EF71011 P1 Class 16

 

Superstition- actions that cause good or bad luck

-         an open umbrella indoors is bad luck

 

Today’s Agenda

·      Attendance

·      Overview of complex sentences

·      First Nations lecture

re: National Day for Truth and Reconciliation

·      IF TIME Continue verb tense- simple present

 

Wednesday- no school, Stat Holiday- statutory

National Day for Truth and Reconciliation

 

Thursday

·      Return Test 1

Focus on PLOs C1 and C5

Talk about paragraph process

This is what works for me.

Optional RW for one point

·      Continue verb tense- simple past

·      Continue complex sentences

Begin adverb clauses

·      Continue new article- Canadian experience

 

Friday

·      “Self-Assessment Reflection” Week 4

·      Vocabulary exercises

·      Continue complex sentences- adverb clauses

Quiz 3 when?

·      Continue verb tense- simple future

·      Continue new article

·      HANDOUT Article for next week

 

NEXT WEEK:        Quiz 3- adverb clauses

Test 2- paragraph article “Canadian experience”

 

Monday

·      Continue verb tense- present progressive

 

Tuesday

·      Continue verb tense- past progressive

 

 

 

 

Complex Sentences

 

Sentence types:

SIMPLE SENTENCES Quiz 1

COMPOUND SENTENCES Quiz 2

COMPLEX SENTENCES- next two to three weeks

 

 

Complex sentences are made of an independent clause (same as a simple sentence) and one or two dependent clauses.

Dependent clauses can be adverb clauses, adjective clauses, or noun clauses. You probably have studied these in earlier courses.

 

SIMPLE SENTENCE

We like to go hiking.

DEPENDENT CLAUSE ‘because’ ‘if’ ‘when’ ‘that’

We like to go hiking when the weather is nice.

 

 

 

ADVERB CLAUSE- if because when since unless until- start tomorrow

Examples of complex sentences with adverb clauses:

·       I will call you when I arrive home. no comma

I will call you, when I arrive home. XXX

When I arrive home, I will call you.

TWO MODELS FOR ADVERB CLAUSES:

I will call you when I arrive home. no comma

When I arrive home, I will call you. comma

 

·       She smiled because she was proud of her work. no comma

Because she was proud of her work, she smiled. comma

 

·       Although it was raining, they continued playing soccer.

although = even though = though(casual)

although = but

It is rainy, but she still went for a run. COMPOUND

She went for a run although it is rainy. COMPLEX- ADV CL

 

·       We can go outside if the weather improves.

If the weather improves, we can go outside.

 

·       HARDER/LESS COMMON He studied very hard so that he could pass the exam.

 

so / so that = related, but different usage

He wanted to buy a car, so he saved up some money. COMPOUND

He saved up some money so that he could buy a car. COMPLEX- ADV CL

He wanted to buy a car so that he could stop taking the bus.

 

You are at SHEC so that you can get ready for college. COMPLEX

She wants to go to college, so she is finishing courses at SHEC.  COMPOUND

She is doing courses at SHEC because she wants to go to college. COMPLEX

He is going to college. He is going to a college in Kamloops. He is going to the veterinary college in PEI.

She is going to The University of British Columbia.

Maria is from The Philippines.

I am from The Canada.

The United States of America

The United Kingdom

The Vatican

He is from The United Arab Emirates.

She wants to become a Canadian citizen, so she is doing the immigration test.

CAPS- country, culture, language

England, Japan, Iran, Chinese, Peruvian, Persian, French, Arabic, Farsi, Pinoy, Turkish, etc.

We love Turkish coffee.

 

 

Examples of complex sentences with adjective clauses:

HIGH FREQUENCY who   that   which      LESS COMMON whom, whose

·       The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.

·       She has a friend who lives in Toronto.

·       The car which was parked outside belongs to my neighbor.

·       I met a teacher who inspired me to work harder.

·       The movie that we watched last night was exciting.

 

She has a friend who lives in Toronto.

She has a friend who she hikes with.

GRAMMAR BOOK She has a friend whom she hikes with.

Authentic English speakers rarely, if ever, use the word ‘whom’.

 

 

Examples of complex sentences with noun clauses:

thinking and speaking- brain and tongue

·       What she said surprised everyone.

·       I don’t know where he went.

·       That she won the prize made her family proud. GRAMMAR BOOK

Her family was proud that she won the prize. AUTHENTIC

·       Can you tell me why the meeting was canceled?

·       Whoever finishes first will receive a reward.

Whoever finishes first will receive a reward. subject

 

 

 

 

 

Exercise 1- Easier sentences.

