring confidence in others.

 

She is known for her ability to lead, mentor younger colleagues, and inspire confidence in others.

 

IDIOM Winner, winner, chicken dinner.

 

She is known as a leader, a mentor, and an inspiration.

My mother is an inspiration to me.

 

9.    The committee plans to review the proposal carefully, discuss possible revisions, and take a final vote. verbs

 

DIFFERENT MEANING

discuss possible revisions

discuss revisions possibly

a final vote

vote finally

 

A final vote will be taken.

 

Don’t despair. Keep working. Don’t give up.

I am psyching myself up. I am motivating myself.

 

10.                       Success in life depends on working hard, that you stay

determined, and having clear goals.

Success in life depends on working hard, staying determined, and having clear goals. verbs

 

Success in life depends on hard work, determination, and clear goals. noun

 

determination- perseverance

 

 

 

 

 

**

Short stories for adult learners of English

 

-regular short story- might be too hard

-children’s stories- too childish

 

challenge to find easy short stories that are mature

 

VPL – young adult fiction- young teenagers

Talk to the librarian.

**

 

 

 

**

Let’s change gears.

Let’s get into our chat groups (4-5 people)

We can discuss “Dead Man’s Path Thought Questions”

 

 

 

**

Test 3

Divider

Phones, devices away

You can have your story out for the test.

 

Write a paragraph of least 150 words on the following topic. Include quoted material.

 

 

Why did Mr. Wei, the teacher, choose to confess his mistake to his class of students?

 

 

 

 

 

**

Return Test 3

 

Thursday, 26 February 2026

P2 EF710 Class 17

 

Today’s Agenda

·      Attendance

·      Distribute “Thought Questions” for Animal Farm

·      “Parallelism”

·      Begin “Dead Man’s Path”

 

Friday- end of 4th week

·      “Self-Assessment Reflection” Week 4

·      Begin final kind of sentence “Compound-Complex Sentences”

·      Continue “Dead Man’s Path”

·       

 

Monday

·      Continue final kind of sentence “Compound-Complex Sentences”

·      Continue “Dead Man’s Path”

Prepare for Test 4

 

Link to the text: https://www.arvindguptatoys.com/arvindgupta/orwellanimalfarm.pdf

We will begin our novel later next week.

Starting late next week, we will do approximately one chapter a day. There are 10 chapters. Add a few days for test, essay, etc.- I expect we we get in done in three weeks.

 

DISTRIBUTE “Thought Questions Chapters 1-10”

 

Later next week, we will begin the novel Animal Farm. We should get it done in three weeks of so.

I will pass out the novels early next week. Usually, students have pay to use the novels. They have to leave a deposit in the office. I am not going to do that. I will hand out the novels to you. I trust that you will take care of them and return them to me.

If you decide to leave the class, please give me my novel back.

I will email you a link for a pdf of the novel if you want to get started on it.

Link to the text: https://www.arvindguptatoys.com/arvindgupta/orwellanimalfarm.pdf

 

Please prepare Chapter 1 for the middle of next week. The plan is to do one chapter a day.

You can read ahead and prepare ahead.

If you print it out, you can write all over it with your notes.

 

Hopefully you will take this as an opportunity to read a fun but serious novel in English. It will be a challenge.

 

Some of you may be familiar with it already, in another language.

Longman? ESL rewrites of hard English novels

Charles Dickens Great Expectations

 

Novel about animals taking over a farm from the farmer. Then they run their own farm. Will they be successful?

 

It sounds like a children’s story. It has deep themes, deep ideas.

 

Audiobook – effective way to learn English

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kc78arfcmRo

 

movie version- We will watch the British animation (1954) in class on the last day.

 

 

 

 

 

novel- fiction- a made-up story

non-fiction- history, biography, science, psychology, memoir, autobiography

 

biography  bio graph y

bio - life

biology – the study of life

graph- a picture

 

autobiography-

auto- self

 

automobile-

auto- self

mobile- move

 

automatic

matic- machine

 

studies

biology

geology  geo- the earth

geography- pictures of the earth

psychology- psyche- the mind

sociology- societies

seismology

physiology- physio-the body

anthropology

criminology

kinesiology- kinesiologist

 

Latin roots

 

aquarium- aqua-water   rium-room  

egocentric(adj)-  ego- centre

He is egocentric. He is narcissistic. He is self-absorbed. He is self-centred.

absorb- soak up water, soak up information

Is she self-aware?

 

She is generous, thoughtful, considerate, etc.

community-minded, helpful, kind, selfless, caring, etc.

 

Narcissus- Greek myth

Echo-

 

Trump is a narcissist.

He is narcissistic.

 

 

**

 

Exercise 1- Easier sentences.

