English Foundations 5/6
Good morning, everyone.
We will get started at 8:30.
*REMINDER- Monday October 11th is Thanksgiving.
No school.
Vietnamese sandwiches – Victoria and 38th
Bahn Mi
- veggies, sliced meat and sauce(?) on baquette
-baquette – French bread, long and narrow, crispy
Marcello’s – good pizza, Commercial Drive
Commercial Drive has always been the Italian area of Vancouver.
Fraser Street used to be the German area of Vancouver.
Steveston used to be the Japanese area, as was Powell Street
“Japantown” area in Vancouver. During
the Second Wrold War, the Canadian governmen forced all Japanese people to
leave the coast.
Today’s agenda
·
Review Test#2- paragraph on Residential Schools
·
Begin complex sentences- adverb clauses
·
“Rosa Parks”
Tuesday
·
Causative verbs- I will email this to you today.
·
Continue adverb clauses
·
Continue “Rosa Parks” “Viola Desmond”
Wednesday
·
Quiz#3- adverb clauses
·
Continue “Rosa Parks” “Viola Desmond”
·
“Little Rock Nine”
Thursday
* You will have a sub. I have a meeting all day.
Friday
·
Test#3 – paragraph on weekly topic
Test#2- paragraph on Residential Schools
Rewrite for one bonus point. Submit it by
tomorrow. Like free money on the ground.
POINTS
1.
Don’t copy! Plagiarism – copying from another text.
2.
Focus on topic sentence. Begin your writing with a
topic sentence. The topic sentence should be very closely connected to the
question.
“Why
did we have the National Day of Truth and Reconciliation?”
Example TS: Yesterday, we had the first National Day of Truth
and Reconciliation. We had that holiday to remember what happened to First Nations
children in the Canadian Residential Schools.
on-topic, begins your paragraph on topic
3.
Focus on good sentences- simple, compound, complex
Use the ones we have been practicing. Follow those styles.
If you having trouble, write shorter sentences. Don’t write long long
sentences- big trouble.
Shorter is good.
4.
English Foundations 5 - 125-150 words is ok. It’s
better to be a bit shorter with better sentences than long and the sentences
not as good.
English Foundations 6 150-200 words
English Foundations 5 125-150 words
wf – word form
dead (adj) The old dog is dead.
died (v) The old dog died.
My computer died. My computer is going to die soon. (v)
My computer is dead. (adj)
My computer was dead yesterday. Today it seems ok.
The battery is dead on my car. I have to get a jump.
jumper cables -
You can send or give me your paragraph rewrite for a bonus
point by tomorrow.
We can help them to have a bright future.
CAUSATIVE VERBS
help
allow
I help my son to fix his bike.
We can help them to have a bright future.
allow
I allow my daughter to go to the party.
Begin adverb clauses
Abverb clauses
Sentence styles:
*SIMPLE
*COMPOUND , SOBA ; ; TRANS,
*COMPLEX
- adverb clauses
- noun clauses
- adjective clauses
COMPLEX SENTENCE- ADVERB CLAUSES- because when if (most commonly
used)
Two ways to do it:
because – reason
1. main
clause + adverb clause
Jun is happy today because
her son is visiting her. no comma
2.adverb clause, + main clause
Because Jun’s son is visiting her, she
is happy today. comma
** OLD-FASHIONED RULE- Don’t
start your sentences with ‘because’.
I do. We can ignore this rule.
when - time
1.
main clause
+ adverb clause
My dog gets up when I get up. no
comma
2.
adverb clause, +
main clause
When I get up, my dog gets up. comma
if- maybe yes, maybe no, don’t know
1. main
clause + adverb clause
Maria should start saving her money if
she wants to buy that expensive dress. no comma
2. adverb
clause, + main clause
If Maria wants to buy that expensive dress, she
should start saving her money. comma
**
Model for adverb clauses:
Main clause adverb clause.
Adverb clause, main clause.
**
YOUR CHOICE. You should be able to do it both ways. GOAL!
You should call your sister if you want a ride from the airport.
If you want a ride from the airport, you should call your sister.
You should call your sister, if you want a ride from the airport.
XXX punc
-small error, does not impede understanding, still not right
IMPERATIVE: Call your sister.
Call your sister if you want to get a ride.
If you want to get a ride, call your sister.
COMPOUND
2 independent clauses put together
COMPLEX
1 independent clause and 1 dependent clause put together
COMPOUND
We are going camping this weekend, so we have to pack our gear.
COMPLEX
We have to pack our gear because we are going camping this
weekend.
Because we are going camping this weekend, we have to pack our
gear.
Same information- different sentence styles- compound and complex
* Adverbial conjunctions (adverb clause words)
Learning these will expand your ability to express your
thoughts more clearly and precisely in English.
If When you learn these 24, you will be a star in
your English class!
time- after, before, ever since,
since, until, when, whenever,
while, when/while
place- wherever
condition - if,
even if, provided that, unless
manner- as,
as if, though, although, even though, so ... that
cause- because,
since
purpose- in
order that, in order to, so that,
*after- time
The kids did their homework after supper. prepositional
phrase SIMPLE
The kids did their homework after SV supper. COMPLEX-
ADVERB CL
The kids did their homework after they finished/had/ate
supper. no comma
After the kids finished supper, they did their
homework. comma
This is an important difference!
The kids did their homework after supper.
SIMPLE
The kids did their homework after they finished supper.
COMPLEX
After they finished supper, the kids did
their homework. COMPLEX
The kids finished supper, so/and they did their homework.
