juggle(v) juggling(n)
Performers juggle in the circus.
You juggle school, work, and family.
IDIOM juggle- to manage a lot of responsibilities
IDIOM The glass is half full, or the glass is half empty.
She is a glass half-full kind of person. She is positive and
optomistic. She sees good in things.
She is a glass half-empty kind of person. She is negative
and pessimistic. She sees bad in things.
IDIOM: Success has many mothers and fathers, but failure is
an orphan.
orphan- child with no parents
Today’s Agenda
·
Attendance
·
“Self-Assessment Reflection” Week 4
Hand it in by the end of class today.
·
First Nations
·
Test#3 – paragraph on relevant topic (last 55m)
Next few days- few extra minutes
·
Continue vocab exercises- pick away at them when
we have some extra time
·
Continue dialogue “Going to a Walk-In Clinic”
·
Continue verb tenses- past progressive
Next few weeks-
·
Reading texts- short stories, poetry
·
EF5 multi-paragraph writing- short essays
Monday
No school
Day for Truth and Reconciliation- Fiurst Nations Peoples in
Canada
Tuesday
·
Begin complex sentences
·
Lecture notes
for First Nations
·
Starting in May, 2021
·
Unmarked graves of First Nations children have
been found on the grounds of old Residential Schools, 315 kids? in Kamloops
·
more and more suspected unmarked graves
discovered across Canada
·
thousands and thousands of suspected graves
found so far
-
used ground-penetrating radar
·
fear probably thousands more across Canada
·
Residential Schools- 150 000 First Nations kids
went to residential schools over the years
over 4000 kids died, maybe 6000
·
Residential Schools all across Canada
https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/residential-schools-in-canada-interactive-map
·
Organized by the Canadian government, run by
the Christian churches (mainly Catholic and Anglican churches), paid for by the
federal government, tax dollars
·
about 150 000 First Nations kids were forcibly
taken away from their families to Residential Schools from 1860s to 1990s.
Revelations-
big ugly secrets in Canada
-around Kindergaten to Grade 12
·
Now we know!
·
Focus of BC new curriculum- First Nations
First Nations
ways of knowing, culture, history in Canada
e.g. First Peoples 11 & 12
Very interesting area of study – good choice -
First Peoples 11 and First Peoples 12
We offer these classes at South Hill – some
students do both English 12 and FP12
-recognized by all postsecondary institutions
Times have changed- new recogniton of the
importance of First Nations in this land
Big contrast
·
My school experiences- none of the history,
social studies was about First Nations
The focus was
history class was on Europeans, settlers, White men in Canada
male-centred,
Euro-centred
In high school
·
lots of First Nations kids in my school,
segregated,
seemed
normal, normalized, unstated expectation
segregation
– separation of races or groups
MicMac- migmaw
·
racist attitudes towards First Nations people
“Indians”
dismissive,
belittling, negative stereotypes
** Maybe tell
these stories
·
policy at my university – have to finish your
degree in seven years
students/
professors –led initiative to change it to 10 yrs
·
racism against First Nations – BCTF AGM story
700 teachers
“equity-seeking
groups” wanted representation
Overview - introduction
·
First Peoples -Who they are?
·
Small groups
“What do you
know about First Nations people in Canada?”
Generate
ideas on LCD
old racist
word “red skin”
Sports team
football The Washington Red Skins
changed in
2020 to The Washington Commanders
hockey team
on Vancouver Island Saanich Junior Braves
Victoria
Admirals
my high
school Riverview Redmen
name changed
in 2020
Three groups of people constitute Indigenous Peoples in
Canada, also called First
Peoples. Also called Aboriginal.
Native
-old word, outdated vocab Indian
1. First Nations -people in the south of
Canada
2. Inuit Eskimo – people
in the north of Canada
kids snack- Eskimo Pies– ice cream sandwiches
3. Métis – ‘mixed’ people who
are First Nations and European ancestry
First Nations came into common usage in the 1980s to replace the term ‘Indians’
·
Talk about
origin of the word ‘Indian’ due to geographical misunderstanding, West Indies
·
First Nations- Indigenous people in the South (below Arctic Circle).
Half of all First Nations bands are in Ontario and BC.
·
Inuit are the Indigenous people who live in the North.
