EF 4 5 Class 5

 

Good morning, everyone.

 

 

Today’s agenda

·      Return Quiz#1

Optional rewrite for one bonus point

·      “Correction Codes”

·      Begin sentence work- simple, compound, and complex sentences (several weeks)

·      Pronunciation of the Day- daily pronunciation work- minimal pairs and tongue twisters

 

Monday

·      Continue sentence work- simple, compound, and complex sentences (several weeks)

·       

·       

 

 

 

 

 

Writing for quizzes or tests

 

-Lined, ruled paper

-Write in pen, blue or black

-Doublespace (skip a line)

-Write inside the margins (red lines)

-Indent the first word

-One box of writing

-Length -at least 150 words

-Full name and class in top right corner

 

For quizzes and tests, phones and dictionaries must be put away.

Use dividers.

 

TOPIC: Write a personal introduction about yourself.

(at least 150ww)

Pass it in by 11:30.

 

Lunar New Year – China, Vietnam, Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore, Cambodia, Laos

lunar (adjective) – moon

solar (adjective) -sun

sunny(adjective)

 

They have solar panels on their roof.

She has a solar-powered watch. He has a solar-powered calculator.

 

People will have a dinner together. They will eat food together. They have a feast.

 

Gung hai fat choi! Happy New Year! Get rich next year!

 

Just chilling.

 

Aberdeen Centre, Richmond- celebration, performances

 

 

 

“Correction Codes”

 

 

 

 

Quiz1 – our starting point for writing

          -we will improve from here

OPTIONAL Fix your errors. Take out a new piece of paper and rewrite your quiz. Give it back to me today or first thing Monday. You will get one bonus point.

 

I came to Canada six months ago. simple past

She bought a new dress two weeks ago. simple past

 

I have been in Canada for six months. present perfect

He has studied karate for 30 years.

 

We will start learning verb tenses in detail next week.

 

She is a mom of 4 four weet kids.

1-9 use words – one two three four

10+ use numerals – 15 23 45 68

 

There are 6 six people in my family.

The cat had 15 kittens.

 

Quiz 1 RW

 

Which one do you mean?

I want to travel to another country. 1

I want to other countries. many countries

 

i I

i I like ice cream.

 

 

 

sentence fragment – not a complete sentence

fragment- small piece of something

Because it is a nice day. frag

I am going to the park because it is a nice day. sentence

 

 

 

Overview of Sentence Types

 

You are probably already experienced with English.

We will learn the fundamental sentences styles that we use everyday. If this is new to you, let’s learn a lot about sentences. Even if you already know about them, I still have some new things to teach you.

 

Full review of the three sentence types: very important, very useful, very practical, everyday usage

We study sentences so that we can use them in your life- school, work, social life, business.

 

Quick overview of sentence types

1.SIMPLE

2.COMPOUND

3.COMPLEX

4. COMPOUND-COMPLEX (mix of 2 and 3)

 

99.9% of the time, these three sentence types will allow to write anything you want.

If you want to write and speak well in English, this is what you want to do.

 

**

Side Note: I have a small business where I do editing for university students, mostly nurses and nursing students. What I do is read their essays and papers and then edit their writing. I use almost exclusively simple, compound, and complex sentences.

 

ANOTHER SIDE NOTE: Every year on Tuesday nights (5-6pm) from November-January, I do an Advanced Sentence Structure Tutorial on Zoom. This is aimed at upper-level students who want to polish their sentence writing. Feel free to join my Zoom tutorial.

No homework. No assignments. No mark.

Check my blog in mid-October for the Zoom link.

 

 

QUICK PREVIEW- I will go into detail in ensuing classes.

 

THESE ARE THE SENTENCE TYPES:

 

1.    SIMPLE SENTENCE – one main clause, one independent clause

Clause – group of words with a subject and a verb (SV)

 

one main clause, one independent clause = SV,

a complete idea, one idea, a sentence by itself

independent- self-contained

subject and a verb

Subject+Verb, S+V

 

SIMPLE SENTENCE S=subject   V=verb

S+V “It is sunny.” It is sunny.

one underline for subject

two underlines for verb

 

SV “It is partially sunny.” It is partially sunny.  rainy- adjective

SV “Today is cold.” Today is cold.

SV “The dog likes apples.”

partial(adj) part(n)

 

IMPORTANT:      Don’t forget a capital letter at the beginning. Don’t forget a period at the end.

 

 

 

 

Different styles of simple sentence:

-SV

The sky is blue.

 

-SSV subject subject verb

You and I are talking on the phone.

 

-SVV “The dog is sleeping and is snoring.”

 

-SVVV (probably the maximum)

 

-SSSV (probably the maximum)

 

-SSVV

The old man and his granddaughter go to the park and play.

 

Basic structures: SV   SSV   SVV   SSVV

 

Another style of simple sentence:

-Imperative, command sentence – tell somebody to do something

“Come in.” “Watch out.” “Sit down.” “Open the window, please.”

no subject “You come in.” implied subject, don’t say ‘you’

 

“(You) Come in, please.” Everybody understands that ‘you’ is the subject.

make it sound polite – please

IDIOM the magic word. What’s the magic word?

 

My way of using commas with ‘please’ (fairly common):

Come in, please.

Please come in.

