Good morning, everyone.
We will get started at 8:30.
Today’s agenda
1.
Continue with complex sentences- adverb clauses
Quiz#3 tomorrow – adverb clauses
Adverb Clauses
* Adverbial conjunctions (adverb
clause words)
time- after, before, ever since,
since, until, when, whenever, while
place- wherever
condition – if, even if, provided
that, unless
manner- as, as if, though,
although, even though
cause- because, since
purpose or result- in order that,
in order to, so that, so ... that
Source of confusion- difference between
compound and complex sentences, specifically transitional terms and adverbial
conjunctions (adverb clause words)
* Compound sentence – transitional term
It snowed last night; therefore,
the roads were slick this morning.
* Complex sentence – adverbial conjunction
(adverb clause words)
The roads were slick this morning because
it snowed last night.
These are two different kinds of
sentences. They may look similar, but they are not.
Compound sentences – “Transitional
Terms” words, terms
You have to be learning those on
your own. If you do not learn them, your writing will remain at the level it is
now.
To be clear: You can learn these,
but you have to learn these. You have had them for over a week. Have you been
studying them?
If yes, good for you. You are doing
the work that you have to do in order to improve your writing.
If no, then that is your decision.
You can decide to start doing the work at any time- today or next week or five
years from now. Up to you.
Very simple advice to you and to
me:
If you want to
learn piano, play piano a little bit every day. In a year, you’ll be good.
If you want to
learn piano to write sentence styles in English, play
piano practice
the sentence styles a little bit every day. In a year, you’ll be good.
When your English is getting
better, you will feel great! However, you have to do the work.
Today’s work:
* Adverbial conjunctions (adverb
clause words)
time- after, before, since,
until, when, whenever, while
condition – if, even if, provided
that, unless
manner- as, as if, though,
although, even though, as ... as
cause- because, since
purpose or result- in order
that, in order to, so that, so ... that
If you learn these, you will be
able to express 99.9% of your ideas.
* before- Call me before you
leave. complex- adverb clause
Call
me before 8pm. simple
* since- Maria has lived in Canada since
1990. simple
Maria has lived in
Canada since she moved from Indonesia in 1990. complex- adverb clause
Can you see the difference?
* until – We will wait until you
get home.
* when/while when- time
while-two things happening at the same
time
Sarah was washing the dishes when
the phone rang. one moment in
time
Sarah was washing the dishes while
Joe was watching TV.
My daughter was reading while I was
playing guitar.
simple present
I get up early while you get up
late.
TRUE FACT: It is difficult to differentiate
between these right now. That will come with practice.
*if
Sarah will go to the party if
she is free.
We will go to the park if it is
sunny.
*even if
Sarah will not go to the party even
if she is free.
We will go to the park even if it
is not sunny.
These are very powerful terms that
you can use to express your thoughts. Often, I tell students that should become
familiar with authentic, real English. This is real English that we use all
day, every day.
*provided that – ‘if’ for important
things
Let’s grab some coffee if
you’re free. – not important
You can change your career provided
that you have made a good plan.
- important
You can go to UBC provided that
you have the prereqs. (prerequisite courses)
grab some coffee- (casual) have
some coffee
*unless – changes the situation,
opposite of ‘if’ ‘provided that’
Let’s grab some coffee if
you’re free.
Let’s grab some coffee unless
you’re busy.
Let’s not grab coffee if you are
busy.
Let’s take a raincheck on coffee if
you are busy. (idiom)
take a raincheck – we will do it
later, postpone
Do you want to go for a walk today?
I have a doctor’s appointment. Can
I take a raincheck?
since / ever since
since – time
ever since – long time
Maria has lived in Canada since
2018. SIMPLE SENTENCE
Maria has lived in Canada ever since
1978. long time SIMPLE SENTENCE
Maria has lived in Canada since she
moved from Japan in 2018. COMPLEX SENTENCE adverb clause
Maria has lived in Canada ever since
she moved from Japan in 1978. long time
If something feels like a long
time, use ‘ever since’.
We have been in class since 8:30.
doesn’t feel like a long time
We have been waiting for the bus ever
since 8:30. feels like a long time
These terms and words can change
the way you express yourself in English. They can really help you express your
thoughts and ideas clearly. They are very powerful tools, and you should learn to
use them.
NOTE: ‘simple’ – several uses
Used for simple sentences. Used for
simple verb tenses
-confusing
We will practice tomorrow. Try some
of your own for homework. We can share them.
cause- because, since
because – easiest one
The little girl is tired because
she was running around the park all day.
The little girl is tired since she was
running around the park all day.
since – two meaning – time, cause
due to + noun
The little girl is tired due to her
running around the park all day. awk
The school is closed today due
to snow. due to + noun
The school is closed today because
of snow. simple
The school is closed today due
to snow. simple
We can see the many many variations
that we can write.
For this class, I will stick mostly
to the basic SIMPLE, COMPOUND, and COMPLEX.
TOMORROW:
manner- as, as if, though,
although, even though, as ... as
purpose or result- in order
that, in order to, so that, so ... that
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