Used to be called ‘Eskimo’- disparaging term from French Esquimaux, from
Montagnais ayas̆kimew ‘person who laces a snowshoe’. Montagnais, or Innu, are
the Indigenous inhabitants of an area they refer to as Nitassinan, which
comprises most of the northeastern portion of the present-day province of
Quebec and some eastern portions of Labrador.
Discredited etymology ‘raw fish eater’
Website: https://www.itk.ca/about-canadian-inuit/#nunangat
Show map: “Inuit Map”
Metis - French- do not pronounce the ‘s’ may-tee
-a person of mixed Indigenous and European ancestry
1600s and 1700s - Fur trading European men came to hunt
animals, like beavers
In particular one of a group of such people who in the 19th
century constituted the so-called Metis nation in the areas around the Red and
Saskatchewan rivers. Metis comes from the French word ‘métis’, which means ‘mixed’.
·
The three groups: First Nations/ Inuit/ Metis
·
Where did these people come from?
·
First Nations creation myths/ creation stories
Every culture has a creation myth/story –
legend, fiction, story, explains real life, explains natural phenomena
Greek Myth- e.g. Echo-magical creature- nymph,
Narcissus- narcissist- a person who is self-absorbed
Every group
has a creation story/myth
Bible-
Garden of Eden, Adam and Eve
Koran- Quran
- simlar story
Different
First Nations groups have different creation stories.
·
Read “The Beginning of the Haidi Gwaii World”
on LCD
·
Talk about Raven
- prominent role in the mythologies of the
Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast, including the Tsimishians,
Haidas, Heiltsuks, Tlingits, Kwakwaka'wakw, Coast Salish, Koyukons, and Inuit.
The raven in these indigenous peoples' mythology is the Creator of the world,
but it is also considered a trickster god.
-two different raven characters:
-the creator
raven, responsible for bringing the world into being and who is sometimes
considered to be the individual who brought light to the darkness
-the childish raven, always selfish, sly,
conniving, and hungry
The Beginning of the Haida
Gwaii World
In the beginning, before the
creation of the world, the earth was completely covered by a vast ocean and the
sky was all grey clouds. The cloud kingdom was ruled by the great Sha-lana.
Sha-lana's Chief servant was Raven.
One day Raven enraged
his master and was cast out into the ocean world. He flew over the ocean for a
long period of time until he became weary. Unable to find a place to rest,
Raven became angry. He began to beat his wings upon the water until the water
rose up and touched the clouds around him.
When the water
receded back into the ocean there appeared rocks upon which Raven rested. These
rocks grew and stretched across the ocean. The rocks turned into sand and after
a short period of time trees began to grow on the sand. After many moons the sand
had turned into beautiful islands, which we know today as the Haida Gwaii (Queen
Charlotte Islands).
Raven enjoyed his
kingdom, yet he became bored and lonely. He decided he needed someone to help
him. So one day he gathered two large piles of clam shells upon the beach and
transformed them into two human females. These two women complained saying that
they should not have both been created as women. So to make them happy Raven
threw limpet shells at one and turned her into a man, creating the Haida Gwaii
people."
Clark, E., Indian
Legends of Canada, McClelland and Stewart: Toronto, 1991.
https://royalbcmuseum.bc.ca/exhibits/bc-archives-time-machine/galler07/frames/oralhist.htm
·
Show pictures “Raven1” “Raven2” “Raven and the
First Men”
“Spirit of Haida Gwaii” YVR (Vancouver
Airport), other pictures jewelry
Haida Gwaii- Queen Charlotte Islands
·
Different First Nations have different
stories-
e.g.Micmac, Mi'kmaq, Glooscap
**about 630
different First Nations in Canada- all different stories
CONTINUE TOMORROW
Three different group of First Peoples in Canada:
1.First Nations
2.Metis
3.Inuit
European people came to this land to trade
furs.
The Hudson’s Bay Company- main business in
Canada at the time, before Canada was a country
modern day- The Bay- department store
Canada became a country in 1867.
The first Prime Minister of Canada was John A.
MacDonald.
The Canadian government at that time started
to put Indigenous peoples onto reservations.
