EF56 Class 25- noun clauses

 

EF56 CW567

Good morning, everyone.

We will get started at 9:15.

 

Today’s agenda:

·      Test#3 – paragraph on “Roses Sing on New Snow”

·      Continue with noun clauses

·      HW  

 

Friday

·      Continue with noun clause

·      Begin quoting module

·      HW Quiz on noun clauses Monday

 

Monday

·      Quiz on noun clauses

·      Begin sentence fragments and run-on sentences

·      Continue quoting module

 

Tuesday

·      Begin sentence combining

 

 

Review of Paragraph Writing

 

FORMAT

-paper orientation

-name and class in top right corner

-one block of writing (150-250 ww)

-doublespace

-pen

-write between the margins

-indent first word

 

CONTENT

Grabber(highly recommended)

Topic sentence that addresses the question, responds to the question

Supporting sentences- focus on the supporting the TS

Concluding sentence

 

PROCESS WRITING

Prewriting- planning – note down key ideas, rich vocab, “prime the pump”

Writing- write the sentences

 

 

Write a 150-250 paragagraph on one of the following topics.

Pass it in by 10:30.

1.    Why did Maylin work so hard cooking in the restaurant?

2.    Why did Malyin argue with the governor?

 

Break until 10:40

 

 

 

Noun Clauses- last kind of clause

 

Review of sentence styles:

1.    Simple        SV   SSV   SVV   SSVV   Imperative   Interrogative

2.    Compound          SV, SOBA SV.   FANBOYS SOBA! More practical.

SV; SV.

SV; TRANS, SV.  

      3. Complex    -adverb clauses

                              -adjective clauses

-noun clauses

 

Those are all the sentence styles that you will need. There are derivations on these basic styles, but these three styles of sentences are the foundations for all writing.

- absolute basic skills that you must have down cold, automatic.

The only way to get it down cold is to practice- steady, everyday, consistent practice.

The hard work will pay off.

 

SIDE POINT:

Grammerly – checks grammar and spelling

                     -gives suggestions about grammar

                     -gives suggests about phrasing, word choice

grammery.com – free option

 

MSWord has a grammarcheck. It will make suggestions.

 

My wife uses to use it but not anymore.

 

It is like having training wheels on your bicycle. At some point, you have to take off the training wheels.

 

*The best #1 way to improve sentence writing is to practice the sentence styles and, very importantly, read in English.

You do not have to read difficult books.

A few suggestions:

-         Read the news- cbc.ca   globalnews.ca   bc.ctvnews.ca

-         Read books for teenagers. Young Adult books.

Talk to the librarian about suitable books for you

-         Read magazines. -food, cooking (https://www.bonappetit.com), sports (Sports Illustrated www.si.com/), computers, gaming, travel, music, science, psychology, children

 

Fiction for adults. Pick a genre that you like.

genre- types of stoires: romance, fantasy, science fiction, horror, action, humour

 

Non-fiction for adults

genre- documemtary (film), history, biography, autobiography, science, psychology, neurology, human behaviour, dog behaviour

 

Read something!

 

Set a goal.

My goal is to read about 50 pages a day. One book a week.

50 books a year.

My personal guideline: I give a book 50 pages. If I like it, I finish it. Don’t give up too early.

 

You could read 10 5 pages a day.

 

It’s like doing pushups.

 

Go to the Vancouver Public Library. Find something you like. Try it.

 

VPL Book Club- https://www.vpl.ca/program/book-clubs-adults

 

It’s very good for the brain.

The power is in your hands. If you want it, you can get it.

 

 

 

 

Noun Clauses

 

Noun clauses are part of complex sentences.

Noun clauses are used with verbs that have to do with the brain, thinking or cognition: think, feel, believe, know, understand, forget, remember, realize

 

recognize- understand again

 

Also verbs about speaking: say, yell, whisper, shout, state

 

Noun clauses most often begin with these words: that, what, why, how

 

Two lists of words:

A.   think, feel, believe, know, understand, forget, remember, realize, say, mention, yell, shout, whisper, etc.

B.    that, what, why, how

 

Choose an A word and put it with a B word.

Mix and match A+B to make noun clauses.

