Good morning, everyone.
We’ll get started at 11:00.
Today’s agenda:
·
Test#3- paragraph, “Roses Sing
on New Snow”
·
Modals
·
Begin sentence combining
Wednesday
·
Modals
·
Sentence combining
·
Causative verbs
Thursday
·
Begin essay work- basic essay, five-paragraph
essay
·
Replacement quiz
Friday
·
Continue essay work
Next week
Essay
Test#3
Paragraph –
150-200 words
Topic sentence- follow the question, stay
on topic, answer the question, focus on the question
Supporting sentences that support the Topic
sentence
Concluding sentence
Don’t just retell the story.
Don’t copy from the story.
Choose one:
What is one conflict in the story?
Why does Maylin argue with the governor?
Submit by 12:10.
***
South Hill Education Centre Graduation
Ceremony
Friday, June 17, 1-3PM
The gymnasium- across the field.
https://www.eventbrite.ca/e/vsb-adult-and-continuing-education-graduation-2022-tickets-342443115577
***
Modals are auxiliary verbs that are used with other verbs to express
ability, obligation, possibility, invitation, permission, necessity, or
requests. Below is a list of the most useful modals and their most common
meanings:
auxiliary
– extra AUX
Modal Meaning Example
can to express ability I can speak English very
well.
can to request permission Can I go to Foundations 4?
could to express possibility I could help you tomorrow.
may to express possibility I may be late for class.
may to request permission May I take the test again, please?
might to express possibility She might call you later.
must to express obligation I must leave at 4 o’clock.
must to express strong belief You must be kidding!
should to give advice You should go to the doctor.
will to show future I
will not take my car today.
would to request or offer Would you prefer a tea or
coffee?
would in if-sentences If I were you, I would complain.
shall
– used very rarely, too formal
“Let take our ten-minute break,
shall we?”
Japanese
movie, remade in English “Shall We Dance?”
“Shall we ダンス?”
very polite invitation – shall,
rare
HIGHER LEVEL MODALS
There are also two and three-word modals,
Two-word
modals:
had better
have to
ought to
used to
Three-word modals:
be able to
be going to
be supposed to
have got to.
***
IMPORTANT
Most
anything you want to say can be expressed with a one-word modal.
The grammar is like this:
modal + infinitive without ‘to’
e.g. can + to eat
can eat
The teenager can eat three slices of pizza.
will + to finish
The builders will finish the project by early December.
have to + to call
Maria has to call her sister about the party.
be supposed to + to go
John is supposed to go to the party, but he might be too
busy.
modal + another verb
can + infinitive –‘to’
can + to run
can run THE VERB DOESN’T CHANGE
I can run. You can run. The dog can run.
Your grandmother can run.
modal verb do not change with the subject
I run. You run. She runs.
Two-word modals
had better – strong ‘should’
You should to stop smoking.
You had better stop smoking.-stronger
You had better call your doctor and
reup/refill your medication.
have to – must
You have to get to work on time.
You must get to work on time.
The Grade 10 students have to study
more than they did in Grade 9.
We The Grade 10 students have to study
more than they did in Grade 9.
We have to pay the bills.
I must learn English now.
ought to – should
I ought to call my sister. I haven’t
spoken with her in several years.
You should call your mother.
I should have to graduate from
SHEC before I can go to college.
I must graduate from SHEC before I
can go to college.
used to- did in the past, not now, no
one-word equivalent
Sarah used to do yoga, but now she
is too busy with family and work.
Bhin used to live in Thailand, but
she has been in Canada for many years.
Mei used to travel a lot but not so
much in the last few years due to Covid.
Joe used to be married.
He used to drink a lot. That’s why his
wife got rid of him.
LOOK SIMILAR, DIFFERENT MEANINGS
MODAL used to- did in the past, no longer
do
CONFUSING
NOT A MODAL get/be used to- feel
comfortable, be familiar with
Shirin didn’t like Vancouver at first, but
then she got used to it.
Jes gets up early every morning. He doesn’t
mind. He is used to getting up early.
Dave is not used to trying different
kinds of food. He is picky/fussy/choosy.
Three-word modals
be able to- can
She is not able to come to the meeting tomorrow.
I am not able to come to class Friday. I can’t come to
class Friday.
She can’t come to the meeting tomorrow.
Sarah can speak English, Farsi, and French.
Sarah is able to speak English, Farsi, and French.
Can you pick up some almond milk before
you come home?
Are you able to pick up some almond
milk before you come home?
She is unable to make it to school today.
She can’t come to school today.
The difference between ‘be going to’ and ‘will’.
When did the make the decision?
right now – will
in the past – am going to
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