Fix the parallelism error in each sentence. Write the corrected sentences on your own paper.

1.                She likes reading, to swim, and biking.

She likes reading, swimming, and biking. gerunds ‘ing’ nouns

She likes to read, (to) swim, and (to) bike. infinitives

 

2.                He is smart, hardworking, and has kindness.

He is smart, hardworking, and kind. adj

 

3.                My goal is to graduate, getting a good job, and I want to travel.

My goal is to graduate, (to) get a good job, and (to) travel.

My goals are graduating, getting a good job, and travelling. gerunds

gerund- ‘ing’ noun  e.g. Skiing is fun.

 

4.                The teacher asked us to finish the homework, to study for the test, and to review (the) notes.

The teacher asked us to finish the homework, study for the test, and review (the) notes.

 

He asked you INFINITIVE. He asked you to pick up the kids.

causative verbs- ask, tell, invite, get, advise, etc

She invited you to come for a hike.

causative- cause something else to happen

Tuesday, I told my daughter to put the dishes away.

 

Joke about Spanish people- Manana.

Spain has a relaxed vibe.

They take a siesta every day.

 

5.                They spent the day cleaning the house, cooking dinner, and watching movies.

6.                The new student is friendly, helpful, and caring about others.

caring- think about other people

She cares about others. She is very caring person. She is caring about others.

He is uncaring.

 

careful- avoid making mistakes, alert,

Keep your eyes open. Make wise decisions.

roofied- rufilin- drug that will knock you out

creeps- creepy guys – make you feel uncomfortable

 

7.                I enjoy to draw, painting, and to design clothes.

8.                She wants fame, to be rich, and being successful.

She wants fame, riches/wealth/money, and success.

She wants to be famous, to be rich, and to be successful.

She wants to be famous, to be rich, and to be successful.

She wants to be famous, to be rich, and to be successful. REP

 

9.                The dog was running in the yard, barking loudly, and chasing a squirrel.

The dog was running in the yard, was barking loudly, and was chasing a squirrel. REP

 

10.           He promised that he would study hard, to exercise daily, and eating healthy food.

He promised that he would study hard, exercise daily, and eat healthy food.

He promised that he would study hard, do exercise daily, and eat healthy food.

 

eat healthy food.  V ADJ N

eat healthily. V ADV

 

**

 

 

 

*Tuesday, March 10

Opportunity to replace one quiz, test, both or neither

 

*Wednesday and Thursday, March 11 &12

Midterm recommendations

 

 

 

 

 

 

**

Let’s change gears.

Let’s get into our chat groups (4-5 people)

We can discuss “Dead Man’s Path Thought Questions”

 

 

 

**

Test 3

Divider

Phones, devices away

You can have your story out for the test.

 

Write a paragraph of least 150 words on the following topic. Include quoted material.

 

 

Why did Mr. Wei, the teacher, choose to confess his mistake to his class of students?

 

 

 

 

 

**

Return Test 3

 

P1 EF71011 Class 17

 

Summer school - five weeks

Monday- Friday

First week of July to the first week of August (the schedule is not our yet).

The days are longer- 3½ hours a day.

Our class is 2¼ hours a day.

All of the classes will be in-class. There is no online, SP (self-paced) in the summer.

Normal secondary students can do VLN (Virtual learning Network). Ask an advisor. I’m not sure about it.

SP- 90%+ of all students do not finish, across all of BC.

 

self-motivated, self-directed – you can be your own teacher

Most of us need someone to push us.

coach, teacher, trainer- health, exercise, role model, tutor-one-on-one usually private teacher

 

Today’s Agenda

·      Attendance

·      Distribute “Thought Questions” for Animal Farm

Link to the text: https://www.arvindguptatoys.com/arvindgupta/orwellanimalfarm.pdf

We will begin our novel later next week.

Starting late next week, we will do approximately one chapter a day. There are 10 chapters. Add a few days for test, essay, etc.- I expect we we get in done in three weeks.

DISTRIBUTE “Thought Questions Chapters 1-10”

 

·      “Parallelism”

·      Begin “Dead Man’s Path”

 

Friday- end of 4th week

·      “Self-Assessment Reflection” Week 4

·      Begin final kind of sentence “Compound-Complex Sentences”

·      Continue “Dead Man’s Path”

·       

 

Monday

·      Continue final kind of sentence “Compound-Complex Sentences”

·      Continue “Dead Man’s Path”

Prepare for Test 4

 

Later next week- begin novel Animal Farm- next three weeks of so

I will pass out the novels early next week. Usually, students have pay to use the novels. They have to leave a deposit in the office. I am not going to do that. I will hand out the novels to you. I trust that you will take care of them and return them to me.

If you decide to leave the class, please give me my novel back.

