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Meeting ID: 823 8671 0126
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See you at 8:30!
Good morning.
Today’s agenda:
1. Finish– adverb clauses
2. Verb tense – simple future, modals
You can do extra work on the Clarity English website.
3. “SirJohnA”
4. Quiz on adverb clauses
My internet connection is a bit unstable today. We will do our best. My voice may not sound clear.
Let’s go for a few more minutes and see if it gets better.
Tomorrow We will begin noun clauses
Verb tense – present perfect
Paragraph about Sir John A. McDonald likely Thursday.
Today’s picture is of
Well-used similes (comparisons using ‘like’ or ’as’) in English
- thin as a dime, very thin, thin as bamboo
“That guy is as thin as a dime.”
- tall as a tree
- easy as pie “The math test was as easy as pie.”
- blind as a bat “I am as blind as a bat without my glasses.”
- deaf as post “My grandmother was as deaf as a post.”
- quick as a wink “She finished her homework quick as a wink.”
- tough as nails “The old farmer was tough as nails.”
adverb clauses - as … as
“The little kid was as tall as a tree (is).”
“Sarah looks very like a very gentle person, but she is as tough as nails.” COMPOUND COMPLEX COMPOUND COMPLEX-adv cl
Sentence types
Simple
Compound
Complex
Compound complex “I like quiet people, but I prefer people
who are very social.” CMPD CMPLX-adjective clause (next week)
Is my voice any clearer?
-adverb clauses
because
SV because SV. “Michele likes cats because they are independent.”
Because SV, SV. “Because cats are so independent, Michele like them.”
Your choice. Same meaning. The style is different. You should aim for a variety of styles. Mix up your sentence styles. Don’t write the same type of sentence over and over.
e.g. student writing
My name is Joe. I come from France. I have a family. I live in Vancouver. I work in a store.
NOT GOOD WRITING – repetitive, boring, unengaging, too basic, unnatural sounding
My name is Joe, and I come from France. I have a family who all live together in Vancouver. I work in a store which sells computers.
Different styles. Nice variety of sentences.
My goal: to teach you a variety of sentences that you can use everyday, all day long
Verb tenses – you have to learn verb tenses
Not being able to use verb tenses is a huge roadblock.
You know if you have a problem with verbs: vt vf
Simple present
Simple past
Simple future – will, one event that will happen in the future
“I will call you later this afternoon.”
“will” modal auxiliary
modals
can
could
should
must
have to
will – simple future
S + modal + infinitive of the verb “to go” –“to”
Sarah will to run around the park.
Sarah will run around the park.
You will run around the park.
I will run around the park.
The dog will run around the park.
Your grandmother will run around the park.
You may feel like you know that already, but when people write sentence, there are many many errors.
Your examples:
1. My mother will + to call today.
2. My mother will call today.
3. I will do my homework at the end of the class.
4. We have to start our class on time. DIFFERENT MODAL
5. I will + to go out after the class.
6. I will go cycling after the class.
7. She can shop in the mall for 6 hours. DIFFERENT MODAL
8. I will do a review of verb tense after class
9. We will have a quiz later.
Modals – Modal Auxiliaries
Modal Meaning Example
can to express ability I can speak English very well.
can to request permission Can I go to Foundations 4?
could to express ability I could help you tomorrow.
could to express possibility She could be an Olympian.
may to express possibility I may be late for class.
may to request permission May I take the test again, please?
might to express possibility She might call you later.
must to express obligation I must leave at 4 o’clock.
must to express strong belief You must be kidding!
should to give advice You should go to the doctor.
will to show future I will not drive my car today.
would to request or offer Would you prefer a tea or coffee?
Would you like a cookie?
would in if-sentences If I were you, I would complain.*
* a way to give advice
“You should talk to your sister.”
“If I were you, I would talk to your sister.”
“If I were you, I would apply for that job.”
shall – rarely used, very low-frequency
polite invitation “Shall we leave?”
I say this to you every day: “Shall we take our ten-minute break?”
“I shall …” NO, Very unusual
“I shall phone you later this afternoon.” Sounds weird. People don’t talk like that.
“I am looking for my keys. I can’t find them.” suggests the present
“I was looking for my keys. I couldn’t find them.” suggests the past
“Could I take this book?”
“Can I take this book?” – sounds very natural
“May I take this book?” polite
“Could we go to the park tomorrow?”
“Would you come to the church with me tomorrow?”
Modals do line up neatly with tenses. They suggest time frames.
Verb tenses and modals are different systems.
It’s complex. You just have to become familiar with them bit by bit.
Try. Make mistakes. Get better.
must – “You didn’t get to sleep until 3am? You must be tired today.”
Two-word modals
had better – should “You had better keep your dog on a leash when you are walking downtown.” had better + to keep
have to – must “I have to fix my computer.” have to + to fix
ought to – should “You ought to ask that girl out.” ought to + to ask
used to – did something regularly in the past “She used to live in China, but now she lives in The Phillippines.” used to + to live
“My daughter used to like Dora the Explorer.”
Three-word modals
be able to – can “Doris is able to speak three languages.”
be going to – will “She is going to travel around VietNam by herself.”
be supposed to – should “You were supposed to pick me up at the airport two hours ago. Where are you?”
have got to – must (Strong) “The doctor said that the young man has got to get more exercise.”
These are useful.
Most anything you want to say can be expressed with a one-word modal.
The exception is “used to”. “Sarah used to do yoga, but now she is too busy with her work.”
We settled down in Vancouver. Formerly, we lived in Manila.
We went on a transcontinental road trip, from Vancouver to Newfoundland.
Sir Paul McCartney, Sir Elton John
Quiz#3
Email the quiz to me as an attachment by 10:35. Don’t be late.
Remember: 14-16 pt font.
Doublespace
Name, class and test in Subject line
Write a sentence with an adverb clause for each:
e.g. rain if
If it rains, we will stay home.
1. lesson because
2. financial even though
3. born since
4. office while
5. interest unless
6. elected so … that
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