The Goverment started to take the children
away from the families. They put them in Residential Schools.
anthropologists
-anthropology – study of ancient people
Museum of
Anthropology- UBC – focus on First Nations
-archeology- study of ancient humans, ancient
civilations
First Nations – oral tradition, all spoken, no
writing system, all storytelling
-transmitting culture and survival skills-
plants, herbs, hunting, fishing, travelling, seasons
Do ravens and crows mate for life?
Archeological theories about origins of First
Nations
archeologists- scientists who study the
history of human societies
These are rough dates. Scientific knowledge is
developing all the time.
- based on
artifacts found: tools, firepits, bones, footprints
-many
different types of hominids in the past
e.g Australpithicus,
CroMagnon, Neanderthal, etc.
Evolution-
·
200 000 years ago, Homo Sapiens in Africa
·
60 000 years ago, humans leave Africa
50 000 years
ago reach Australia
·
Second wave
35 000 years
ago reach Middle East and Central Asia
·
40 000 years ago into Europe
·
25 000 years ago- Ice Age, ice bridge between
Russia and Alaska
·
15 000 years ago humans cross The Bering
Strait into North America
·
Show video “Map Shows How Humans Migrated
Across the Globe” (2m30s)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CJdT6QcSbQ0&list=RDCJdT6QcSbQ0&start_radio=1
New video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D-Eh0jPstJY
·
Explore website, LCD
http://firstpeoplesofcanada.com/fp_groups/fp_groups_origins.html
MAYBE VIDEO https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M43TYldfqzc (4m-13m)
Oldest
footprints
https://www.cbc.ca/news/science/oldest-footprints-north-america-1.6187978
·
First Nations reactions to these scientific theories
Listen to audio (9m) EXCELLENT
·
Another article about Salutrian/Ice Bridge
debate
http://www.cbc.ca/news/technology/ancient-toddler-s-remains-re-ignite-native-origins-debate-1.2534423
CONTACT - when the first European came to North
America
·
1492 – Christopher Columbus
·
European people came to North America in larger
groups in 1500s
·
cooperation- settlers dying of scurvy, lack of
Vitamin C
long-standing problem for sailors
limey, pine needle tea
·
Work through timeline
https://aboriginalconnections.wordpress.com/teacher-resources/bc-first-nations-historical-timeline/
·
European settlers wanted the land that First
Nations lived on.
·
Put First Nations on Reservations all over
Canada
·
Many First Nations used to be nomadic, travel,
no set home
incompatible with Western life
·
Reservations, Reserves- put First Nations
people on Reserves
often very poor land, poverty
·
Blanket ceremony- https://www.kairoscanada.org/what-we-do/indigenous-rights/blanket-exercise
·
European settlers to North America pushed
First Nations out of their land and forced them to live on Reservations
·
Next step was Residential Schools
a way to get rid of First Nations culture
·
Between the 1860s and 1990s more than 150,000
First Nations, Inuit, and Métis children were required to attend Indian
Residential Schools, institutions operated by religious organizations funded by
the Federal Government.
·
The Canadian government removed First Nation
children from their families and communities and placed them in these
institutions.
·
The families didn’t have a choice.
·
Many children were inadequately fed, clothed
and housed, and many were abused, physically, emotionally and sexually. Their
languages and cultural practices were prohibited.
movie: We Were Children ?
·
This is where the unmarked graves come from.
These are children who died while in the schools.
There are so many questions about how this
happened.
How did this happen?
How did these children die?
Why?
How could this have happened in Canada?
** The
intention of the Residential Schools was to break the link between the children
and their culture and families. The children were being trained to be workers,
i.e. maids, labourers, cleaners.
So mant
children dies because they were not cared for properly and often abused.
REMINDER:
The last residential school closed in 1993 or 1996.
