Good morning, everyone.
2023 Grad ceremony
Next Friday, June 16, 1 PM
South Hill Gym- across the field next to Memorial Park
Everybody is welcome to attend. You can cheer on your fellow
students.
Light refreshments provided.
LAST FEW WEEKS OF CLASS- IF TIME leftover verb tenses and phrasal
verbs
Today’s agenda:
·
Begin noun clauses- final type of clause
·
Finish Animal Farm Ch3
·
Test tomorrow- paragraph AF Ch1-3 with “
“
·
Prepare for the test
·
Prepare Animal Farm Ch4
Wednesday
·
Continue noun clauses
·
Test#4 Animal Farm Ch1-3 Paragraph with
“ ”
·
Animal Farm Ch4
·
Thursday
·
Animal Farm Ch4
·
HW Prepare
Animal Farm Chapter 5
Friday
·
Animal Farm Chapter 5
Monday
·
Animal Farm Chapter 5
Tuesday
·
Animal Farm Chapter 6
Wednesday
·
Animal Farm Chapter 6
Noun clauses
REVIEW
Three main sentence types
You have to know and
be able to write them consistently.
*SIMPLE
SV SSV
SVV SSVV Imperative
Interrogative
*COMPOUND
SV, SOBA SV. FANBOYS
It is sunny, yet
it is cold.
It is sunny, but it
is cold.
SV; SV
SV; TRANS, SV
*COMPLEX
ADVERB CLAUSE
ADJECTIVE CLAUSE
NOUN CLAUSE
Noun Clauses
noun – a person,
place, thing, or idea
noun clause S+V
subject and verb
Noun clauses are
used with verbs that have to do with the brain, thinking or cognition: think,
feel, believe, know, understand, forget, remember, realize, remember, etc
cognition(n)
understanding
cognisant, recognize,
Also verbs about
speaking: say, yell, whisper, shout, mention, promise
Noun clauses are all
about from the neck up.
Noun clauses most
often begin with these words: that, what, why, how
TWO POOLS OF VOCAB
A. think,
feel, believe, know, understand, forget, remember, realize, etc.
B. that,
what, why, how
Choose an A word and
put it with a B word.
Mix and match A+B.
Examples of complex
sentences with noun clauses:
*think + that
Joanne
thinks that her son is very tall
for his age. noun clause SV
I
think that it will rain today.
Jun
doesn’t think that Marta is telling
the truth.
I
think that you forgot your key.
Your
mother doesn’t think that you should
stay out too late tonight.
I
don’t think that you should go
to the party.
Mei’s
sister thinks that Mei should get
a Covid test.
Expressing an
opinion- noun clauses are very useful
modal-
should, must, ought
to, have got to
You ought to apologize to your sister for being
rude to her earlier. SIMPLE
I think that you ought to apologize to your sister for being rude to her earlier.
COMPLEX- N CL
DIFFERENT STYLE: I
think that studying English will
give me new opportunities.
gerund- ‘ing’ noun ,
looks like a verb, but it is a noun
Snowboarding is fun. SIMPLE
I think that
snowboarding is fun. COMPLEX,
NOUN CLAUSE
Raising kids is hard work. SIMPLE
Jaswinder thinks
that raising kids is hard work.
COMPLEX, NOUN CLAUSE
*Use a noun clause
to ascribe an action or words to another person.
HIGHER LEVEL –
Option to omit ‘that’
Jaswinder thinks
that raising kids is hard work.
Jaswinder thinks that
raising kids is hard work.
*realize + that
I realize that I
gave you the wrong answer.
Joe realized that
he cheated him.
Shira got to school
and realized that she forgot her phone at home.
I realize that
you don’t like school, but you
have to do your best.
She noticed that her
friend has been crying.
**You can omit
‘that’ if you wish. It’s perfectly ok to leave it in.
Joe thinks that the
boots are nice. NOUN CL
Joe thinks that
the boots are nice.
Joe thinks the
boots are nice. NOUN CL
*find out that
I found out that
my daughter lied to me.
Jess found out from her
classmate that they have a test today.
Jess found out from
her classmate they have a test today.
*NOTES ‘that’ is a
tricky word in English
that
– many uses
noun
clauses and adjective clauses, confusing
‘that book’
I think that
would be nice. – possibly will happen
I think that will
be nice. – definitely will happen
We could go for a
hike tomorrow. I think that would be nice.
We are going for a
hike tomorrow. I think that will be nice.
How am I doing in
the class? I think that you doing pretty ok.
* wonder + why
I was wondering why
you are always late.
I wonder why my
dog stares at me.
* wonder + how – to
do something
I wonder how I
can fix this computer.
I wonder how the
mouse got into my apartment.
We were wondering
how we could make the server run more efficiently.
She wonders how she
can retain new vocab more effiectively.
Mix and match A and
B pools
TWO POOLS OF VOCAB
A. think,
feel, believe, know, understand, forget, remember, realize, etc.
B. that,
what, why, how
Choose an A word and
put it with a B word.
Mix and match A+B.
*know + why
Jun
doesn’t know why Keiko is angry
at/with him.
Jun
didn’t know why Keiko was angry
at/with him.
Jacob knows why Sarah quit her job.
Jacob
doesn’t know why Sarah quit her
job.
I don’t know why she is not feeling good.
Sarah
knows why her sister is smiling, but she doesn’t want to tell me.
