Good morning.
We will get started at
8:30.
Today’s Agenda:
· Causative verbs
· Begin sentence combining
· HW Review Compare
and Contrast Essay
Thursday
· Finish Causal verbs
· Continue sentence combining, homework exercises
· Begin – compare and contrast essay
Friday
· Continue sentence combining
Student
examples from homework
· Appositives
· Continue – compare and contrast essay
· Optional
replacement test
Final week
Monday
· Continue – compare and contrast essay
Tuesday
· Final
test – Compare Contrast Essay
Wednesday, June 29
· No
instruction
· Marks
day, final reports
VALUE
Quizzes x/6 x/3
Tests x/12 x/6
Essay x/20 x/10
Causative Verbs
Causative
verbs make
other verbs act. They cause
actions to occur.
causation
/ cause.. cause and effect, stimulus and result
-something
that makes something else happen
-chemistry
– catalyst – chemical that causes another chemical to react
Both
of the previous sentences contained causative verbs.
“Causative verbs make other verbs act. They cause actions to occur.”
The
most frequently used causative verbs are as follows:
help,
allow, invite, require, motivate, get, convince, persuade, hire, assist,
encourage, permit, employ, force, compel, tell, ask
get=
it is expected
Farimah,
could I get you to open the window? – polite command
I
got my son to put his laundry away.
The
manager got the servers to polish the cutlery.
get
– there is an expectation that the person will be willing to do the thing
I
will get you to put your phones away during the test.
force,
compel – very very strong
The
police officer forced the robber to lay on the ground.
The
judge compelled the man to pay his child support.
Most
commonly used ones: help, allow, invite,
convince, hire, encourage, force, tell, ask.
We
use these ones most every day.
GRAMMAR
FOR CAUSATIVE VERBS:
These
verbs are followed by a noun or pronoun followed by an infinitive ‘to go, to
see, etc’
Examples:
Mei helped me to do my
homework.
I help my friend to fix
his computer.
help somebody do some action
The mother allows her son to play
video games.
She allows her pet cockatiel
to perch on the windowsill.
The mother allows her daughter to do
homework. STRANGE
The mother allows/permitted her son to
play video games.
The mother will allow her daughter to
go to the sleepover.
ERROR
The mother allowed her daughter to
went to the sleepover. XXX
The mother allowed her daughter to
go to the sleepover. GOOD
allowed to go- causative, passive voice
She was allowed to go to the
sleepover. PASSIVE VOICE
Am I allowed to rewrite the test?
PASSIVE VOICE
I will invite my friends to come
to my house.
I couldn’t convince my father to
get a cell phone.
We hired a carpenter to build
a new patio on our house.
I was hired to fulfill online
orders. PASSIVE VOICE
Junko was hired to babysit
every Wednesday night. PASSIVE VOICE
She encourages herself to be
braver.
He encourages his daughter to go to
university.
Winnie sometimes has to force her
son to go to school.
You should force yourself to
speak English every day.
I told my wife to buy herself
something nice.
Mei tells her son to be a
kind person.
Dave told his children to pick
up their socks.
I will ask my friend to lend
me his truck.
CONFUSED
borrow- take
lend- give/loan
Could you borrow lend me a pencil?
XXX
Could I borrow a pencil (from you)?
Four
other causative verbs do not follow this pattern. The causative verbs help, have, make and let are followed
by a noun/pronoun and the base form of the verb (which is actually an
infinitive with the "to" left off).
‘help’
can be used two ways:
help
+ infinitive OR infinitive without ‘to’
Mei helped me to do my
homework.
Mei helped me do my homework.
I want to help my daughter fix her bicycle.
– slightly more natural-sounding
I
want to help my daughter to fix her bicycle.
have-
ask/tell/request
I
took my car to the shop. I had the mechanic change the oil and top
up the fluids.
Sarah’s
daughter is turning 11 next week. She is having a few friends come
over to celebrate.
Thank
you for having me (come on the show).
Thank
you for having me (come over for dinner).
I am
having a few friend come over to my place to watch the Stanley Cup
Playoffs.
make-force
She
makes him do his homework.
She
makes him to do his homework. XXX
She
forces him to do his homework.
I force
myself to be polite to my sister’s husband.
I make
myself be polite to my sister’s husband.
She made her son finish his
project before he could play any video games.
She forced her son to finish
his project before he could play any video games. force – sounds really strong
let
– allow, just allow, no other causation
He
lets his daughter use his camera.
He
allow his daughter to use his camera.
I don’t
allow my dog to sleep on my bed.
I don’t
let my dog sleep on my bed.
She
allows her tenant to smoke in the backyard.
She
lets her tenant smoke in the backyard.
Doug
allows Mei to borrow his truck whenever she wants.
Doug
lets Mei borrow his truck whenever she wants.
Would
you let/allow me use your phone for a minute?
let- more casual, friendly tone, relaxed
allow-stricter, serious rules, authority
You
are allowed to smoke on school grounds.
let-
only for nice things
Mei
let her daughter ride her bicycle.
Mei
let her daughter do her homework. NOT LIKELY
I
let my son play Fortnite.
Let me know. Let me to know.
Allow me to get the door for you.
Allow me to get the bill. It’s my treat. It’s
on me.
Let me get it.
Let’s go!
Let us go.
GOOD POINT: Only have, make and let are special. No ‘to’
REMEMBER: Help can be used either way.
Are have,
make and let
important to know?
have = get to
She had the repair person fix the window. She got the repair person to
fix the window.
make = force to ALTERNATIVES
He made the dog sit. He forced the dog to sit.
He made the dog sit. ‘sit’ stays the
same make changes tense
He makes the dog sit.
He will make the dog sit.
***
For homework,
try five sentences that use causative verbs. Email them to me by tonight at 7.
help, allow, invite, convince, hire, encourage, force,
tell, ask
help, have, make,
let
We can share them tomorrow.
Essay work-
Five-paragraph essay- basic form, IKEA essay, go-to
form
Different styles of essays:
Compare and Contrast Essays-
Read and review for homework
Ironman Race:
triathlon- three events
Swim- 3.9k
Bike- 180k
Run- 40k
17 hours
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