1860-1990s
·
https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/duncan-campbell-scott
OTHER RESOURCES
http://www.fnesc.ca/learningfirstpeoples/
https://www.ece.gov.nt.ca/files/Early-Childhood/ns_-_residential_schools_resource_-_second_edition.pdf
http://www.fnesc.ca/wp/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/PUB-LFP-IRSR-11-12-Pt1-2015-07-WEB.pdf
http://www.fnesc.ca/wp/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/PUB-LFP-IRSR11-12-DE-Pt2-2015-07-WEB.pdf
http://www.fnesc.ca/grade-11-12-indian-residential-schools-and-reconciliation/
·
VIDEO “Where Are the Children? Healing the
Legacy of the Residential Schools”
https://vimeo.com/27172950 (25m)
GO OVER THIS
WEBSITE ON LCD
·
http://www.anishinabek.ca/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/An-Overview-of-the-IRS-System-Booklet.pdf
·
Introduction to Truth and Reconciliation
Commission, Residential Schools
·
National Centre for Truth and Reconciliation
Opening ceremony:
http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/manitoba/national-centre-truth-reconciliation-winnipeg-1.3301305
·
EXPLORE Website:
GOOD PLACE
TO START
·
http://wherearethechildren.ca/en
Explore together
Walk through Timeline
* Choose one
of the stories. Listen or read the transcript.
Didn’t this
happen long ago in the past?
The last
Residential School closed in 1996.
intergenerational
trauma – the suffering and pain is passed down to the next generation
NOTE: I am
not an expert on this. I know what I know from listening to survivors of
Residential Schools. I have been fortunate to listen to many survivors of
Residential Schools. Also I read books about this.
Please take
what I told you as a starting point. You can read and learn more on your own.
Great hope
for the future. e.g. Mamilaaq Qaqqaq.
Inuit facial
tattoos
LOTS OF RESOURCES
Telling Our Twisted History https://overcast.fm/+uV32D9Icg
SURVIVOR
TESTIMONY:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wjrZpCJtNYk
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vn6jbkPgTzM
·
Distribute “ConnieWalkerQuestions”, p.c.
LISTEN (13m56s)
OR
http://www.cbc.ca/player/play/2680244159/
OR
“ConnieWalker.mp3”
Students listen and make notes
Afterward, get into small groups and compare
notes.
Discuss as a class.
·
Indian Horse book and movie
·
LISTEN to poem “MONSTER”, p.c. (3m,16s)
https://soundcloud.com/cbc-radio-one/i-hate-you-residential-school
OR
http://www.cbc.ca/radio/thecurrent/apr-3-2014-1.2908353/monster-by-poet-dennis-saddleman-i-hate-you-residential-school-i-hate-you-1.2908356
·
Highlights from TRC:
http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2015/12/15/highlights-from-the-report-of-the-truth-and-reconciliation-commission-report_n_8812426.html
·
“MyLittleResidentialSchoolSuitcase”, p.c.
Read aloud, discuss
·
Explain Gord Downey
The Sacred
Path
·
“colonialism”, p.c.
·
“My Moccasins Have Not Walked” work and
student poem
·
“’Totem’ Module”
·
Rita Joe “I Lost My Talk”
·
“Two-Spirit” “Chrytos”
·
“Unentitled” from here:
http://www.sfu.ca/lovemotherearth/02poetry/tea_and_bannock.pdf
Appropriation of First Nations culture
·
Explain meaning of ‘cultural appropriation’
Gucci turban
·
Talk about 2015 Miss Canada dress
https://natalieast.com/miss-universe-canadas-national-costume-cultural-appropriation/
Show pics “Miss Canada 1,2”
Other examples of a appropriation of First
Nations culture- music festivals
Show pics “Headdress1,2,3” “Costume1”
Show video “Headdress- A filmmaker recreates
her great-grandfather’s portrait” (5m,43s)
·
http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/bc-women-searches-for-stolen-regalia-prince-george-1.4692057
The future
of FN
https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/manitoba/youth-incarcerated-indigenous-half-1.4720019
“ForthisArcticstudent”,
p.c. “JasmineKegel”pic
https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/manitoba/eliza-beardy-brother-1.6193965
https://newsinteractives.cbc.ca/longform/the-boy-behind-the-nickname
MOVE Mary Simon – first Indigenous Governer
General of Canada
***
A few
things you might do on Sept 30th aside from wearing orange…
1) Attend
one of these Vancouver events; most are free. If you live outside Vancouver,
please consider attending an event in your city. Richmond, North Van, Burnaby
etc. all have their own events.