 

Please wash the dishes.

Please, wash the dishes. SOUNDS IRRITATED, ANGRY

 

Wash the dishes, please. WITH COMMA – sounds good

 

Another style of simple sentence:

-interrogative sentence – question, interrogate (ask questions)

“What are you doing?”

“What time is it?”

“Where did you park the car?” SV?

 

REVIEW OF SIMPLE SENTENCES:

SV   SSV   SVV   SSVV   Imperative   Interrogative

 

2. COMPOUND SENTENCES

SV SV – two simple sentences in a row, connected together

with coordinating conjunctions

 

7 coordinating conjunctions- FANBOYS

 

mnemonic (memory aid) for and nor but or yet so

pronunciation (new mon ic) Greek word?

 

English is a primarly a mix of Latinate languages, Greek, and Germanic languages

Latinate – Spanish, French, Italian

Latin – ancient language from Italy

 

any word one syllable – Anglo Saxon word

plumber – Gr

pneumonia – Gr

mnemonic

lagubrious -latin – sad

 

MY OPINION: FANBOYS – not that helpful, several are not used often in compound

FANBOYS

 

*for – used very rarely in compound sentences

Sarah is wearing a hat today, for it is cold. not common usage

Sarah is wearing a hat today because it is cold. complex – more authentic

Forget about ‘for’. People don’t talk that way.

‘for’ is used in other ways

Here is a gift for you. simple, not compound

 

*and – very often used

Michelle bought a new coat, and it is very nice. compound

 

*nor – not commonly used in compound sentences, nobody says ‘nor’

Dave does not speak Farsi, nor does he speak Arabic. very unusual, formal

Dave does not speak Farsi or Arabic. simple sentence, authentic English

 

*but – used all the time

It is sunny today, but it is supposed to rain tomorrow.

 

*or – very commonly used

You can go to the party, or you can stay home.

 

*yet – not commonly used in compound sentences

It is cold, yet we are going for a walk. weirdly formal

It is cold, but we are going for a walk. more authentic- real sounding English

 

*so – used all the time in compound sentences

Maria is tired, so she will take a nap.

 

My suggestion:

FANBOYS – F N Y not useful

‘for’ ‘nor’ ‘yet’ not used very often in compound sentences, low-frequency usage, ignore them for the most part

 

We are left with these: SOBA so or but and

mnemonic- SOBA

most useful, high-frequency usage: SOBA so or but and

We use these every day, all day long.

 

soba- japanese buckwheat noodles

Near Chinatown: https://theramenbutcher.com/

 

EXAMPLES OF ‘SOBA” IN COMPOUND SENTENCES

“It is raining, so we can’t play soccer.”

“You can come to school, or you can go to work.”

“I like chocolate, but I don’t eat it everyday.”

“Joan likes hiking, and she also likes skiing.”

, so   ,or   ,but   ,and

  

Next level of compound sentences:

; semicolon – looks professional, high-status, smart

; substitute for , so   , or   , but   , and

 

“It is raining, so we can’t play soccer.”

“It is raining; we can’t play soccer.”

 

“You can come to school, or you can go to work.”

“You can come to school; you can also go to work.”

“You can come to school; or you can also go to work.” XXX

 

“I like chocolate, but I don’t eat it everyday.”

“I like chocolate; I don’t eat it everyday.”

 

“Joan likes hiking, and she likes skiing.”

“Joan likes hiking; she likes skiing.

 

Looks great! Your choice- casual, fancier

 

Next next level of compound sentences:

This way, with transitional terms, sounds better.

therefore   however   also   nevertheless   moreover   furthermore  

- Hundreds of them- I will give you about 40. You can focus on learning 10 or 15- that’s enough for EF45.

 

OPTIONS FOR COMPOUND SENTENCES

“It is raining, so we can’t play soccer.”

“It is raining; we can’t play soccer.”

“It is raining; therefore, we can’t play soccer.” VERY NICE!

 

“You can come to school, or you can go to work.”

“You can come to school; you can also go to work.”

“You can come to school; alternatively, you can go to work.”

“You can come to school; on the other hand, you can go to work.”

“On one hand, you can come to school; on the other hand, you can go to work.”

 

“I like chocolate, but I don’t eat it everyday.”

“I like chocolate; I don’t eat it everyday.”

“I like chocolate; however, I don’t eat it everyday.”

 

ANOTHER OPTION “I like chocolate. However, I don’t eat it everyday.” 2 simples

You can still use the transitional terms even if if you don’t use semicolons.

 

“Joan likes hiking, and she likes skiing.”

“Joan likes hiking; she likes skiing.”

“Joan likes hiking; also, she likes skiing.”

“Joan likes hiking. Also, she likes skiing.”

 

 

COMMON ERROR

“Joan likes hiking, also, she likes skiing.” XXX comma doesn’t go there- not strong enough, has to be ;

 

Make up your sentences according to the situation.

This is all about your choice. I want you to have choices.

 

CONTINUE MONDAY

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

***Pronunciation of the Day***

/S/ vs /TH/ Minimal Pairs List

‘s’-

‘th’    th-unvoiced

          th-voiced

1.    Sick / Thick

The sick man has thick skin.

IDIOM thick skin- things don’t bother you, you don’t get insulted

 

f / th

three four