Good morning, everyone.
Michelle Yeoh’s 2023 commencement speech
to Harvard Law School.
Michelle Yeoh’s tips for when you are
going through a tough time:
1.
Stay loose
2.
Know your limits
3.
Find your people
Find your tribe. Find like-minded,
supportive people to surround yourself with.
wedding reception-
Today’s agenda:
·
begin adjective clauses
·
Talk about “” more, option
·
Test#4 about “I Confess” and/or “Dead Man’s
Path”
EXTRA- IF TIME
·
Phrasal verb exercises
·
Verb tense exercises from last week.
·
HW Prepare
AF Ch1- read, make notes for the thought questions
Tuesday
·
Begin Animal Farm
AF Ch1
EXTRA- IF TIME
·
Phrasal verb exercises
·
Verb tense exercises from last week.
Wednesday
·
HW Prepare
AF Ch2- read, make notes for the thought questions
REVIEW Sentence types:
* SIMPLE- one main clause
SV SSV
SVV SSVV Imperative
Interrogative
STYLE ADVICE: If something is important and you want to
people to remember it, write it in a simple sentence.
-powerful, clear, direct
* COMPOUND – two main clauses joined together
1. , FANBOYS , SOBA
2. ; semicolon
3. ; TRANS,
Transitional words and terms: e.g. however therefore
also nevertheless to tell the truth in general
moreover
* COMPLEX – one main clause + one subordinate clause
1. adverb
clauses- because when if
since so that so...that, as, while, whenever, so that,
before, after, etc
2. THIS WEEK adjective clauses
3. NEXT WEEK noun
clause- verbs- feel think say know believe / pronouns?- that why how
***
COMPLEX SENTENCES
adjective clauses – more in-depth, more detailed
keep it as simple as possible to start- start basic and then
go deeper
adjectives – describes a noun
the red hat adjective
the nice red hat adjective
He is wearing a green hat.
green- new at a job, don’t know what you’re doing yet
ORDER OF ADJECTIVES (or other nouns functioning as
adjectives):
opinion, size, age, shape, colour, material, origin, purpose
NOUN
It is a beautiful diamond ring.
It is a diamond beautiful ring. XXX
opinion, size, age, shape, colour, material, origin, purpose
NOUN
My grandmother broke her gorgeous sky-blue English teapot.
Shari loves to listen to ancient Persian music.
The dog plays with a big round plastic chew toy.
Yuko collects old Japanese tea sets.
I got some coffee cups. coffee- noun, acting like
an adjective
I love coffee. Coffee- noun, acting like a noun
neck tie school
book sports shoes eyeglasses
water bottle
individual adjectives – good for simple ideas
e.g black tea, herbal tea, green tea, Orange Pekoe, mint
tea, apple tea
cinnamon tea
more complicated, in-depth description – use adjective
clauses
e.g. I love the tea that my sister makes from flower
petals.
complicated ideas – my sister made it, made from flower
petals
I love my sister’s flower-petal tea.
More complicated ideas- use an adjective clause
Three most common pronouns for adjective clauses: who that
which
*** 95% of the time- who that which ***
Other less commonly used pronouns for adjective clauses:
whom, where, whose
PARTICULAR POINT OF CONFUSION
whom – rarely used, very fancy sounding, sounds like a
grammar book
Native English speakers rarely use ‘whom’. We say ‘who’.
MY FREE ADVICE: Forget about ‘whom’. It is not important.
One exception about ‘whom’. writing to someone, don’t know
who will be receiving the letter
GREETING: To whom it may concern,
Not an everyday occurrence. Pretty rare.
Get the words right!
To whom it may concern,
FORMAL SOUNDING ENGLISH
preposition + whom
to whom from
whom with whom
With whom are you speaking? EXTREMELY FORMAL STYLE, STIFF,
SERIOUS
Who are talking to? CASUAL
Pick your tone. Who are you talking to? What impression are
you trying to make?
FOCUS ON HIGH FREQUENCY WORDS: who that which – 95% of the
time
*who – used for people, any people, sounds nice, sounds
polite and respectful, you can use it for all people
*that- things that are not alive, animals, people (sounds a
little disrespectful, sounds like you don’t like that person)
SUBTLETY IN ENGLISH, signal your opinion of a person:
The guy that my sister married is a creep. adjective
clause
creep- a person who gives you a weird negative feeling,
makes you feel uncomfortable
The man who my other sister married is awesome. adjective
clause
That people that did not respect me are now out of my
life.
The people who are my true friends will always be
with me.
‘that’ -tricky word in English, many uses in English
Who is that? Not an adjective clause, sounds polite
Who is that woman you were talking to?
That is a beautiful baby!
Is that your son? -sounds ok
*which- special things (special to you), unique things
This is a watch that I bought last week. not special, just a
watch
I really like the watch which my dad gave me for my 18th
birthday. special
wedding ring – which
necklace that your grandmother gave you – which
toothbrush – that
glasses- that
*which – special things, unique things
special things- You decide if it is special to you.
I have a silver ring which my son gave me. a special
thing to me
She has a necklace which her son made for her.
Mei is wearing the jade necklace which her grandmother
gave to her.
Shirin is wearing the jade necklace that her grandmother
gave to her. (sounds like a regular necklace, not special)
Clara put the picture which her son painted for her
up on the fridge.
unique things- only one in the world
Beijing, which is the capital of China, hosted the
2022 Olympic Winter Games. unique
GOOD RULE OF THUMB: only one, put commas around it
Edmonton, which has a huge indoor mall, is in north
Alberta.
Marta visited the Eiffel Tower, which is in Paris.
Marta visited the Eiffel Tower that is in Paris. XXX
sounds like there are several Eiffel Tower
The CN Tower, which is in Toronto, has the Edgewalk.
who- people
My neighbour who is very elderly does not like
my son to play in the backyard.
who is very
elderly adj cl SV
elderly(adj) – elder, senior, aged (Biblical), older(sounds
polite), old (doesn’t sound polite), senior citizen
My dad is getting older. He is older now. He is 81.
impolite- one foot/paw in the grave, on his last legs,
knocking on Heaven’s door, long in the tooth, ready to give up the ghost
That old dog is long in the tooth. very old
long in the tooth (idiom)- horses teeth grow their whole
life, also mice, also beavers
Sometimes people who are very elderly start to worry about
going to heaven. They start going to church and praying and reading Holy books.
“They are cramming for the final.”
‘cramming for the final’ - studying all night before a big
test
cram- study hard in a short period of time
‘cram schools’ – Japan, school that promote intense studying
for a exam
CONTINUE TOMORROW
Test#3
You can have your stories out.
Quote from them if you wish, like we practiced.
Do not copy from the stories.
Who was a better role model for the students: Mr Wei or Mr Obi?
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