Wednesday, 7 October 2026

EF71011 P2 Class 21

 

**

These are the courses that I will teach next quarter (November-January).

Period 1, 9:15-11:30    EF7/10/Comp11

Period 2, 12-2:15         EF7/10

You are welcome to join these courses again. The grammar and  sentence work will be the same. The readings will be different.

**

 

Today’s Agenda

·      Attendance

·      Quiz 3- adverb clauses

·      SELF-STUDY Overview and explanation of all of the verb tenses. Also, there are exercises:

URL: https://www.google.ca/books/edition/The_English_Tenses_Exercise_Book/5QWsEAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1

I’d be happy to look at any exercises you might try.

 

·      “Run-On Sentences and Comma Splice” HANDOUT

 

·      Continue verb tense- present progressive

·      Continue verb tense- past progressive

 

 

Thursday

·      Return Test 2

Go over

Talk about structure and process

Opportunity for RWs

·      Prepare for midterm recommendations

Talk about midterm rec process

Brief one-on-one meetings

Discuss your progress so far based on PLOs

Emerging, Developing, Proficient, Extending

 

Begin one-on-one midterm short conferences- alphabetical order

·      Continue verb tenses

 

 

Friday

·      No or very little teaching today- student/instructor midterm recommendation meetings

·      “Self-Assessment Reflection” Week 5

·      Vocabulary exercises

·      Continue midterm recommendations- alphabetical order

 

 

Monday- October 12 NO SCHOOL- Thanksgiving Monday

 

 

Tuesday

·      Continue complex sentences

·      Continue verb tenses

·      Begin new article “Bike-sharing programs can help cities reduce missions and congestion”

 

 

 

 

Run-On Sentences and Comma Splices

 

Sentences: SIMPLE COMPOUND COMPLEX

 

“Correction Codes: RO CS

 

It is very hot in this room please open a window. XXX

SIMPLE SENT SIMPLE SENTENCE*

*no punc between the sentences

 

 

IDIOM Money doesn’t grow on trees.

IDIOM Do you think I’m made of money?

 

It is very hot in this room, please open a window.XXX

 

FIXES- choices SIMPLE COMPOUND COMPLEX

It is very hot in this room. Please open a window. SIMPLES

It is very hot in this room, so please open a window. COMPOUND

It is very hot in this room; please open a window. COMPOUND

If it’s very hot in this room, please open a window. COMPLEX

Unless it’s very cold in this room, please open a window. COMPLEX

Please open a window because it is very hot in this room. COMPLEX

It is very hot in this room. Could you please open a window? SIMPLES

Please open a window, for it is very hot in this room. COMPOUND- grammar book

 

 

**RUN-ON SENTENCES**

A run-on sentence is two simple sentences joined together without

punctuation. The way to fix a run-on sentence is to rewrite it as a

simple, compound or complex sentence.

e.g. It’s rainy I took my umbrella. RUN-ON SENTENCE

*nothing in the middle

 

FIXES:

SIMPLE COMPOUND COMPLEX

It’s rainy. I took my umbrella. SIMPLE SENTENCES

It’s rainy, so I took my umbrella. COMPOUND SENTENCE

It’s rainy; I took my umbrella. COMPOUND  SENTENCE

It’s rainy; therefore, I took my umbrella. COMPOUND SENTENCE

I took my umbrella because it’s rainy. COMPLEX SENT-

ADVERB CLAUSE

I took my umbrella since it’s rainy. COMPLEX SENT-

ADVERB CLAUSE

 

 

**COMMA SPLICES**

A comma splice is two simple sentences joined together with just a

comma. A comma is not strong enough to separate two simple

sentences.

 

It is hot, open the window. CS

 

 

e.g. It’s important to stay physically active, we have to move our

bodies to stay healthy. COMMA SPLICE CS

FIXES

It’s important to stay physically active; we have to move our

bodies to stay healthy. COMPOUND SENTENCE

We have to move our bodies to stay healthy; therefore, it’s important

to stay physically active. COMPOUND SENTENCE

We have to move our bodies to stay healthy because it’s important

to stay physically active. COMPLEX SENTENCE- ADVERB CLAUSE

 

 

Exercise 1

Fix these RO and CS. Write the sentences on your own paper.

