EF67
Final two weeks
Today’s agenda
·
Quiz#5- noun clauses
·
Reconsider midterm recommendations, check
marks
Midterm- a couple weeks ago
Based on your average at the time
60% and above YES
59% and below NO
Now – The YES people have had a chance to
register.
50% and above YES
If you want to change your recommendation, we
can do that now.
You can register for the class you are heading
toward.
You can your marks in my records. You can make
sure I recorded them correctly.
·
Begin sentence combining
Tuesday
·
Return Quiz5- discuss, correct
·
Talk about optional replacement quiz and test
·
Begin presentation project
·
Begin First Nations
·
Continue sentence combining- examples from
homework
Two approaches to sentence combining
Wednesday
·
Begin essay
·
Continue presentation project
·
Continue First Nations
·
Continue sentence combining
·
Thursday
·
Continue essay
·
Continue presentation project
·
Continue sentence combining
·
Continue First Nations
·
Friday
·
Continue essay
·
Continue presentation project
·
Continue sentence combining
·
Continue First Nations
·
Monday
·
Essay#1
Tuesday
·
Presentations, first half of class
·
Optional replacement quiz
Wednesday
·
Finish presentations, second half of class
·
Optional replacement test
Thursday
·
Essay#2- final work for marks
Friday
·
Final day
Final marks and reports
No instruction
-parallelism
Quiz #5
Write a sentence with a noun clause for each.
Submit it to me by 9:45.
1.
how carefully
2.
that modern
3.
how fulfill
4.
that prescribe
5.
that skeptical
6.
why quarrel
SENTENCE COMBINING – culmination of
all of sentence work
culmination – using
all the sentence knowledge that we have accumulated so far
put it all into
practice
Next level of work
for sentence writing – where the rubber hits the road- practical, real-life
SENTENCES:
simple
compound
complex
**Practice these
styles. Follow the patterns. If you follow these patterns, your writing will
probably be ok.
If you don’t follow
these patterns, your writing will likely be substandard.
Sentence combining
-very effective way
to get better at sentence writing
-practical, useful
IMO (in my opinion)-
the best way to get better at sentence writing
-at all levels – absolute
beginner, beginner, intermediate, developing, advanced, expert
start basic
level----- very high university-level exercises
Based on the sentence
styles- simple, compound, complex
foundation of all
writing and speaking in English
sentence combining
– puts all of this knowledge into use
William Strong –
university professor – taught university students how to be better writers, not
ESL EAL, native English speakers
GOAL- LEARN TO
WRITE
o higher-level
sentences- stuctured
o more
prestigious English- sounds professional and competent
o beautiful,
elegant, stylish writing
o sounds
good, reads well, smooth to read
*** Sentence
combining books are available if you dig for them. Keep your eyes open for this
kind of sentence combining exercise books.
I have amassed a
small collection of sentence combining books over the years.
Sentencecombining –
takinf several sentences and combine the most important parts of them into one
sentence
Easy example
a. Bill
felt hungry.
b. Bill
had no lunch today. because
COMBINE a and b
into one sentence
What kind of
sentence would be best? simple
compound complex
a. Bill
felt hungry.
b. Bill
had no lunch today. because –
complex, adv cl
POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS
Bill felt hungry
because Bill he had no lunch today.
Because Bill
had no lunch today, so he felt hungry.
Because Bill
had no lunch today, he felt hungry.
COMPLEX
Bill had no lunch
today, so he felt hungry. COMPOUND
Bill who had no
lunch today felt hungry. COMPLEX- adj cl
Bill who felt
hungry had no lunch today. COMPLEX- adj cl
Bill had no lunch
today. Bill felt hungry. SIMPLES
Bill had no lunch
today; therefore, he felt hungry. COMPOUND
Bill had no lunch
today so that he felt hungry. COMPLEX – adv cl
Many options- many
varieties to choose from if we have the knowledge.
The knowledge is of
SIMPLE, COMPOUND, COMPLEX
The goal is to
write a rich variety of sentences.
GOALS of sentence combining
-sentences that are dense with information, but not too much
information (tricky balance)
-sentences that are as compact as possible (short, few words
as possible), not too short (another tricky balance)
*** balancing competing interests/impulses- lots of
information, short sentences
- VERY CHALLENGING
We are up for the challenge!
*PERSONAL ANECDOTE*
My first year in university-
I learned how to write well by working with style books.
CONSIDER WORKING THROUGH A GOOD STYLE BOOK
HIGHER-LEVEL WRITING
The Elements of Style Strunk and White CLASSIC
Style: Ten
Levels in Clarity and Grace Williams
*These changed
my writing world. The scales fell from my eyes.
BASIC SENTENCE COMBINING
Beginner-level sentence combining – good for a little kid
Kai has a hat.
The hat is red.
The hat is for baseball.
1.
Start with the KERNEL-usually first
sentence
2.
Choose the important new elements in each following
sentences
3.
Combine all of the element together into one
sentence- simple, compound, complex
Kai has a hat. KERNEL – centre, hub Usually the first
sentence in an exercise
FIND NEW INFORMATION IN THE OTHER SENTENCES, AVOID REP
The hat is red.
The hat is for baseball.
ELEMENTS to be combined
Kai has a hat
red
baseball
Choose what kind of sentence do you want to write to include
all of these elements? simple compound complex?
-gut reaction, trust your instinct, feeling
You should have a feelin about it. You have to decide.
*SIMPLE
Kai has a red baseball hat. MY CHOICE
Kai has a red hat for baseball.
*COMPOUND
Kai has a red hat, and it is for baseball. SEEMS LIKE TOO
MUCH FOR SUCH A BASIC IDEA
Kai has a red hat; in fact, it is for baseball. SEEMS
OVERWRITTEN
We don’t need that elaborate structure for such a simple
idea.
*COMPLEX
Kai has a baseball hat that is a red colour red. ADJ
CL Overwritten?
because since SEEMS LIKE A LOT
Kai has a red hat which is for baseball. Maybe he has
several special hats.
NOTE: prefix is the beginning part of a word ‘un’ unkind
‘im’ impossible
suffix is the end part of a word ‘tion’ education ‘ment’ employment
DETAILS OF THE STRUCTURE
META- level, above, higher level
Birdseye view of sentences
Next level of thinking about sentences
**
PROCESS of choosing sentences
For homework, try some of the “Sentence Combning #5”
exercises. Email a few to me by 5.
1.
a.
I like Italian cooking.
b.
I like Chinese cooking.
c.
They are very different.
KERNEL
NEW INFORMATION
I like Italian cooking
Chinese
They are very different
What kind of sentence do we want?
COMPOUND
I like both Italian and Chinese cooking, but they are very
different.
I like both Italian cooking and Chinese cooking; nevertheless,
they are very different.
COMPLEX
I like both Italian and Chinese cooking although they are
very different.
I like both Italian and Chinese cooking which are very
different.
I like both Italian and Chinese cooking which are in truth very
different.
I like both Italian and Chinese cooking which are really/actually
very different.
Even though Italian and Chinese cooking are very different,
I like (them) both.
Knowing the sentence types cold gives you unlimited options.
CONTINUE TOMORROW
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