COMPOUND COMPLEX
Why is Mei late
today? question
I don’t know why
Mei is late today. answer, with a noun clause
I don’t know. SIMPLE
I
don’t know why I can’t remember the words that I learned yesterday.
noun cl adjective clause
I don’t know why my car engine
light is on. natural-sounding
I don’t know why my car’s engine
light is on. also ok
I don’t know why
my son was working so hard yesterday.
I don’t know why
you like to climb mountains in the rain.
* like how (less
common)
I
like how you always listen to me. pays attention to your words
Sarah
doesn’t like how her husband loses his temper easily.
Sarah
doesn’t know why her husband loses his temper easily.
lose
your temper- get very angry
Sarah
doesn’t like how it rains so much in Vancouver.
Sarah
doesn’t like that it rains so much in Vancouver.
Dora
thinks that her son is on his phone too much. She doesn’t like how/that
he spends so much time staring at the screen.
I
like how you sang that song.
She
likes how he tells funny stories.
I
like how you treated me when I was sick.
Sarah
likes how her mother cooks chicken.
* say that
Michelle
said that she would come early
today.
The
teacher said that we will do a quiz on Friday.
The
little boy said that there was a monster under his bed.
Sahara
said that there will be a party on Saturday.
I
said that I would pick up some milk on the way home.
My
mother said that the recipe is easy to make.
I
didn’t say that I would do that.
My
son said that he will treat me to
lunch/ to dimsum next Sunday.
treat
someone to lunch- you invite someone and pay
My
treat! It’s on me! I will treat you.
I insist.
We’ll
split the bill.
Boxer
said, “I will work harder!”
Boxer
said that he would work harder. N CL
* forget why
Sharin
forgot why she came into the
kitchen.
I
forget why I called you.
REMINDER:
A. think,
feel, believe, know, understand, forget, remember, realize, etc.
B. that,
what, why, how
Knowing which A goes
with which B is the tricky part. That will take a lot of listening to English
speakers, reading, etc.
Daily practice is
the only way to get better.
Consistent focused
daily practice is the key to acquiring a new skill.
* believe how
I
couldn’t believe how hard it was to immigrate to Canada.
I
don’t believe how much I miss my dog.
IDIOM
don’t believe – am very surprised
May
doesn’t believe how much it rains in Vancouver.
I
can’t believe how expensive a purebred puppy is.
shed(v)-
a dog loses hair
Her
dogs sheds a lot.
non-shedding
hypo-allergenic
– will not bother people with allergies
* understand + why
I
understand why you want to stay in English Foundation 5.
Jun’s
mother understood why she wanted to marry Taka.
I
don’t understand why my brother won’t forgive me.
Mary
didn’t understand why her son could not make it to school on time.
I
don’t understand why my tomatoes are not growing.
The
little boy could not understand why he was not allowed to stay up late.
I
don’t understand why people came up with segregation laws/rules.
Joan
understands why she did not pass.
* understand how
I
understand how hard it is to learn a new language.
I
understand how challenging it is to ...
I
don’t understand how you could say that to me.
I
don’t understand how to do this math problem.
I
don’t understand how to make you happy.
Mohamed
didn’t understand how the teaching method could be so different in
Canada than it was back in his home country. adv cl
You probably know a lot of these already. To get comfortable
with these, you really need to use them in your daily life. It’s really
important for you to engage with authentic English daily.
It is only way to learn a language.
HW OPTION Write 2-3 sentence with noun clauses
and email them to me. We will share them tomorrow.
Interesting quotations that point to important themes in the
novel:
“How
they toiled and sweated...” (17)
sweat
equity
“Gee
up, comrade” (17)
“not
an animal on the farm had stolen so much as a mouthful” (17)
“Boxer
with his tremendous muscles always pulled them though” (18)
“Nobody
shirked- or almost nobody” (18)
He was shirking
his responsibility.
“Donkeys
live a long time” (19)
“these
two were never in agreement” (20)
“Snowball
declared that the Seven Commandments could... be reduced to a single maxim...”
(21)
“the
education of the young was more important...” (22)
“who
wants to see Jones come back” (23)
trick, fallacy –
argument that is based on a deception
“Everyone
worked according to his capacity” (18)
Reference
to Karl Marx “From each according to his ability, to each according to his
needs”
MY LECTURE NOTES
Mollie
shirking
Cat
shamelessly lazy, shyster, charmer
Old
Benjamin “unchanged” “would express no opinion” “cryptic answer”
regular
Sunday ceremony, “the meeting”
“the
Hoof and Horn” green and white flag- symbolism, representative of ideal
only
pigs put resolutions, motions- animals vote
meeting
ends “Beasts of England”
Napoleon
& Snowball “never in agreement” (20), beginnings of power struggle
pigs
have headquarters – farm house
Old
Major’s idea, but not in “7 Commandments”
a
mistake or clever plan?
Animal
committees, all failures, animals reverting to type
literacy
program, Benjamin “nothing worth reading” (21), most animals functionally
illiterate, illiterate masses- can’t read or don’t read
therefore
Snowball reduces seven commandments to “single maxim”
“essential
principle of animalism” 4 legs good, 2 legs bad
Napoleon
takes nine puppies to raise seperate from the other animals
milk
and apples go to the pigs, Squealer spins it with fallacious argument evoking
science, specter of Mr. Jones, pigs sacrificing for animals
spin(v)-
clever lies to deceive people
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