Monday, 4 October 2021

EF56 review paragaph, adverb clauses

 

English Foundations 5/6

Good morning, everyone.

We will get started at 8:30.

 

*REMINDER- Monday October 11th is Thanksgiving. No school.

 

Vietnamese sandwiches – Victoria and 38th

Bahn Mi

- veggies, sliced meat and sauce(?) on baquette

-baquette – French bread, long and narrow, crispy

 

Marcello’s – good pizza, Commercial Drive

Commercial Drive has always been the Italian area of Vancouver.

Fraser Street used to be the German area of Vancouver.

Steveston used to be the Japanese area, as was Powell Street “Japantown”  area in Vancouver. During the Second Wrold War, the Canadian governmen forced all Japanese people to leave the coast.

 

 

Today’s agenda

·      Review Test#2- paragraph on Residential Schools

·      Begin complex sentences- adverb clauses

·      “Rosa Parks”

 

 

Tuesday

·      Causative verbs- I will email this to you today.

·      Continue adverb clauses

·      Continue “Rosa Parks” “Viola Desmond”

 

 

Wednesday

·      Quiz#3- adverb clauses

·      Continue “Rosa Parks” “Viola Desmond”

·      “Little Rock Nine”

 

 

Thursday

* You will have a sub. I have a meeting all day.

 

 

Friday

·      Test#3 – paragraph on weekly topic

 

 

 

 

 

Test#2- paragraph on Residential Schools

Rewrite for one bonus point. Submit it by tomorrow. Like free money on the ground.

 

POINTS

1.    Don’t copy! Plagiarism – copying from another text.

2.    Focus on topic sentence. Begin your writing with a topic sentence. The topic sentence should be very closely connected to the question.

“Why did we have the National Day of Truth and Reconciliation?”

Example TS: Yesterday, we had the first National Day of Truth and Reconciliation. We had that holiday to remember what happened to First Nations children in the Canadian Residential Schools.

on-topic, begins your paragraph on topic

 

3.    Focus on good sentences- simple, compound, complex

Use the ones we have been practicing. Follow those styles.

If you having trouble, write shorter sentences. Don’t write long long sentences- big trouble.

Shorter is good.

4.    English Foundations 5 - 125-150 words is ok. It’s better to be a bit shorter with better sentences than long and the sentences not as good.

 

English Foundations 6  150-200 words

English Foundations 5  125-150 words

 

 

wf – word form

dead (adj) The old dog is dead.

died (v) The old dog died.

 

My computer died. My computer is going to die soon. (v)

My computer is dead. (adj)

 

My computer was dead yesterday. Today it seems ok.

 

The battery is dead on my car. I have to get a jump.

jumper cables -

 

You can send or give me your paragraph rewrite for a bonus point by tomorrow.

 

We can help them to have a bright future.

CAUSATIVE VERBS

help

allow

I help my son to fix his bike.

We can help them to have a bright future.

 

allow

I allow my daughter to go to the party.

 

 

 

 

Begin adverb clauses

 

Abverb clauses

 

Sentence styles:

*SIMPLE

*COMPOUND     , SOBA     ;     ; TRANS,

*COMPLEX

- adverb clauses

- noun clauses

- adjective clauses

 

 

COMPLEX SENTENCE- ADVERB CLAUSES- because when if (most commonly used)

 

Two ways to do it:

because – reason

1.    main clause + adverb clause

Jun is happy today because her son is visiting her. no comma

 

2.adverb clause, + main clause 

Because Jun’s son is visiting her, she is happy today. comma

 

** OLD-FASHIONED RULE-   Don’t start your sentences with ‘because’.

I do. We can ignore this rule.

 

 

when - time

1.    main clause + adverb clause

My dog gets up when I get up. no comma

2.    adverb clause, + main clause 

When I get up, my dog gets up. comma

 

if- maybe yes, maybe no, don’t know

1.    main clause + adverb clause

Maria should start saving her money if she wants to buy that expensive dress. no comma

2.    adverb clause, + main clause 

If Maria wants to buy that expensive dress, she should start saving her money. comma

 

 

**

Model for adverb clauses:

Main clause adverb clause.