1.      We wanted to go hiking, but the weather was bad.

We wanted to go hiking; however, the weather was bad.

We wanted to go hiking; unfortunately, the weather was bad.

We wanted to go hiking; sadly, the weather was bad.

 

We wanted to go hiking even though the weather was bad.

Even though the weather was bad, we wanted to go hiking.

We wanted to go hiking unless the weather was bad.

We want to go hiking unless the weather is bad.

 

HIGHER LEVEL- new style

We wanted to go hiking despite the weather being bad.

 

We wanted to go hiking despite the bad weather. SIMPLE

CHOICES: SIMPLE COMPOUND COMPLEX

 

2.      Sarah studied hard for the exam she wanted to get a good grade.

Sarah studied diligently for the exam because she wanted to get a good grade.

VOCAB diligently- working hard

diligent(adj) hardworking

Jess is a diligent student.

Sarah studied very hard for the exam because she wanted to get a good grade and not another lecture from her teachers.

 

Sarah studied hard for the exam as/because/since she wanted to get a good grade.

Sarah studied hard for the exam so that she would get a good grade.

 

3.      I was feeling tired I went to bed early.

4.      Maria finished her homework, she watched a movie.

 

5.      I need to buy some groceries the refrigerator is almost empty.

I need to buy some groceries because the refrigerator is almost empty.

I need to buy some groceries since the refrigerator is almost empty.

I need to buy some groceries if the refrigerator is almost empty.

I need to buy some groceries even if the refrigerator is not empty.

HIGH LEVEL It is imperative that I buy some groceries, for the

refrigerator is running dry.

 

The refrigerator is almost empty, so I need to buy some groceries.

The refrigerator is almost empty; therefore, I need to buy some groceries.

The refrigerator is almost empty. I need to buy some groceries.

The refrigerator is almost empty; I need to buy some groceries.

The refrigerator is so empty that I need to buy some groceries. ??

My phone is so old that I need to replace it.

 

 

 

 

 

 

6.      Tom enjoys living in Vancouver he likes the mountains.

7.      The bus was late, I arrived at work twenty minutes late.

8.      She loves to read she goes to the library every week.

9.      The cat slept on the couch the dog played in the yard.

The cat slept on the; on the other hand, the dog played in the yard. COMPOUND

The cat slept on the while the dog played in the yard. COMPLEX

 

10. We visited the museum we learned a lot about history.

 

Exercise 2

Fix these higher-level RO and CS. Write the sentences on

your own paper.

1.      Maria had prepared extensively for the job interview she answered the difficult questions with confidence.

2.      The company experienced a significant decline in sales its management remained optimistic about the future.

 

Even though the company experienced a significant decline in sales, its management remained optimistic about the future. COMPLEX

 

The company experienced a significant decline in sales; even though, its management remained optimistic about the future.

COMPOUND

 

NEW STYLE

Despite the company experiencing a significant decline in sales, its management remained optimistic about the future.

 

The company experienced a significant decline in sales; however/nevertheless/despite this, its management remained optimistic about the future.

COMPOUND

 

The company experienced a significant decline in sales. Its management remained optimistic about the future. SIMPLES

 

The company’s management remained optimistic about the future although/even though it experienced a significant decline in sales. COMPLEX

 

FUNDAMENTAL: SIMPLE   COMPOUND   COMPLEX   COMPOUND-COMPLEX

 

 

 

3.      The weather conditions deteriorated rapidly the organizers postponed the outdoor concert until the following weekend.

 

Because the weather conditions deteriorated rapidly, the organizers postponed the outdoor concert until the following weekend.

The organizers postponed the outdoor concert until the following weekend because the weather conditions deteriorated rapidly.

 

The weather conditions deteriorated rapidly so that the organizers postponed the outdoor concert until the following weekend. COMPLEX

 

The weather conditions deteriorated rapidly, so the organizers postponed the outdoor concert until the following weekend.

COMPOUND

 

4.      The city has invested heavily in public transportation traffic congestion has gradually decreased in several neighborhoods.

 

5.      The museum contains an impressive collection of historical artifacts it offers educational programs for visitors of all ages.

The museum contains an impressive collection of historical artifacts; similarly, it offers educational programs for visitors of all ages.

The museum contains an impressive collection of historical artifacts; also, it offers educational programs for visitors of all ages.