 

Examples of complex sentences with noun clauses:

Your example:

*think + that

I think that he is upset about his report card. main clause noun clause

Joanne thinks that her son is very tall for his age. noun clause

Jun thinks that it will rain today.

Jun doesn’t think that Marta is telling the truth.

I think that you forgot your key.

Shira doesn’t think that she should stay out too late tonight.

I don’t think that you should go to the party.

Mei’s sister thinks that Mei should get a Covid test.

DIFFERENT STYLE: I think that studying English will give me new opportunities. gerund

 

OPTION – Omit ‘that’

Jun thinks that it will rain today.

Jun thinks that it will rain today.

Jun thinks it will rain today. AUTHENTIC, VERY NATURAL-SOUNDING

We think it will rain today.

 

*realize + that

I realize that I gave you the wrong answer.

I realized that he cheated me.

I got to school and realized that I forgot my phone at home.

I realize that you don’t like math class, but you have to do your best.

 

**You can omit ‘that’ if you wish. It’s pefectly ok to leave it in. I will not teach it that way. I will keep it simple.

Either way is ok.

Joe thinks the boots are nice.

Joe thinks that the boots are nice.

 

*find out – learn, discover

I found out that my daughter has potential in piano.

Joe found out from his classmate that they have a test today.

Maria found out that her boss will be getting transfered to a new branch next week.

 

*NOTES ‘that’ is a tricky word in English

that – many uses

noun clauses and adjective clauses, confusing

          pronoun ‘that book’

- a lot of different functions, a lot of different uses

 

The book that she read was very funny. adj cl

I think that the book was very funny. n cl

That guy thinks that the book that she read was very funny.

Three ‘that’s- different uses

 

DETAIL

I think that would be nice. – possibly will happen

I think that will be nice. – definitely will happen

 

We could go for a hike tomorrow. I think that would be nice.

We are going for a hike tomorrow. I think that will/ that’ll be nice.

 

* wonder + why

I was wondering why you are always so happy.

I wonder why my dog stares at me.

Jun was wondering why his sister isn’t speaking to him.

Maria isn’t speaking to Jun. She is mad at him.

 

IDIOM no wonder – obvious, very clear, no doubt

He spends a lot of money on clothes and jewelry. It is no wonder why he’s always broke. No wonder he’s broke. No wonder. It’s not a surprise.

 

* wonder + how – to do something

I wonder how I can fix this computer.

I wonder how the mouse got into my apartment.

Marie wonders how her boss got a promotion.

 

*know + why

Jim doesn’t know why Keiko is angry at/with him.

Jim didn’t know why Keiko was angry at/with him.

          Jacob knows why Sarah quit her job.

Jacob doesn’t know why Sarah quit her job.

          I don’t know why she is not feeling well.

          Sarah knows why her sister is smiling, but she doesn’t want to tell me. COMPOUND COMPLEX

Do you know why the bus is late?

Do you know why Sarah has missed a week of school?

 

Why is Mei late today? question

I don’t know why Mei is late today. answer, with a noun clause

I don’t know. SIMPLE

 

I don’t know why I can’t remember the words that I learned yesterday. noun clause adjective clause

 

I don’t know why my car engine light is on. natural-sounding

I don’t know why my car’s engine light is on. also ok

 

Marie doesn’t know why her son was working so hard yesterday.

Kat doesn’t know why you like to climb mountains in the rain.

The teacher doesn’t know why the class is so quiet today.

Nasrin doesn’t know why her friend failed her English exam.

 

* like + how (less common)   how – situation, scenario

I like how you always listen to me. pays attention to your words

Sarah doesn’t like how her husband loses his temper easily.

Sarah doesn’t know why her husband loses his temper easily.

lose your temper- get very angry

Sarah doesn’t like how it rains so much in Vancouver.

Sarah doesn’t like that it rains so much in Vancouver.

 

I like how you sang that song.

She likes how he tells funny stories.

I like how you treated me when I was sick.

Sarah likes how her mother cooks chicken.

Mr.Smith doesn’t like how his wife drives.

 

* say + that

Michelle said that she would come early today.

The teacher said that we will do a quiz on Friday.