Adverb clause,  main clause.

**

YOUR CHOICE. You should be able to do it both ways. GOAL!

 

You should call your sister if you want a ride from the airport.

If you want a ride from the airport, you should call your sister.

 

You should call your sister, if you want a ride from the airport. XXX punc

-small error, does not impede understanding, still not right

 

IMPERATIVE: Call your sister.

Call your sister if you want to get a ride.

If you want to get a ride, call your sister.

 

 

 

 

COMPOUND

2 independent clauses put together

COMPLEX

1 independent clause and 1 dependent clause put together

 

COMPOUND

We are going camping this weekend, so we have to pack our gear.

 

COMPLEX

We have to pack our gear because we are going camping this weekend.

Because we are going camping this weekend, we have to pack our gear.

 

Same information- different sentence styles- compound and complex

 

* Adverbial conjunctions (adverb clause words)

Learning these will expand your ability to express your thoughts more clearly and precisely in English.

 

If When you learn these 24, you will be a star in your English class!

 

time-                     after, before, ever since, since, until, when, whenever,

while, when/while

place-                   wherever

condition -          if, even if, provided that, unless

manner-               as, as if, though, although, even though, so ... that

cause-                   because, since

purpose-              in order that, in order to, so that,

 

 

*after- time

The kids did their homework after supper. prepositional phrase SIMPLE

The kids did their homework after SV supper. COMPLEX- ADVERB CL

The kids did their homework after they finished/had/ate supper. no comma

After the kids finished supper, they did their homework. comma

 

This is an important difference!

The kids did their homework after supper. SIMPLE

The kids did their homework after they finished supper. COMPLEX

After they finished supper, the kids did their homework. COMPLEX

 

The kids finished supper, so/and they did their homework. COMPOUND

 

 

* before- Call me before you leave. complex- adverb clause

          Call me before 8pm. simple

 

 

SIMPLE COMPOUND COMPLEX

You are almost ready for UBC.

 

SIDE NOTE: I have a small editing business on the side. I edit papers for UBC and SFU students, mostly nursing students who are getting their masters degrees. When I edit a paper for a university, I use SIMPLE, COMPOUND and COMPLEX sentences.

The stuff we are learning here will get you through school.

 

-since – two meanings: time, reason

since-time

May has lived in Canada since 1998. SIMPLE

May has lived in Canada since SV 1998.

May has lived in Canada since she moved/arrived/came/immigrated here from Vietnam in 1998. COMPLEX

 

* NOTE: simple past instead past perfect

Past perfect is not commonly used by native English speakers.

May has lived in Canada since she had moved here from Vietnam in 1998.

May has lived in Canada since she moved here from Vietnam in 1998.

 

-since – reason, same as ‘because’

I am a little frustrated right now because the internet keeps dropping out.

I am a little frustrated right now since the internet keeps dropping out.

Because the internet keeps dropping out, I am a little frustrated right now.

Since the internet keeps dropping out, I am a little frustrated right now.

 

because/since – Your choice. Mix it up!

 

due to + noun

 

I am a little frustrated right now due to the internet dropping out. SIMPLE

‘dropping’- noun, gerund

 

 

-until – time (waiting)

I will wait until you finish.

Until you finish, I will wait. Don’t sound natural. Sounds like poetry. Good for a poem or a song, or a love letter. Use your ear. Does it sound good?

 

I have been waiting for you until now. SIMPLE

I was waiting for you until 10 pm. SIMPLE

I was waiting for you until I fell asleep. COMPLEX

I was waiting for you until your sister called me. COMPLEX

I will keep learning English until I am fluent. COMPLEX

Sara will keep learning English until she is fluent. COMPLEX

 

NOTE: until – good for writing

- til – very casual, good for talking not for school writing

Same as ‘because’  - for writing     ‘cause’- very casual talking, not for school writing

 

-when/while

when – one time

while – two actions happening at the same time

You were working while I was sleeping.