The museum contains an impressive collection of historical artifacts; furthermore, it offers educational programs for visitors of all ages.

The museum contains an impressive collection of historical artifacts; moreover, it offers educational programs for visitors of all ages.

 

 

6.      She was excited about her new job she didn't realize how much work it would be.

7.     He forgot his keys he had to wait outside until someone let him in.

He forgot his keys; as a result, he had to wait outside until someone let him in.

He forgot his keys. As a result, he had to wait outside until someone let him in.

He forgot his keys; therefore, he had to wait outside until someone let him in.

 

8.     I bought a new laptop it has all the features I need for work.

9.     The project required months of careful preparation the team completed it under budget and ahead of schedule.

 

 

EF71011 P1 Class 21

 

These are the courses that I will teach next quarter (November-January).

Period 1, 9:15-11:30    EF7/10/Comp11

Period 2, 12-2:15         EF7/10

You are welcome to join these courses again. The grammar and  sentence work will be the same. The readings will be different.

 

 

Today’s Agenda

·      Attendance

·      Quiz 3- adverb clauses

·      SELF-STUDY Overview and explanation of all of the verb tenses. Also, there are exercises:

https://www.google.ca/books/edition/The_English_Tenses_Exercise_Book/5QWsEAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1

·      “Run-On Sentences and Comma Splice” HANDOUT

·      Continue verb tense- present progressive

·      Continue verb tense- past progressive

 

 

Thursday

·      Return everything

Opportunity for RWs

·      Prepare for midterm recommendations

Talk about midterm rec process

Brief one-on-one meetings

Discuss your progress so far based on PLOs

Emerging, Developing, Proficient, Extending

·      Continue verb tenses

 

 

Friday

·      No or very little teaching today- student/instructor midterm recommendation meetings

·      “Self-Assessment Reflection” Week 5

·      Vocabulary exercises

·      Midterm recommendations- alphabetical order

 

 

Monday- October 12 NO SCHOOL- Thanksgiving Monday

 

 

Tuesday

·      Continue complex sentences

·      Continue verb tenses

·      Begin new article “Bike-sharing programs can help cities reduce missions and congestion”

 

 

 

**

“Run-On Sentences and Comma Splice” HANDOUT

Run-On Sentences and Comma Splices

Common errors:

Corrections Codes: RO     CS

 

Essential punctuation- comma semicolon period   ,   ;   .

I teach this punctuation in great detail.

 

 

**RUN-ON SENTENCES**

A run-on sentence is two simple sentences joined together without

punctuation. The way to fix a run-on sentence is to rewrite it as a

simple, compound or complex sentence.

 

e.g. It’s rainy I took my umbrella. RUN-ON SENTENCE

FIXES:

It’s rainy. I took my umbrella. SIMPLE SENTENCES

It’s rainy, so I took my umbrella. COMPOUND SENTENCE

It’s rainy; I took my umbrella. COMPOUND  SENTENCE

It’s rainy; therefore, I took my umbrella. COMPOUND SENTENCE

I took my umbrella because it’s rainy. COMPLEX SENT-

ADVERB CLAUSE

I took my umbrella since it’s rainy. COMPLEX SENT-

ADVERB CLAUSE

 

Run-on sentences

SIMPLE SENT  X  SIMPLE SENT.

 

 

 

 

 

 

EXAMPLE

He likes dogs she is allergic. RO

FIXES

He likes dogs. She is allergic. SIMPLE

He likes dogs, but she is allergic. COMPOUND

He likes dogs; she is allergic. COMPOUND

He likes dogs; however, she is allergic. COMPOUND

He likes dogs although she is allergic. COMPLEX

 

Fred likes dogs he is allergic. RO

Fred likes dogs but is allergic. SIMPLE SVV

 

The solution will be the sentence types: SIMPLE, COMPOUND,

COMPLEX.

 

 

 

 

 

**COMMA SPLICES**

A comma splice is two simple sentences joined together with just a

comma. A comma is not strong enough to separate two simple

sentences.

Easy example:

It’s rainy, I took my umbrella. CS Comma splice

VOCAB splice- join two pieces of rope

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Two simple sentences:

It’s rainy, I took my umbrella. CS Comma splice

Comma is not strong enough to go between two simple sentences.

