Good morning, everyone.
We will get started at 9:15.
Today’s agenda:
·
Return
Quiz#5 adverb clauses, go over
·
Begin
adjective clauses
·
Continue
work on writing process: prewriting / writing
·
Continue
Women and Rights module- Viola Desmond, Rosa Parks
Tuesday
·
Continue
adjective clauses
·
Continue
work on writing process: prewriting / writing
·
Continue
Women and Rights module- Viola Desmond, Rosa Parks
Wednesday
·
Test#2-
Paragraph on Women and Rights module, just about Rosa Parks and/or Viola Desmond
·
Continue
Women and Rights module- Malala Yousafzai
Thursday
Substitute
teacher- I will be at a conference.
·
Begin
short story, fiction – “
·
Literary
Terms
Friday
·
Quiz#6
– adjective clauses
·
Continue
with short story, fiction
·
Literary
Terms
Quiz#5
Write
a sentence with an adverb clause for each.
1.
since refuse
Mei refused to
buy her son a PS4 since it is too
expensive.
Since PS4s are so
expensive, Mei refused to buy one
for her son.
2.
if museum
We will go to the museum if it is open.
If it is open, we will go to the museum.
BETTER
If the museum is open, we will go to it. go there.
3.
because ticket
Shira couldn’t go into the
concert because she lost her ticket.
Because she lost her ticket,
Shira couldn’t go into the concert.
BETTER
Because Shira lost her ticket,
she couldn’t go into the concert.
Because Shira lost her ticket
to the concert, she couldn’t get in.
4.
although note
Although Sarah made notes during the class, she still couldn’t
understand/recall the main ideas.
5.
in order to successful support
In order to be successful, you have to be focussed and diligent.
concientious, hardworking
6.
when business
Moe became very busy when he finally opened his car repair business.
Let’s
do some correcting and rewriting. I will come around and help.
Although it is chilly today, but
we will still go to the park. XXX
although
& but – don’t go together, either or
FIX
Although it is chilly today, we will still
go to the park. COMPLEX
It is
chilly today, but we will still go to the park. COMPOUND
Because the ticket to Cirque de
Soleil was very expensive, so Sarah didn’t buy it. XXX
because
& so- don’t go together, either or
FIX
Because the ticket to Cirque de
Soleil was very expensive, Sarah didn’t buy it. COMPLEX
The
ticket to Cirque de Soleil was very expensive, so Sarah didn’t buy it.
COMPOUND
There
are several ways to express the same information.
I
will open a business when I will finish college. XXX
I will open a business when I finish college.
no future tense in an adverb clause
Viola
Desmond- read aloud
She
was born in Nova Scotia. was born
I
was born in China.
birthed borned was born – passive voice
verb
My birthplace
is India.
entrepeneur-
FR- business person
equal(adj)
unequal(adj) equality(n) inequality(n)
kill
time, waste time, save time, spend time
I TAUGHT: She wanted to buy a ticket; however, it was
too expensive.
ANOTHER
WAY TO USE ‘however’
She
wanted to buy a ticket. It was too expensive, however, so she didn’t get it.
HIGHER LEVEL
I
TAUGHT It was too expensive, so she didn’t get it.
fraud(n)
defraud(v)
decade
– 10 years
century
– 100 years
millenium
-1000 years
* SIMPLE- one main
clause
SV
SSV SVV SSVV
Imperative Interrogative
SVVVVVV- poor
writing Use your best judgement
PRO ADVICE: If
something is important and you want to people to remember it, write it in a
simple sentence.
-powerful, clear, direct
* COMPOUND – two
main clauses joined together
1. , FANBOYS , SOBA
2. ; semicolon
3. ; TRANS,
Transitional words
and terms: e.g however therefore also
nevertheless to tell the truth in general
SV, SOBA SV.
SV; SV.
SV; TRANS, SV.
* COMPLEX – one main
clause + one subordinate clause
1. adverb clauses- because when
if since so that
so...that, etc
2. adjective
clauses
3. noun
clauses
Adjective clauses –
adjective clauses –
more in-depth, more detailed
keep it as simple as
possible to start- start basic and then go deeper
adjectives –
describes a noun
the red hat adjective
the nice red
hat adjectives
* SIDE NOTE
opinion, size, age, shape, colour, material, origin,
purpose NOUN
The beautiful
small new round lime-green aluminum Martian flying machine is right there.
TOO MANY ADJECTIVES – PICK 2-3
*opinion, size, age,
shape, colour, material, origin, purpose NOUN
My grandmother broke
her gorgeous sky-blue English teapot.
Shari loves to
listen to ancient Persian music.
The dog plays with a
big round plastic chew toy.
Yuko collects old
Japanese tea sets.
That is a green nice
sweater. XXX sounds weird
That is a nice green
sweater.
individual adjectives
– good for simple ideas
more complicated, subtler,
more in-depth description – use adjective clauses
Three most common
pronouns for adjective clauses: who that which
95% of the time: who
that which
Other less commonly
used pronouns for adjective clauses:
whom, where, whose –
NOT USED OFTEN
whom – rarely used,
very fancy sounding, like a grammar book
Native English
speakers rarely use ‘whom’. We say
‘who’.
MY ADVICE: Forget
about ‘whom’. It is not important. You don’t need it.
