Tuesday, 14 June 2022

EF6-32 class- modals

 

Good morning, everyone.

We’ll get started at 11:00.

 

Today’s agenda:

·      Test#3- paragraph, “Roses Sing on New Snow”

·      Modals

·      Begin sentence combining

 

Wednesday

·      Modals

·      Sentence combining

·      Causative verbs

 

Thursday

·      Begin essay work- basic essay, five-paragraph essay

·      Replacement quiz

 

Friday

·      Continue essay work

 

Next week

Essay

 

 

Test#3

Paragraph –

150-200 words

Topic sentence- follow the question, stay on topic, answer the question, focus on the question

Supporting sentences that support the Topic sentence

Concluding sentence

 

Don’t just retell the story.

Don’t copy from the story.

 

Choose one:

What is one conflict in the story?

Why does Maylin argue with the governor?

 

Submit by 12:10.

 

 

 

***

South Hill Education Centre Graduation Ceremony

Friday, June 17, 1-3PM

The gymnasium- across the field.

https://www.eventbrite.ca/e/vsb-adult-and-continuing-education-graduation-2022-tickets-342443115577 

***

 

 

Modals/ Modal Auxiliaries

Modals are auxiliary verbs that are used with other verbs to express ability, obligation, possibility, invitation, permission, necessity, or requests. Below is a list of the most useful modals and their most common meanings:

 

auxiliary – extra  AUX

 

Modal         Meaning                                   Example

can              to express ability                    I can speak English very well.

can              to request permission           Can I go to Foundations 4?

could          to express possibility             I could help you tomorrow.

may             to express possibility             I may be late for class.

may             to request permission           May I take the test again, please?

might          to express possibility             She might call you later.

must           to express obligation             I must leave at 4 o’clock.

must           to express strong belief        You must be kidding!

should        to give advice                          You should go to the doctor.

will              to show future                        I will not take my car today.

would         to request or offer                 Would you prefer a tea or coffee?

would         in if-sentences                        If I were you, I would complain.

 

shall –         used very rarely, too formal “Let take our ten-minute break,

shall we?”

Japanese movie, remade in English “Shall We Dance?”

“Shall we ダンス?”

very polite invitation – shall,  rare

 

 

HIGHER LEVEL MODALS

There are also two and three-word modals,

Two-word modals:

had better

have to

ought to

used to

 

Three-word modals:

be able to

be going to

be supposed to

have got to. 

 

*** IMPORTANT

Most anything you want to say can be expressed with a one-word modal.

 

 

The grammar is like this:

 

modal + infinitive without ‘to’

 

e.g.    can + to eat

          can eat

The teenager can eat three slices of pizza.

will + to finish

The builders will finish the project by early December.

 

have to + to call

Maria has to call her sister about the party.

be supposed to + to go

John is supposed to go to the party, but he might be too busy.

 

 

 

modal + another verb

can + infinitive –‘to’

can + to run

can run THE VERB DOESN’T CHANGE

I can run. You can run. The dog can run. Your grandmother can run.

modal verb do not change with the subject

 

I run. You run. She runs.

 

Two-word modals

had better – strong ‘should’

You should to stop smoking. You had better stop smoking.-stronger

You had better call your doctor and reup/refill your medication.

 

have to – must

You have to get to work on time.

You must get to work on time.

The Grade 10 students have to study more than they did in Grade 9.

We The Grade 10 students have to study more than they did in Grade 9.

We have to pay the bills.

I must learn English now.

 

ought to – should

I ought to call my sister. I haven’t spoken with her in several years.

You should call your mother.

I should have to graduate from SHEC before I can go to college.

I must graduate from SHEC before I can go to college.

 

 

used to- did in the past, not now, no one-word equivalent

Sarah used to do yoga, but now she is too busy with family and work.

Bhin used to live in Thailand, but she has been in Canada for many years.

Mei used to travel a lot but not so much in the last few years due to Covid.

Joe used to be married.

He used to drink a lot. That’s why his wife got rid of him.

 

LOOK SIMILAR, DIFFERENT MEANINGS

MODAL used to- did in the past, no longer do

 

CONFUSING

NOT A MODAL get/be used to- feel comfortable, be familiar with

 

Shirin didn’t like Vancouver at first, but then she got used to it.

Jes gets up early every morning. He doesn’t mind. He is used to getting up early.

Dave is not used to trying different kinds of food. He is picky/fussy/choosy.

 

Three-word modals

be able to- can

She is not able to come to the meeting tomorrow.

I am not able to come to class Friday. I can’t come to class Friday.

She can’t come to the meeting tomorrow.

Sarah can speak English, Farsi, and French.

Sarah is able to speak English, Farsi, and French.

Can you pick up some almond milk before you come home?

Are you able to pick up some almond milk before you come home?

 

She is unable to make it to school today.

She can’t come to school today.

 

 

The difference between ‘be going to’ and ‘will’.

When did the make the decision?

right now – will

in the past – am going to

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