FIXES:

It’s rainy. I took my umbrella. SIMPLE SENTENCES

It’s rainy, so I took my umbrella. COMPOUND SENTENCES

It’s rainy; I took my umbrella. COMPOUND SENTENCES

It’s rainy; therefore, I took my umbrella. COMPOUND SENTENCES

Because it’s rainy, I took my umbrella. COMPLEX SENTENCES

I took my umbrella because it’s rainy. COMPLEX SENTENCES

because/since/as LOWER FREQUENCY

I took my umbrella since it’s rainy.

I took my umbrella as it’s rainy. LOWER FREQUENCY

 

Focus of the sentence writing: SIMPLE COMPOUND COMPLEX

 

HIGHER-LEVEL VOCAB

e.g. It’s important to stay physically active, we have to move our

bodies to stay healthy. COMMA SPLICE

FIXES

It’s important to stay physically active. We have to move our

bodies to stay healthy. SIMPLES

It’s important to stay physically active; we have to move our

bodies to stay healthy. COMPOUND SENTENCE

We have to move our bodies to stay healthy; therefore, it’s important

to stay physically active. COMPOUND SENTENCE

We have to move our bodies to stay healthy because it’s important

to stay physically active. COMPLEX SENTENCE- ADVERB CLAUSE

We have to move our bodies to stay healthy so that it’s important

to stay physically active. COMPLEX SENTENCE- ADVERB CLAUSE

 

Week 5- SIMPLE, COMPOUND, COMPLEX-ADV CL

20m

A.Keep working on the sentence exercises

B.Read and prepare “Bike Sharing” article

 

 

Exercise 1

Fix these RO and CS. Write the sentences on your own paper.

 

1.      We wanted to go hiking the weather was bad.

We wanted to go hiking even though the weather was bad. suggest- went.

We wanted to go hiking; however, the weather was bad.

suggests -didn’t go

We wanted to go hiking. The weather was bad.

We wanted to go hiking, but the weather was bad.

 

We wanted to go hiking; unfortunately, the weather was bad.

We wanted to go hiking; sadly, the weather was bad.

We wanted to go hiking; disappointingly, the weather was bad.

 

*even if- for the future

We would like to go hiking even if the weather is bad.

 

even though

We wanted to go hiking even though the weather was bad.

 

 

2.      Sarah studied hard for the exam she wanted to get a good grade.

3.      I was feeling tired I went to bed early.

4.      Maria finished her homework, she watched a movie.

5.      I need to buy some groceries the refrigerator is almost empty.

6.      Tom enjoys living in Vancouver he likes the mountains.

7.      The bus was late, I arrived at work twenty minutes late.

8.     She loves to read she goes to the library every week.

9.     The cat slept on the couch the dog played in the yard.

10. We visited the museum we learned a lot about history.

We visited the museum, and we learned a lot about history.

When we visited the museum, we learned a lot about history.

After we visited the museum, we learned a lot about history.

We visited the museum; therefore, we learned a lot about history.

We visited the museum, so we learned a lot about history.

We visited the museum; interestingly, we learned a lot about history.

We visited the museum; we learned a lot about history.

 

 

 

 

 

Exercise 2

Fix these higher-level RO and CS. Write the sentences on

your own paper.

1.      Maria had prepared extensively for the job interview she answered the difficult questions with confidence.

Since/Because Maria had prepared extensively for the job interview, she answered the difficult questions with confidence.

Maria had prepared extensively for the job interview, so she answered the difficult questions with confidence.

Maria had prepared extensively for the job interview; therefore/as a result, she answered the difficult questions with confidence.

Maria had prepared extensively for the job interview; happily, she answered the difficult questions with confidence.

Maria had prepared extensively for the job interview; that’s why she answered the difficult questions with confidence. COMPLEX SENT- NOUN CLAUSE

happily/fortunately/amazingly/surprisingly, etc.

Maria had prepared extensively for the job interview, so she answered the difficult questions with confidence.

 

** Beginning a sentence with SOBA so or but and

Signals to the reader a very friendly, casual writing style.

For school and business, I avoid doing that.

 

 

2.      The company experienced a significant decline in sales its management remained optimistic about the future.

The company experienced a significant decline in sales; however,  its management remained optimistic about the future. COMPOUND

Even though the company experienced a significant decline in sales, its management remained optimistic about the future.