One exception about
‘whom’- writing to someone, don’t know who will be receiving the letter
One exception:
GREETING: To whom
it may concern,
e.g. business letter,
legal letter, reference letter
Not an everyday
occurrence. Pretty rare.
FOCUS ON HIGH-FREQUENCY
USAGE: who that which – 95% of the time
who – used
for people, any people, sounds nice, sounds polite and respectful
that- things
that are not alive, animals, people (sounds a little disrespectful, you don’t
that person)
SUBTLETY IN ENGLISH,
signal your opinion of a person:
The guy that my
sister married is odd. adjective clause
The man who my
other sister married is awesome. adjective clause
‘that’ is a multiuse
word in English
Who is that? Not an
adjective clause, sounds polite
Who is that woman
you were talking to?
That is a beautiful
baby!
Is that your son?
-sounds ok
FOCUS –‘that’ in
adjective clauses
which-
special things (special to you), unique things
This is a watch that
I bought last week. not special
I really like the
watch which my dad gave me for my 18th birthday. special
witch – a magical
woman
wedding ring – which
necklace that your grandmother
gave you – which
toothbrush – that
glasses- that
REVIEW: who that
which
EXAMPLES
who- people
My neighbour who
is very elderly does not like my son to play in the backyard.
who is very elderly adj cl SV
elderly(adj) –
elder, senior, aged (Biblical), older, old (doesn’t sound polite), senior
citizen
Her dad is getting
older. He is older now. He is 79.
IDIOMS impolite- one
foot in the grave, one paw in the grave, on his last legs, knocking on Heaven’s
door, long in the tooth, ready to give up the ghost
That old dog is long
in the tooth. very old
long in the tooth
(idiom)- horses teeth grow their whole life, also mice, also beavers
Sometimes people who
are very elderly start to worry about going to heaven. They start going to
church and praying and reading Holy books.
“They are cramming
for the final.”
‘cramming for the
final’ - studying all night before a big test
cram- study hard in
a short period of time
‘cram schools’ –
Japan, school that promote intense studying for a exam
Jun’s sister who
lives in Spain is a nurse.
Jun’s sister that
lives in Spain is a nurse. SOUNDS
STRANGE, Don’t use ‘that’ for a person.
COMMON ERROR:
Jun’s sister who
lives in Spain. sentence fragment, not a complete sentence,
half a sentence
*In a sentence with
an adjective clause, you have to say two things, two SV.
Jun’s sister who
lives in Spain is a nurse. 1
2
The phone that
she bought was not expensive. 1 2
that – animals,
things, people we don’t like or don’t respect (rare)
Marta has a dog who
that has cute floppy ears. ‘who’ sounds strange for animals
Shirin got a new
phone that has a seven-inch screen.
I met the guy that
Joanne is seeing now. -sounds like don’t like him
The guy that my
sister married is a bit of a clown.
a clown - a loser
The guy that my
sister married is a clown.
a bit of a – a
little bit
My friend is a bit
of a drama queen.
drama queen- big
emotions all the time, like an actor, dramatic, big show, like a soap opera
The guy that my
sister married is coming over for a visit. -secret message- don’t like him
much-
The guy who my
sister married is coming over for a visit. – secret message- like him-
The guy who my
sister married is really good fellow.
SOURCE OF CONFUSION
‘that’ is used in many ways
-noun clauses
-adjective clauses
-a pronoun
multi-use word,
confusing
Examples
That sandwich
was delicious. pronoun
The sandwich that
she made was very tasty. adj cl
I think that that
sandwich was scrumptious. noun clause, pronoun
She thinks that
that sandwich that you made was so good that she wants to
have another one.
confusing, not good
writing, grammar is fine
That guy is
really tall. pronoun
*which – special
things, unique things
special things- You
decide if it is special to you.
I have a silver ring
which my son gave me. a special thing to me
Mei is wearing the
jade necklace which her grandmother gave to her.
Shirin is wearing
the jade necklace that her grandmother gave to her. (sounds like a
regular necklace, not special)
Clara put the
picture which her son painted for her up on the fridge.
unique things- only
one in the world
Beijing, which is
the capital of China, hosted the 2022 Olympic Winter Games. unique
Marta visited the
Eiffel Tower, which is in Paris.
Marta visited the
Eiffel Tower that is in Paris. XXX
Examples from my other
EF56 students:
1.
His house, which is located in North Vancouver,
is very expensive.
2.
I came to Vancouver, which is the best city to live
in the world.
3.
I would like to visit my grandmother who will
turn 100 years old.
4.
My son who is 12 loves to play with Lego.
5.
My friend who is very beautiful is a fashion model.
6.
Her dog that has a long tail is brown.
7.
I visit my mother who lives in Ottawa.
8.
I went to the aquarium which is in Stanley Park.
9.
The girl who is wearing the red shirt is my
little sister.
10.
My daughter who plays violin decided to study music.
11.
I love the ring which my husband gave me on/for
my birthday.
12.
Joe bought a new laptop that cost $2000.
13.
The young woman who is standing on the corner is
my classmate.
14.
My friend visited the park which is close to my
home.
15.
I have a lot of apples that my mother gave me
yesterday.
16.
My boss who is very polite resigned yesterday.
17.
I went to the aquarium which is in Stanley park.
18.
James wore a fine black tux which his dad gave
him.
HOMEWORK: Try some of the exercises on the sheets. We will
go over them tomorrow. No need to email them to me.
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