COMPOUND
* before- Call me before you leave. complex- adverb clause
Call me before
8pm. simple
SIMPLE COMPOUND COMPLEX
You are almost ready for UBC.
SIDE NOTE: I have a small editing business on the side. I
edit papers for UBC and SFU students, mostly nursing students who are getting
their masters degrees. When I edit a paper for a university, I use SIMPLE,
COMPOUND and COMPLEX sentences.
The stuff we are learning here will get you through school.
-since – two meanings: time, reason
since-time
May has lived in Canada since 1998. SIMPLE
May has lived in Canada since SV 1998.
May has lived in Canada since she moved/arrived/came/immigrated here from
Vietnam in 1998. COMPLEX
* NOTE: simple past instead past perfect
Past perfect is not commonly used by native English
speakers.
May has lived in Canada since she had moved here
from Vietnam in 1998.
May has lived in Canada since she moved here from
Vietnam in 1998.
-since – reason, same as ‘because’
I am a little frustrated right now because the internet
keeps dropping out.
I am a little frustrated right now since the internet
keeps dropping out.
Because the internet keeps dropping out, I am a
little frustrated right now.
Since the internet keeps dropping out, I am a little
frustrated right now.
because/since – Your choice. Mix it up!
due to + noun
I am a little frustrated right now due to the internet
dropping out. SIMPLE
‘dropping’- noun, gerund
-until – time (waiting)
I will wait until you finish.
Until you finish, I will wait. Don’t sound
natural. Sounds like poetry. Good for a poem or a song, or a love letter. Use
your ear. Does it sound good?
I have been waiting for you until now. SIMPLE
I was waiting for you until 10 pm. SIMPLE
I was waiting for you until I fell asleep. COMPLEX
I was waiting for you until your sister called me. COMPLEX
I will keep learning English until I am fluent.
COMPLEX
Sara will keep learning English until she is fluent.
COMPLEX
NOTE: until – good for writing
- til – very casual, good for
talking not for school writing
Same as ‘because’ -
for writing ‘cause’- very casual talking, not for school writing
-when/while
when – one time
while – two actions happening at the same time
You were working while I was sleeping.
While you are in school, your kids are in daycare.
Students were using their cell phones while the teacher was
teaching.
STRANGE Maria was washing the dishes while the phone rang.
phone rang *
washing
_______________________________
Maria was washing the dishes while the phone was ringing.
UNLIKELY
while – Maria was washing the dishes while her husband was
sweeping the floor.
sweeping *******************************************
washing
___________________________________________
I can’t talk to you while I am driving. I will call you back
when I park my car.
Sarah was washing the dishes when the phone rang. one moment
in
time
Sarah was washing the dishes while Joe was watching TV.
My daughter was reading while I was playing guitar.
simple present
I get up early while you get up late.
TRUE FACT: It is difficult to differentiate between these
right now. That will come with practice.
‘while’ fits well with continuous tenses ‘ing’
My dog stares at me while I am sleeping.
My dog likes to hold hands while he is lying down.
since/ever since
since – time
ever since – feel like a long time
Marie has been waiting for the bus since 10:15. (less than
five minutes) SIMPLE
Marie has been waiting for the bus ever since 9:45. (more
than 35 minutes) SIMPLE
ever since – feels longer than it should be
Min has been living in Vancouver since she came to Canada.
COMPLEX
Mui has been living in Vancouver ever since she came to
Canada in 1975. COMPLEX -adverb clause
We have been friends since we were nine years old.
We have been BFFs ever since we were nine years old.
BFF – best friends forever
* since- Maria has lived in Canada since 1990. simple
Maria has lived in Canada since she
moved from Indonesia in 1990. complex- adverb clause
*since / ever since
since – time
ever since – long time
Maria has lived in Canada since 2018. SIMPLE SENTENCE
Maria has lived in Canada ever since 1978. long time
SIMPLE SENTENCE
Maria has lived in Canada since she moved from Japan in
2018. COMPLEX SENTENCE adverb clause
Maria has lived in Canada ever since she moved
from Japan in 1978. long time
If something feels like a long time, use ‘ever since’.
We have been in class since 8:30. doesn’t feel like a long
time
We have been waiting for the bus ever since 8:30. feels like
a long time
MODELS using ‘since’ in simple sentences:
I came to Canada since 2019. XXX
I came to Canada in 2019. SIMPLE
I have lived in Canada since 2019. SIMPLE
I have been in Canada for two years. SIMPLE
I lived in Canada since 2019. Not the best verb choice.
I have lived in Canada since 2019.
I have lived in Canada since April, 2019.
I have lived in Canada since April 24th, 2019.
while-
He sings while he is driving. COMPLEX
He sings while driving. SIMPLE
The music is beautiful while sad. sounds like grammar book
The music is beautiful but sad. sounds more authentic SIMPLE
The music is beautiful, but it is sad. COMPOUND
-whenever -every time
Whenever her dog is left alone, he tips over the
garbage and makes a mess.
Her dog tips over the garbage and makes a mess whenever
he is left alone.
Emiko feels homesick whenever she looks at her photo
album of family pictures.
Whenever Emiko looks at her photo album of family
pictures, she feels homesick.
Whenever he drinks water, he spills it all over himself like
an old man or a kid.
**Source of confusion- difference between compound and
complex sentences, specifically transitional terms and adverbial conjunctions (adverb
clause words)
* Compound sentence – transitional
term
It snowed last night; therefore,
the roads were slick this morning.
* Complex sentence – adverbial
conjunction (adverb clause words)
The roads were slick this morning because
it snowed last night.
These are different kinds of sentences. They may look
similar, but they are not. Definitely you will get them confused sometimes.
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