Each sentence is missing a word in an dependent clause. Rewrite each sentence by adding an appropriate word. Write the corrected sentences on your own paper.

1.      I know that/why she is tired.

2.      The boy who is playing outside is my brother.

3.      We stayed home because/while/when/since it was raining.

4.      She said that she would help me.

5.      The dog that barked loudly ran away.

6.      I will call you when/if I arrive.

I will call you when I arrive. – very close in time-  arrive, than call

Text me right when you get home.

 

MODELS:

I will call you when I arrive.

When I arrive, I will call you.

 

7.      He doesn’t understand why she is upset.

8.      The car that/which he bought is very fast.

9.      She cried because/when/since/while she was sad.

10. What he said was surprising.

The thing that he said was surprising.

 

Exercise B- More challenging.

Each sentence is missing a word in an dependent clause. Rewrite each sentence by adding an appropriate word. Write the corrected sentences on your own paper.

1.      I don’t know why she left the party early because she seemed happy.

2.      The book that/which you gave me is the one that/which I was looking for.

3.      She will call you when/after she arrives if she has enough time.

She will call you if she remembers and has enough time.

4.      I believe that hard work always pays off in the end.

5.      The student who won the scholarship studied harder than anyone else in the class.

6.      We stayed inside because/since/when/while it was raining heavily.

7.      I am not sure if/that-LOW FREQUENCY he will join us for dinner tonight.

8.      The house where I grew up has been sold to a family who/that moved here from Mexico.

The house where she grew up was small.

The house that/which she grew up in was small.

 

9.      She smiled because she knew the secret even though nobody had told her anything.

She is very intuitive. She can read people.

IDIOM poker face- showing no expression, blank face, not betraying emotion

9.She smiled when she knew the secret even though nobody had told her anything. She figured it out.

10. What he said yesterday made everyone in the room

uncomfortable.

 

 

 

Lecture notes for First Nations

Tomorrow- National Day for Truth and Reconciliation

 

-historic poor treatment of Native people in this land

-focused on Residential Schools

 

 

·      CBC news May, 2021

Unmarked graves of First Nations children have been found on the grounds of old Residential Schools, 315 kids? in Kamloops

·      more and more suspected unmarked graves discovered across Canada

·      thousands and thousands of suspected graves found so far

-         used ground-penetrating radar

·      fear probably thousands more across Canada

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

·      Residential Schools- 150 000 First Nations kids went to residential schools from the 1860s-1990s

over 4000 kids died, maybe 6000

 

·      Residential Schools all across Canada

https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/residential-schools-in-canada-interactive-map

·      Organized and financed by the Canadian government, run by the Christian churches (mainly Catholic and Anglican churches), paid for by the federal government, tax dollars

·      about 150 000 First Nations kids were forcibly taken away from their families to Residential Schools from 1860s to 1990s.

Revelations- big ugly secrets in Canada

-around Kindergarten to Grade 12

·      Now we know!

 

·      Focus of BC new curriculum- First Nations

First Nations ways of knowing, culture, history in Canada

e.g. First Peoples 11 & 12

 

Education is the key to knowledge.

 

Very interesting area of study – good choice –

First Peoples 11 and First Peoples 12

We offer these classes at South Hill – some students do both English 12 and First Peoples 12

-recognized by all postsecondary institutions

 

Times have changed- new recognition of the importance of First Nations in this land

 

Big contrast

·      My school experiences- none of the history, none of the social studies was about First Nations

The focus was history class was on Europeans, settlers, White men in Canada

male-centred, Euro-centred

 

In high school

·      lots of First Nations kids in my school, segregated,

seemed normal, normalized, unstated expectation

segregation – separation of races or groups

MicMac- migmaw

 

·      racist attitudes towards First Nations people “Indians”

dismissive, belittling, negative stereotypes

 

** Maybe tell these stories

·      policy at my university – have to finish your degree in seven years

students/ professors –led initiative to change it to 10 yrs

 

·      racism against First Nations – BCTF AGM story

700 teachers

“equity-seeking groups” wanted representation

 

 

Orange shirt- remember little kids in the residential schools

SLOGAN “Every child matters.”

 

 

Overview – introduction

·      First Peoples -Who they are?

·      Small groups

“What do you know about First Nations people in Canada?”

Generate ideas on LCD

 

old racist word “red skin” “red Indian”

-Sports team NFL football  The Washington Red Skins

changed in 2020 to The Washington Commanders

-hockey team on Vancouver Island Saanich Junior Braves

Victoria Admirals

-my high school Riverview Redmen

name changed in 2020  new name?