COMPLEX

VOCAB decline, decrease- go down

The market declined by 100 points.

VOCAB crash- drop precipitously

The market crashed by 2000 points.

 

Even though the company experienced a significant decline in sales, its management remained optimistic about the future. COMPLEX

The company experienced a significant decline in sales; even though, its management remained optimistic about the future.

COMPOUND

The company experienced a significant decline in sales; nevertheless, its management remained optimistic about the future.

COMPOUND

 

3.      The weather conditions deteriorated rapidly; the organizers postponed the outdoor concert until the following weekend.

The weather conditions deteriorated rapidly. The organizers postponed the outdoor concert until the following weekend.

Because the weather conditions deteriorated rapidly, the organizers postponed the outdoor concert until the following weekend.

The weather conditions deteriorated rapidly; therefore, the organizers postponed the outdoor concert until the following weekend.

The weather conditions deteriorated rapidly; sadly, the organizers postponed the outdoor concert until the following weekend.

The weather conditions deteriorated rapidly; regretfully, the organizers postponed the outdoor concert until the following weekend.

VOCAB regretfully-

 

 

 

 

 

4.      The city has invested heavily in public transportation traffic congestion has gradually decreased in several neighborhoods.

5.      The museum contains an impressive collection of historical artifacts it offers educational programs for visitors of all ages.

6.      She was excited about her new job she didn't realize how much work it would be.

7.     He forgot his keys he had to wait outside until someone let him in.

8.     I bought a new laptop it has all the features I need for work.

9.     The project required months of careful preparation the team completed it under budget and ahead of schedule.

 

 

Tuesday, 6 October 2026

EF71011 P2 Class 20

 

STILL TO DO: “Run-On Sentences and Comma Splice” HANDOUT

 

Today’s Agenda

·      Attendance

·      HANDOUT NEW ARTICLE “Bike-sharing programs can help cities reduce emissions and congestion”, crossword and Thought Questions

CUT OFF ON THE PHOTOCOPY Crossword 3 DOWN high-energy

We will begin this next Tuesday, October 13th.

·      Continue complex sentences- adverb clauses

Exercises- practice

Choose vocabulary for Quiz 3 Wednesday

·      IF TIME Verb tense exercises

·      IF TIME Continue verb tense- present progressive

 

 

Wednesday

·      Quiz 3- adverb clauses

·      Continue verb tense- past progressive

·       

 

 

Thursday

·      Return everything

Opportunity for RWs

·      Prepare for midterm recommendations

Talk about midterm rec process

Brief one-on-one meetings

Discuss your progress so far based on PLOs

Emerging, Developing, Proficient, Extending

·      Continue verb tenses

 

 

Friday

·      No or very little teaching today- student/instructor midterm recommendation meetings

·      “Self-Assessment Reflection” Week 5

·      Vocabulary exercises

·      Midterm recommendations- alphabetical order

 

 

Monday- October 12 NO SCHOOL- Thanksgiving Monday

 

 

Tuesday

·      Continue complex sentences

·      Continue verb tenses

·      Begin new article “Bike-sharing programs can help cities reduce missions and congestion”

 

 

 

 

**

Continue complex sentences- adverb clauses

Exercises- practice

MODEL

*unless – opposite of ‘if’

We will go to see the movie tonight if we both are free.

We will go to see the movie tonight unless one of us is busy.

I will buy a new phone if it is on sale.

I will buy a new phone unless it is too expensive.

 

 

*in order to – HIGH FREQUENCY- grammar is unusual, different structure

She is saving money in order to pay for a new laptop.

SIMPLE? COMPLEX?

 

She is saving money in order to pay for a new laptop.

She is saving money in order to pay for a new laptop.

 

In order to get into good shape, he walks every day for 40 minutes.

 

*after

The kids did their homework after dinner. SIMPLE

The kids did their homework after SV dinner. COMPLEX- ADV CL

The kids did their homework after they had dinner. COMPLEX- ADV CL

 

*in order that LOWER FREQUENCY same meaning as ‘in order to’

 

She is saving money in order to pay for a new laptop. HIGH FREQUENCY

She is saving money in order that SV a new laptop.