- Go on an intergenerational
march
https://apsc.ubc.ca/EDI.I/orange-shirt-day
- Hang out at the shipyard:
https://theshipyardsdistrict.ca/event/create-connect-truth-and-reconciliation-day
- Learn how to do cedar bark
weaving with your family at the Museum of Anthropology on Sunday
https://moa.ubc.ca/event/culture-club-at-moa-cedar-hearts-for-reconciliation
- Watch a documentary or 2 at the
Museum of Vancouver or Trout Lake Community Centre
https://museumofvancouver.ca/events-programs
https://troutlakecc.com/event/we-were-children-film-screening/
- Honour the survivors of
residential schools at Grandview Park
https://www.facebook.com/events/547433891015200/
- Make prayer flags at a Japanese
Zen Meditation centre
https://www.mountainrainzen.org/events/2024/9/29/truth-and-reconciliation
- Enjoy some Indigenous art by
one of Canada’s most famous First Nation artist ans others at a gallery
downtown
https://www.billreidgallery.ca/
- Watch a BC Lions football game
& get a t shirt
- Attend a family event including
a breakfast & a reading of 2 children’s books by Joseph Dandurand at
the Arts Umbrella on Granville Island
https://www.artsumbrella.com/events/national-day-for-truth-and-reconciliation-2024/
- Listen to Indigenous story
tellers
https://www.facebook.com/events/1052380876274835/
Here’s a
link to The Georgia Straight with links to events across the Lower
Mainland:
2) Look at
a few of the recommendations that the TRC made and see what progress has been
made.
https://www.rcaanc-cirnac.gc.ca/eng/1524494530110/1557511412801
https://www.cbc.ca/news/indigenous/beyond-94-truth-and-reconciliation-1.4574765
3) Watch
the Aboriginal Peoples Television Network for numerous programs
4) Listen
to one CBC radio on Monday; it has various programs being played throughout the
day
5) Listen
to a podcast (Please note that I have not listened to them all, so
choose/listen at your own discretion.)
Here’s a
list of others:
A few
specifically recommended episodes:
1) https://www.cbc.ca/radio/secretlifeofcanada/what-do-you-really-know-about-the-indian-act-1.5188255
6) Watch
one of these videos; again, please note that I have not watched them all, so
choose/listen at your own discretion.
a)
interview with Justice Murray Sinclair
b) info
about Justice Murray Sinclair
c) why so
many Aboriginal youth are involved in gangs and/or crime
or
d) how the
crisis between the Quebec govt and the Indigenous people of Kanesatake created
lasting change
e) a doc
about how/why so many Indigenous women trafficked; a discussion about Human
Trafficking, Canada’s Secret Shame”
7) Read an
article from one of these Canadian papers/magazines:
8) Or one
of these Indigenous papers/magazines:
-an article
from Windspeaker
-an article
from Muskrat
-an article
(or podcast or video) from Media Indigena
8) Here’s a
link to the Vancouver Public Library’s list of resources & recommendations:
https://www.vpl.ca/truth-reconciliation
9) Please
see this old link for lots of still current suggestions!
https://freshroots.ca/first-ever-national-day-for-truth-and-reconciliation/
10) Make a
donation to an Indigenous organization that supports Residential School
Survivors:
Test#3
Paper
Pen
Name and class, test number
Phones away.
Write a paragraph of at least 100 words on the following
topic.
What are some things that you learned about First Nations
the past two classes?
“Going to a Walk-In Clinic”
Let’s get into some small groups (4-5 people).
*Warm-Up Questions
MD- medical doctor
a family doctor
There is a shortage of family doctors.
shortage-not enough
walk-in- no reservation,
first-come, first-served
Emergency is walk-in. Nurses do triage.
triage- putting patients in order of seriousness
pneumonia-
Emerg- Emergency Room at VGH, Children’s Hospital
*Vocab Preview
restaurant- Do you have a reservation?
Party of four.
You have to line up to get on the bus.
My son went to volleyball clinic. (special training)
gymnasium- gym, place for sports
car insurance, life insurance, travel insurance, house
insurance, medical insurance, pet insurance,
supplementary insurance-
VOCAB supplementary- extra
Students may be covered under the insurance of the
post-secondary institution.
VOCAB covered- protected
You have ICBC coverage.
You can get life insurance.
In Canada, you may have a pension from your job.
You will get Canada Pension Plan if you worked and paid into
CPP.
Also, you may get OAS (Old Age Supplement) if you are
low-income.
You can also save money in your RRSP (Registered Retirement
Savings Plan).
*Practice dialogue
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