 

 

 

 

 

Three groups of people constitute Indigenous Peoples in Canada, also called First Peoples. Also called Aboriginal. Native

-old word, outdated vocab Indian

Three groups:

1. First Nations -people in the south of Canada

2. Inuit Eskimo – people in the north of Canada

kids snack- Eskimo Pies– ice cream sandwiches

3. Métis(French) – ‘mixed’ people who are First Nations and European ancestry- not accepted by the French or the First Nations

 

First Nations came into common usage in the 1980s to replace the term ‘Indians’

·      Talk about origin of the word ‘Indian’ due to geographical misunderstanding, West Indies

“Indian”

 

·      First Nations- Indigenous people in the South (below Arctic Circle). Half of all First Nations bands are in Ontario and BC.

·      Inuit are the Indigenous people who live in the North. Used to be called ‘Eskimo’- disparaging term from French Esquimaux, from Montagnais ayas̆kimew ‘person who laces a snowshoe’. Montagnais, or Innu, are the Indigenous inhabitants of an area they refer to as Nitassinan, which comprises most of the northeastern portion of the present-day province of Quebec and some eastern portions of Labrador.

Discredited etymology ‘raw fish eater’

Website: https://www.itk.ca/about-canadian-inuit/#nunangat

Show map: “Inuit Map”

Metis - French- do not pronounce the ‘s’   may-tee

-a person of mixed Indigenous and European ancestry

1600s and 1700s - Fur trading European men came to hunt animals, like beavers

In particular one of a group of such people who in the 19th century constituted the so-called Metis nation in the areas around the Red and Saskatchewan rivers. Metis comes from the French word ‘métis’, which means ‘mixed’.

·      The three groups: First Nations   Inuit   Metis

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

·      Where did these people come from?

·      First Nations creation myths/ creation stories

Every culture has a creation myth/story – legend, fiction, story, explains real life, explains natural phenomena

Greek Myth- e.g. Echo-magical creature- nymph, Narcissus- narcissist- a person who is self-absorbed

 

Every group has a creation story/myth

Bible- Garden of Eden, Adam and Eve

Koran- Quran - similar story

 

Different First Nations groups have different creation stories.

·      Read “The Beginning of the Haidi Gwaii World” on LCD

·      Talk about Raven

- prominent role in the mythologies of the Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast, including the Tsimishians, Haidas, Heiltsuks, Tlingits, Kwakwaka'wakw, Coast Salish, Koyukons, and Inuit. The raven in these indigenous peoples' mythology is the Creator of the world, but it is also considered a trickster god.

-two different raven characters:

-the creator raven, responsible for bringing the world into being and who is sometimes considered to be the individual who brought light to the darkness

-the childish raven, always selfish, sly, conniving, and hungry

 

The Beginning of the Haida Gwaii World

 

In the beginning, before the creation of the world, the earth was completely covered by a vast ocean and the sky was all grey clouds. The cloud kingdom was ruled by the great Sha-lana. Sha-lana's Chief servant was Raven.

One day Raven enraged his master and was cast out into the ocean world. He flew over the ocean for a long period of time until he became weary. Unable to find a place to rest, Raven became angry. He began to beat his wings upon the water until the water rose up and touched the clouds around him.

When the water receded back into the ocean there appeared rocks upon which Raven rested. These rocks grew and stretched across the ocean. The rocks turned into sand and after a short period of time trees began to grow on the sand. After many moons the sand had turned into beautiful islands, which we know today as the Haida Gwaii (Queen Charlotte Islands).

Raven enjoyed his kingdom, yet he became bored and lonely. He decided he needed someone to help him. So one day he gathered two large piles of clam shells upon the beach and transformed them into two human females. These two women complained saying that they should not have both been created as women. So to make them happy Raven threw limpet shells at one and turned her into a man, creating the Haida Gwaii people."

 

Clark, E., Indian Legends of Canada, McClelland and Stewart: Toronto, 1991.

https://royalbcmuseum.bc.ca/exhibits/bc-archives-time-machine/galler07/frames/oralhist.htm

 

 

·      Show pictures “Raven1” “Raven2” “Raven and the First Men”

“Spirit of Haida Gwaii” YVR (Vancouver Airport), other pictures jewelry

Haida Gwaii- Queen Charlotte Islands

 

·      Different First Nations have different stories-

e.g.Micmac, Mi'kmaq, Glooscap

 

**about 630 different First Nations in Canada- all different stories

 

 

Three different group of First Peoples in Canada:

1.First Nations- live in the south of Canada

2.Metis- mixed European and First Nations

3.Inuit- live in the far north

 

**

Continue article- Canadian experience

Let’s get into chat groups (5-6 people)

Discuss and share knowledge about the “Thought Questions”