She is saving money in order that she will be able to buy a new laptop. LOWER FREQUENCY

 

MY ADVICE: in order to- HIGH FREQUENCY

In order to get good at playing guitar, you have to practice and play a lot every day/often.

 

*as if – LOW FREQUENCY – seems like, not real

The little kid was running around as if he were a rabbit.

Jun spends money as if it causes him pain.

Jun spends money as if it were water.

Jun spends money as if he were a millionaire.

 

**

Poetry terms- SIMILES and METAPHORS

comparisons between two unlike things

*simile- like as

She is as tall as a giraffe (is). COMPLEX SENT- ADV CL

The old man is as deaf as a post.

She is as blind as a bat.

The old lady is as stubborn as a mule/donkey.

He is like a bull in a China shop.  rough around delicate things

 

 

metaphor- more direct comparison

She is a giraffe.

The old man is a donkey.

Time is money.

Life is a highway.

 

 

 

in Medieval time – blue- very expensive, purple- Royal

 

lapis lazilu

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

semiprecious stones

Feroza- stone

jade stone

mutton-fat jade

turquoise

 

precious stone

diamond

ruby

opal

emerald

sapphire

 

precious metal

gold

silver

platinum

2000 years ago- aluminum

 

alloys-mix of two metal

bronze

steel

 

 

pearl –

 

He got her a diamond encrusted ruby because he loved her so much.

 

 

 

 

 

**

Exercise 1

1.    I like to watch Youtube videos while I eat lunch.

She usually scrolls on her phone while she eats lunch.

I am watching a movie while I eat/am eating lunch.

 

She has been happy since she moved to Canada. before happy wasn’t

She has been happier since she moved to Canada. comparison- more now

 

2.    They travelled a lot before they had any children.

Before they had any children, they travelled a lot.

I knew them before they has children.

3.Whenever it snows, we make snowmen/ a snow person.

The kids have snowball fights whenever it snows.

4.We arrived late although/even though we left a seven o’clock.

 

7.until the store opened

I was shopping until the store opened. XXX

I was waiting in the car until the store opened.

We waited in Starbucks until the store opened.

She wasn’t able to return the sweater until the store opened.

I lined up until the store opened.

I lined up in the queue until the store opened.

VOCAB queue- line-up

The security (asset-protection/lossprevention) person was working until the store closed.

Go tell security that you lost your bag.

 

11. Jun is as tall as his dad (is).

Fred is taller than his dad.

He is shorter than his big brother.

 

IDIOM Good things come in small packages.

 

VOCAB petite

She is very petite. She is a tiny little thing.

FRENCH petite- small in a good way

 

1.    My son talks to me while I eat lunch. simple present- always

My son talked to me while I ate lunch. simple past- always

My son is talking to me while I am eating lunch. present progressive- right now

My son and I will talk about it while we eat lunch.

My son and I will talk.

My son and I have a talk.

My son and I will have a conversation.

IDIOM My son and I will hash this out. talk about a problem

IDIOM bone to pick  I have a bone to pick with you. a problem to resolve

IDIOM have a beef   The two brothers have a beef.    upset with each other

IDIOM butt heads   My son and daughter used to butt heads when they were little.

I’m tired of butting heads with you.

 

8.We won’t be able to get out of town unless Kate can fix the car.

I won’t go all the way there unless Kate can fix the car.

13. In Canada, you can live wherever you want.

Freedom of Movement within Canada

 

More Challenging

6. John thought that the error was correct as he is an idiot.

FRIENDLY INSULT idiot

My answer was as correct as your answer even though I make one error.

 

Everything will be fine as long as you correct those errors.

 

3.I was nervous because I had an interview.

She was nervous in the interview because she didn’t feel ready/prepared/confident.

 

 

 


Let’s choose vocab for Quiz 3 on adverb clauses.

 


10 adverb clause words


1.    because

2.    even though

3.    unless

4.    even if

5.    if

6.    in order to

7.    before/after

8.    whenever

9.    while

10.                       since

 

10  vocab words

1.    immigrant(n)

2.    experience(n,v)

3.    qualified(adj)

4.    suggest(v)

5.    recognize(v)

6.    interesting(adj)

7.    employer(n)

8.    evidence(n)

9.    professional(adj,n)

10.           credentials(n)