Review of Sentence Tutorial so far
*SIMPLE- SV SSV SVV Imperative(command) Interrogative(question)
*COMPOUND-
SV, SOBA SV. so or but and
The weather is cold, but at least it isn’t snowing.
SV, SOBA SV.
COMMON ERROR
The weather is cold. But at least it isn’t snowing. Casual, not for school or business
The dog is asleep. And he is dreaming.
FIX
The weather is cold, but at least it isn’t snowing.
The dog is asleep, and he is dreaming.
SOBA is for the middle of a compound sentence
The weather is cold. However, at least it isn’t snowing.
The weather is cold. Nevertheless, at least it isn’t snowing.
The weather is cold. Thankfully, at least it isn’t snowing.
The weather is cold. At least it isn’t snowing.
The dog is asleep, and he is dreaming.
The dog is asleep; also, he is dreaming.
The dog is asleep; as well, he is dreaming.
The dog is asleep; furthermore, he is dreaming.
The semicolon gives writing a prestigious look. It sounds so polished and professional.
STEP 1 FOR COMPOUND SENTENCES
SV, SOBA SV.
STEP 2
SV; SV. semicolons
Now, we will go into a deeper level of compound sentences.
We already know about , SOBA
The next step is this ; semicolon
: colon
; semicolon semi-half
quarterfinal- 8 teams left
semifinal- 4 teams left
final- 2 teams left
We use semicolons in compound sentences.
Higher level- fancier, prestige writing, polished, looks great
Well worth learning!
Sometimes people are nervous or uncertain about semicolons.
They aren’t that bad.
Use ; instead of , SOBA
Replace it just like a Lego block.
,but = ;
David likes to swim, but he hates to hike. *jeans and a t-shirt*
David likes to swim; he hates to hike. -looks high level *nice suit*
THIRD STEP- We’ll get there!
David likes to swim; however, he hates to hike
John likes video games, and he likes reading.
John likes video games; he likes reading.
THIRD STEP- We’ll get there!
John likes video games; also, he likes reading.
6 ways to write the same thing:
Susie loves to read books. Susie loves to do her homework. 2 SIMPLES
Susie loves to read books and loves to do her homework. SIMP
Susie loves to read books and do her homework. SIMPLE – LESS REP
Susie loves to read books, and she loves to do her homework. COMPOUND
*Susie loves to read books; she loves to do her homework. COMPOUND
* This is not as common, not as clear. It is an option.
Susie loves to read books; also, she loves to do her homework. COMPOUND
Susan is driving a car and listening to music. SIMPLE- more natural sounding
Susan is driving a car and is listening to music. REP
6 ways to write the same thing:
Irene likes to draw. Rita likes to draw.
Irene likes to draw, and Rita likes to draw.
Irene likes to draw; Rita likes to draw.
Irene and Rita like to draw. SSV SIMPLE
Both Irene and Rita both like to draw. Choose one both
Irene likes to draw; also, Rita likes to draw.
VERY NATURAL-SOUNDING
Irene likes to draw, and also Rita likes to draw.
If you can say the same thing in a few different ways, you are ready for anything.
, and OR ;
comma goes with SOBA
, so , or , but , and
semicolons- -not used all the time, look really good
COMPOUND SENTENCES- REVIEW
STEP 1
SV, SOBA SV.
STEP 2
SV; SV.
STEP 3
TRANSITIONAL WORDS – usually used with semicolons
e.g. however therefore as well also nevertheless meanwhile
Transitional words are powerful! They will change how you express your ideas.
Transitional words will really make your writing precise. You will be able to say exactly what you want to say.
SOBA – four choices so or but and Not precise
TRANSITIONAL WORDS- dozen and dozens of choices
I will give about 40 to read over and start to learn.
John likes video games and reading. SIMPLE
John likes video games, and he likes reading. COMPOUND
John likes video games; he likes reading. COMPOUND neutral meaning
John likes video games; also, he likes reading. COMPOUND
John likes video games; he likes reading also. OK COMPOUND- HIGHER LEVEL- IGNORE THIS FOR NOW
, so – give a reason
It is rainy today. I didn’t bring my bike. 2 SIMPLES
It is rainy today, so I didn’t bring my bike. COMPOUND
It is rainy today; I didn’t bring my bike. COMPOUND neutral
It is rainy today; therefore, I didn’t bring my bike. COMPOUND
It is rainy today; accordingly, I didn’t bring my bike. COMPOUND
It is rainy today; for this reason, I didn’t bring my bike. COMPOUND
Sarah loves to play sports; for example, she plays volleyball, badminton, football and tennis.
COMMON ERROR
Sarah loves to play sports; for example, volleyball, badminton, football and tennis. SV missing
FIX
Sarah loves to play sports; for example, she likes/enjoys volleyball, badminton, football and tennis.
