EF7 11 Class 39 National Indigenous Peoples' Day

 

Good morning, everyone.

 

Today’s agenda:

·      National Indigenous Peoples' Day

·      Presentation work

·      Optional Replacement test or quiz (last 55m of class)

 

 

Thursday

·      Continue essay work

“The Bare Bones of the Five-Paragraph Essay”

“The Benefits of Cycling”

·      Animal Farm Chapter 9

·      Presentation work

IF TIME

·      Continue parallelism

·      Continue sentence combining

·      Remaining verb exercises – verb tenses, phrasal verbs

 

 

Friday

·      Continue essay work

·      Animal Farm Chapter 10

·      Finish presentation work

 

IF TIME

·      Continue parallelism

·      Continue sentence combining

·      Remaining verb exercises – verb tenses, phrasal verbs

 

 

Monday

·      Presentation day

·      Animal Farm Chapter 10

 

Tuesday

·      Final test AF Ch 7-10 – essay

I will not have much time to mark the essay in detail- grammar

I’ll read it and give a mark.

 

Wednesday

·      Marks Day

·      Final class

·      Not an instructional day

We can meet one-on-one to discuss your final result.

 

 

 

First Nations

 

Lecture notes for First Nations

 

·      Starting in May, 2021

·      Unmarked graves of First Nations children have been found on the grounds of old Residential Schools, 315 kids? in Kamloops

·      more and more unmarked graves discovered across Canada

·      1700 graves found so far

ground-penetrating radar

·      probably hundreds and hundreds, thousands more across Canada

 

·      Residential Schools- over 4000 kids died, maybe 6000

 

·      Residential Schools all across Canada

https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/residential-schools-in-canada-interactive-map

·      Organized by the Canadian government, run by the churches, paid for by the federal government

·      about 150 000 First Nations kids were forcibly taken away from their families to Residential Schools from 1860s to 1990s.

 

Revelations- big ugly secrets-

·      Focus of BC new curriculum- First Nations

First Nations ways of knowing, culture, history in Canada

e.g. First Peoples English 12

Very interesting area of study – good choice - First Peoples 10, First Peoples English 11, and First Peoples 12

We offer these classes at South Hill – some students do both

 

·      My school experiences- none of the history, social studies, was about First Nations

The focus was history class was on Europeans, settlers, White men in Canada

male-centred, Euro-centred

 

·      lots of First Nations kids in my school, segregated,

seemed normal

 

·      racism towards First Nations people “Indians”

dismissive, belittling, negative stereotypes

 

** Maybe tell these stories

·      policy at my university – have to finish your degree in seven years

students/ professors –led initiative to change it to 10 yrs

 

·      racism against First Nations – BCTF AGM story

700 teachers

“equity-seeking groups” wanted representation

 

Overview - introduction

·      First Nations -Who they are?

·      Small groups

“What do you know about First Nations people in Canada?”

Generate ideas on LCD

 

Three groups of people constitute Indigenous Peoples in Canada, also called First Peoples. Also called Aboriginal.

old word, outdated vocab Indian

1. First Nations

2. Inuit

3. Métis

 

First Nations came into common usage in the 1980s to replace the term ‘Indians’ Native

 

·      Talk about origin of the word ‘Indian’ due to geographical misunderstanding, West Indies

 

·      First Nations- Indigenous people in the South (below Arctic Circle). Half of all First Nations bands are in Ontario and BC.

·      Inuit are the Indigenous people who live in the North. Used to be called ‘Eskimo’- disparaging term from French Esquimaux, from Montagnais ayas̆kimew ‘person who laces a snowshoe’. Montagnais, or Innu, are the Indigenous inhabitants of an area they refer to as Nitassinan, which comprises most of the northeastern portion of the present-day province of Quebec and some eastern portions of Labrador.

Discredited etymology ‘raw fish eater’

Website: https://www.itk.ca/about-canadian-inuit/#nunangat

Show map: “Inuit Map”

·      Metis - a person of mixed Indigenous and European ancestry

1600s and 1700s - Fur trading European men came to hunt animals, like beavers

Fr- do not pronounce the ‘s’   may-tee

 

In particular one of a group of such people who in the 19th century constituted the so-called Metis nation in the areas around the Red and Saskatchewan rivers. Metis comes from the French word ‘métis’, which means ‘mixed’.

 

·      First Nations/ Inuit/ Metis

·      Where did these people come from?

·      First Nations creation myths/ stories

myth – legend, fiction, story, explains real life

Greek Myth- e.g. Echo-magical creature- nymph, Narcissus- narcissist

 

Every group has a creation story/myth

Bible- Garden of Eden, Adam and Eve

 

Koran- Quran - simlar story

 

 

Different First Nations groups have different creation stories.

 

·      Read “The Beginning of the Haidi Gwaii World” on LCD

·      Talk about Raven

- prominent role in the mythologies of the Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast, including the Tsimishians, Haidas, Heiltsuks, Tlingits, Kwakwaka'wakw, Coast Salish, Koyukons, and Inuit. The raven in these indigenous peoples' mythology is the Creator of the world, but it is also considered a trickster god.

-two different raven characters:

-the creator raven, responsible for bringing the world into being and who is sometimes considered to be the individual who brought light to the darkness

-the childish raven, always selfish, sly, conniving, and hungry

 

The Beginning of the Haida Gwaii World

 

In the beginning, before the creation of the world, the earth was completely covered by a vast ocean and the sky was all grey clouds. The cloud kingdom was ruled by the great Sha-lana. Sha-lana's Chief servant was Raven.

One day Raven enraged his master and was cast out into the ocean world. He flew over the ocean for a long period of time until he became weary. Unable to find a place to rest, Raven became angry. He began to beat his wings upon the water until the water rose up and touched the clouds around him.

When the water receded back into the ocean there appeared rocks upon which Raven rested. These rocks grew and stretched across the ocean. The rocks turned into sand and after a short period of time trees began to grow on the sand. After many moons the sand had turned into beautiful islands, which we know today as the Haida Gwaii (Queen Charlotte Islands).

Raven enjoyed his kingdom, yet he became bored and lonely. He decided he needed someone to help him. So one day he gathered two large piles of clam shells upon the beach and transformed them into two human females. These two women complained saying that they should not have both been created as women. So to make them happy Raven threw limpet shells at one and turned her into a man, creating the Haida Gwaii people."

 

Clark, E., Indian Legends of Canada, McClelland and Stewart: Toronto, 1991.

https://royalbcmuseum.bc.ca/exhibits/bc-archives-time-machine/galler07/frames/oralhist.htm

 

 

·      Show pictures “Raven1” “Raven2” “Raven and the First Men”

“Spirit of Haida Gwaii”, other pictures jewelry

·      Different First nations have different stories-

e.g.Micmac, Mi'kmaq, Glooscap

 

about 630 different nations in Canada- all different stories

 

·      Scientists- science-

anthropologists -anthropology – study of ancient people

Museum of Anthropology- UBC – focus on First Nations

 

-archeology- study of ancient humans, ancient civilations

First Nations – oral tradition, all spoken, no writing system, all storytelling

-transmitting culture and survival skills- plants, herbs, hunting, fishing, travelling, seasons,