While you are in school, your kids are in daycare.

Students were using their cell phones while the teacher was teaching.

 

STRANGE Maria was washing the dishes while the phone rang.

 

                                           phone rang  *

­­­­washing   _______________________________

 

Maria was washing the dishes while the phone was ringing. UNLIKELY

 

 

while – Maria was washing the dishes while her husband was sweeping the floor.

sweeping *******************************************

washing    ___________________________________________

 

I can’t talk to you while I am driving. I will call you back when I park my car.

 

 

Sarah was washing the dishes when the phone rang. one moment in

time

 

Sarah was washing the dishes while Joe was watching TV.

My daughter was reading while I was playing guitar.

 

simple present

I get up early while you get up late.

 

 

TRUE FACT: It is difficult to differentiate between these right now. That will come with practice.

 

‘while’ fits well with continuous tenses  ‘ing’

My dog stares at me while I am sleeping.

My dog likes to hold hands while he is lying down.

 

 

 

since/ever since

since – time

ever since – feel like a long time

Marie has been waiting for the bus since 10:15. (less than five minutes) SIMPLE

Marie has been waiting for the bus ever since 9:45. (more than 35 minutes) SIMPLE

ever since – feels longer than it should be

 

Min has been living in Vancouver since she came to Canada. COMPLEX

Mui has been living in Vancouver ever since she came to Canada in 1975. COMPLEX -adverb clause

 

We have been friends since we were nine years old.

We have been BFFs ever since we were nine years old.

BFF – best friends forever

 

 

* since- Maria has lived in Canada since 1990. simple

Maria has lived in Canada since she moved from Indonesia in 1990. complex- adverb clause

 

 

 

*since / ever since

since – time

ever since – long time

 

Maria has lived in Canada since 2018. SIMPLE SENTENCE

Maria has lived in Canada ever since 1978. long time SIMPLE SENTENCE

Maria has lived in Canada since she moved from Japan in 2018. COMPLEX SENTENCE adverb clause

Maria has lived in Canada ever since she moved from Japan in 1978. long time

 

If something feels like a long time, use ‘ever since’.

We have been in class since 8:30. doesn’t feel like a long time

We have been waiting for the bus ever since 8:30. feels like a long time

 

 

MODELS using ‘since’ in simple sentences:

I came to Canada since 2019. XXX

I came to Canada in 2019. SIMPLE

I have lived in Canada since 2019. SIMPLE

I have been in Canada for two years. SIMPLE

I lived in Canada since 2019. Not the best verb choice.

I have lived in Canada since 2019.

I have lived in Canada since April, 2019.

I have lived in Canada since April 24th, 2019.

 

 

while-

He sings while he is driving. COMPLEX

He sings while driving. SIMPLE

 

The music is beautiful while sad. sounds like grammar book

The music is beautiful but sad. sounds more authentic SIMPLE

The music is beautiful, but it is sad. COMPOUND

 

 

-whenever -every time

Whenever her dog is left alone, he tips over the garbage and makes a mess.

Her dog tips over the garbage and makes a mess whenever he is left alone.

Emiko feels homesick whenever she looks at her photo album of family pictures.

Whenever Emiko looks at her photo album of family pictures, she feels homesick.

Whenever he drinks water, he spills it all over himself like an old man or a kid.

 

 

**Source of confusion- difference between compound and complex sentences, specifically transitional terms and adverbial conjunctions (adverb clause words)

 

* Compound sentence – transitional term

It snowed last night; therefore, the roads were slick this morning.

* Complex sentence – adverbial conjunction (adverb clause words)

The roads were slick this morning because it snowed last night.

 

These are different kinds of sentences. They may look similar, but they are not. Definitely you will get them confused sometimes.

 

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