Sarah loves to play sports; for instance, she plays volleyball, badminton, football and tennis. Sounds good!
Sarah loves to play sports; as an example, she enjoys volleyball.
as an example- one example
Junko grew up in a small village in Japan; Seon grew up on a farm in rural Korea.
Junko grew up in a small village in Japan; similarly, Seon grew up on a farm in rural Korea.
Junko grew up in a small village in Japan; in the same way, Seon grew up on a farm in rural Korea.
Dave works as an electrical engineer; similarly, Hakim is an electrician.
David likes to swim but hates to hike. SIMPLE
David likes to swim, but he hates to hike. COMPOUND
David likes to swim; he hates to hike. neutral meaning COMPOUND
David likes to swim; however, he hates to hike. COMPOUND
HIGHER LEVEL
On one hand, David likes to swim; on the other hand, he hates to hike.
on the other hand – compare two things
Joe is a really weird dude; on the other hand, he is a ton of fun to hang out with.
Vancouver is a beautiful city to live in; on the other hand, housing is incredibly expensive.
Sheri likes the iPhone 13; on the other hand, the Galaxy 9 is pretty nice, too.
, too - decoration, embellishment, icing on the cake
Transitional Terms
Transitional words and phrases help paragraphs read more smoothly by improving the connections between supporting sentences.
MODEL: Use a period or semicolon between the sentences and a comma after the transitional term.
For example: Richmond is an exciting city to live in; in particular, its Asian influence makes for a very multicultural environment. COMPOUND
Richmond is an exciting city to live in. In particular, its Asian influence makes for a very multicultural environment. 2 SIMPLES
David likes to swim. He hates to hike. 2 SIMPLES
Davis likes to swim but hates to hike. SIMPLE
David likes to swim, but he hates to hike. COMPOUND
David likes to swim; he hates to hike. COMPOUND
David likes to swim; however, he hates to hike. COMPOUND
David likes to swim. However, he hates to hike. 2 SIMPLES
There is a lot of wonderful choice here for your sentence writing. Your sentence never have to be repetitive; you have many options to choose from.
MY ADVICE: Use semicolons sparingly. A semicolon helps glue two main clauses together. A semicolon show that the two are closely connected.
HERE ARE ABOUT 80 TRANSITIONAL TERMS FOR YOU TO USE:
Addition , and
; also, ; furthermore, ; in addition,
Also, Furthermore, In addition,
Consequence , so
; accordingly, ; as a result, ; consequently, ; for this reason,
; for this purpose, ; hence, ; subsequently, ; therefore, ; thus,
Accordingly, As a result, Consequently, For this reason,
For this purpose, Hence, Subsequently, Therefore, Thus,
e.g accordingly
Shira is very nervous driving in snow; accordingly, she took her time getting home when the roads were icy last week.
; semicolon – strong glue between clauses
Shira is very nervous driving in snow. Accordingly, she took her time getting home when the roads were icy last week.
Shira is very nervous driving in snow, so she took her time getting home when the roads were icy last week.
AVOID THIS
It is cold, so I wore a hat; therefore, I was warm.
FIX
It is cold, so I wore a hat. Therefore, I was warm.
Generalizing
as a rule, as usual, for the most part, generally, ordinarily, usually
e.g. Mike likes to stay fit; as a rule, he gets 30 minutes of exercise every day.
Mike likes to stay fit; generally speaking, he gets 30 minutes of exercise every day.
Mike likes to stay fit. Generally speaking, he gets 30 minutes of exercise every day.
Exemplifying
chiefly, especially, for instance, in particular, namely, particularly, specifically, for one thing, as an illustration, as an example, for example
Emphasis – shows something is most important
above all, chiefly, especially, particularly, in particular, singularly, moreover, most importantly
e.g. Shira loves the parks in Vancouver; in particular, she really enjoys looking at the flowers in QE Park.
Similarity
correspondingly, likewise, in the same way, similarly, by the same token,
Contrast , but
conversely, instead, on one hand, on the other hand, on the contrary, rather, however, in contrast
e.g. Canada has public medical coverage for its citizens, but the US has mostly private medical coverage.
Canada has public medical coverage for its citizens; on the contrary, the US has mostly private medical coverage.
Sequence
first, at first, first of all, firstly, secondly, thirdly, to begin with, in the first place, at the same time, for now, for the time being, in time, in turn, later on, next, then, soon, later, earlier, simultaneously, afterward, finally
Restatement
in essence, in other words, namely, that is, that is to say, to put it differently
Summarizing – alternatives to in conclusion
after all, all in all, all things considered, briefly, by and large, in any case, in any event, in brief, in conclusion, on the whole, in short, in summary, in the final analysis, in the long run, on balance, to sum up, to summarize, in a nutshell
Learn these. Study these. You probably know a bunch of them already. I bet there are some new ones.
Your sentence writing ability will just keep getting bigger and bigger.
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