The little boy said that there was a monster under his bed.

Sahara said that there will be a party on Saturday.

I said that I would pick up some milk on the way home.

pick up – buy quickly

 

My mother said that the recipe is easy to make.

I didn’t say that I would do that.

My son said that he will treat us to lunch/ to dimsum next Sunday.

treat someone to lunch- you invite someone and pay

My treat! It’s on me! I insist.

 

We’ll split the bill. Seperate checks.

 

* forget + why

Sharin forgot why she came into the kitchen.

I forget why I called you.

Mike forgot why he was mad at his brother.

 

 

 

REMINDER:

A.   think, feel, believe, know, understand, forget, remember, realize, say, whisper, etc.

B.    that, what, why, how

 

Put an A and a B together to make a noun clause.

 

Knowing which A goes with which B is the challenging part. That will take a lot of listening to English speakers, reading, etc.

 

* believe how

Mr. Hassim couldn’t believe how hard it was to immigrate to Canada.

She can’t believe how much she misses her dog.

IDIOM don’t believe – am very surprised

May doesn’t believe how much it rains in Vancouver.

I can’t believe how expensive a purebred puppy is.

shed(v)- a dog loses hair

Her dogs sheds a lot.

non-shedding

hypo-allergenic – will not bother people with allergies

 

* understand + why

I understand why you want to stay in English Foundation 5.

Jun’s mother understood why she wanted to marry Taka.

Sarah doesn’t understand why her brother won’t forgive her.

Mary didn’t understand why her son could not make it to school on time.

 

* understand how

You understand how hard it is to learn a new language.

I understand how challenging it is to raise children.

I don’t understand how you could say that to me.

 

DIFFERENT STYLE- VERY COMMON

Susan doesn’t understand how to do this math problem.

 

Susan doesn’t understand how she can do this math problem. OK

Susan doesn’t understand how to do this math problem. BETTER

Sounds more natural, like a native-born English speaker, authentic

 

Susan doesn’t understand how to do this math problem. BETTER

 

New style: how SV  //  how infinitive – both ways are common

John does not know how to play piano.

Mr. Wong knows how to speak English and Mandarin.

Mei doesn’t understand how to make her daughter happy.

Sarah doesn’t know how to fix ABC.

Aghbal knows how to drive a big truck.

Do you know how to make dumplings?

I don’t know how to use a sewing machine.

I don’t know how to find opportunities to use English in my daily life.

She is not sure how to express her ideas clearly in English.

 

 

NICE COMPLICATED SENTENCE

Mohamed didn’t understand how the teaching method could be so different in Canada than it was back in his home country. adv cl

 

* understand why

Clara doesn’t understand why her tomatoes are not growing well.

The little boy could not understand why he was not allowed to stay up late.

I don’t understand why people came up with segregation laws/rules.

Joan understands why she did not pass.

 

You probably know a lot of these already. To get comfortable with these, you really need to use them in your daily life. It’s really important for you to engage with authentic English daily.

 

COMPLEX SENTENCE – two clauses

Michelle said that she would come early today.

Michelle said – main clause, independent clause

that she would come early today – subordinate clause, dependent clause, noun clause

 

I think that you are a very kind person. complex sentence

 

HW   For homework, try a few of your own sentences with noun clauses. Email them to me by tonight. We will share them tomorrow.

 

A.   think, feel, believe, know, understand, forget, remember, realize, say, whisper, etc.

B.    that, what, why, how

 

Put an A and a B together to make a noun clause.

 

I am/feel happy that you’re here.

I am disappointed that we couldn’t go on vacation because of Covid.

The teacher is angry that we didn’t do our homework.

‘to be’am, is, are = feel

I think that we can ...

Shira thinks that you might go to the movies tonight.

 

 

Noun Clauses

A.    

1.    Who is she? I don’t know who is she. SV

I don’t know who she is.

Very common error- small error

2.    Who are they? I don’t know who they are. I think that they are my neighbours. I hope that they are not robbers.

 

 

 

robber-

burglar – breaks into your apartment

thief- steals something

mugger- robber on the street   The man mugged me. I was mugged.

purse-snatcher-

conman – someone who lies to you to get money, confidence-trust