I will email you a link for a pdf of the novel if you want to get started on it.

Link to the text: https://www.arvindguptatoys.com/arvindgupta/orwellanimalfarm.pdf

 

Hopefully you will take this as an opportunity to read a fun but serious novel in English.

Some of you may be familiar with it already, in another language.

Novel about animals taking over a farm from the farmer. Then they run their own farm. Will they be successful?

 

 

 

 

 

*Tuesday, March 10

Opportunity to replace one quiz, test, both or neither

 

*Wednesday and Thursday, March 11 &12

Midterm recommendations

 

 

 

**

Parallelism

 

Parallelism is a higher-level aspect of writing style. Parallelism means using words and phrases that are similar or in structure or form. This adds symmetry, strength, and balance to your writing.

 

parallel- geometry, algebra(Arabic), physics, math, mathematics, maths(UK), medicine

 

They led parallel lives.

 

parallel parking- parking between two cars

Parallel parking is tricky at first.

 

You can do a three-point turn.

You can do a U-turn.

 

 

Words, phrases, and clauses have to go together, just like clothes. If they don’t go together well, they clash. When your writing clashes with itself, readers lose confidence and they stop reading.

Make sure words and phrases in a series match within your sentences. Adjectives go with adjectives, nouns go with nouns, and verbs go with verbs- including verb tense. This is also true for adjective/noun combinations and clauses.

 

A few examples of parallelism within sentences:

1.                You need to work quickly and decisively.

adverbs

decisive(adj) able to make decisions

indecisive

He is a very indecisive person.

 

2.                This is not only just what I wanted, but also just what I needed. repetition- very effective

Fake it til you make it! parallel, also rhymes

No pain, no gain. parallel, also rhymes

Never say never.

Happy wife, happy life. parallel, also rhymes

 

3.                The municipal government needs to reduce spending/costs/ expenses/expenditures or raise taxes.

4.                She is sneaky and manipulative. adj

manipulative- uses emotion to control you,

passive-aggressive

 

5.                Mei was was very busy gathering the laundry, dusting the furniture and washing the dishes.

 

parallel structures

 

ageism- discrimination based on age

sexism- discrimination based on sex or gender

racism- discrimination based on race, colour, ethnicity

classism- discrimination based on social class, economics

nationalism

 

Exercise 1- Easier sentences.

Fix the parallelism error in each sentence. Write the corrected sentences on your own paper.

1.                She likes reading, to swim, and biking.

She likes reading, swimming, and biking. gerunds- ‘ing’ nouns

She likes to read, to swim, and to bike. infinitives

She likes to read, swim, and bike.

 

 

2.                He is smart, hardworking, and has kindness.

He is smart, hardworking, and kind. adj

 

3.                My goal is to graduate, getting a good job, and I want to travel.

My goal is to graduate, get a good job, and travel.

 

4.                The teacher asked us to finish the homework, studying for the test, and that we should review notes.

The teacher asked us to finish the homework, study for the test, and review (the) notes.

 

5.                They spent the day cleaning the house, cooking dinner, and watching movies.

 

6.                The new student is friendly, helpful, and caring about others.

She is very caring.   considerate, thoughtful

 

7.                I enjoy drawing, painting, and designing clothes.

8.                She wants fame, to be rich, and being successful.

She wants fame, riches/wealth/money, and success.

She wants  to be famous, rich, and successful.

 

Health is more important than wealth.

 

What is success to you?

-feel happy

-feel content, at peace

-health

-feel gratitude- grateful, thankful for what you have

-enough money, some extra would be nice

$1 000 000 000? one billion

$70 000 000? 70 million

We need enough to cover your needs and wants, within reason.

 

-         education

 

Canada- scholarships, bursaries, grants, student loans-have to pay back, low-interest loans

 

 

9.                The dog was running in the yard, barking loudly, and chasing a squirrel. gerunds

The dog ran in the yard, barked loudly, and chased a squirrel.

 

The dog was running in the yard and barking loudly; it was chasing a squirrel. COMPOUND SENTENCE

 

10.           He promised that he would study hard, to exercise daily, and eating healthy food.

He promised that he would study hard, would exercise daily, and would eat healthy food.

would study- modal, modal auxiliary

can could should must might will would

 

**

 

 

 

 

Let’s change gears.

Let’s get into our chat groups (4-5 people)

We can discuss “Dead Man’s Path Thought Questions”

 

 

 

**

Test 3

Divider

Phones, devices away

You can have your story out for the test.

 

Write a paragraph of least 150 words on the following topic. Include quoted material.

 

 

Why did Mr. Wei, the teacher, choose to confess his mistake to his class of students?

 

 

 

 

 

**

Return Test 3