Tuesday, 29 March 2022

EF56 27 class- adjective clauses

 

English Foundations 5/6

Good morning, everyone.

We will get started at 8:30

 

Al Haley ahaley@vsb.bc.ca

Class blog: haleyshec.blogspot.com

 

My tentative classes for next term:

P1 8:30-10:45-    EF7/Eng10/Eng11

P2 11-1:15-          EF6, CW567

 

 

Today’s agenda

·      Continue adjective clauses

·      “The Wise Woman of Cordoba”

Small group brainstorming

·      “Literary Terms”

 

  Wednesday

·      Continue with “The Wise Woman of Cordoba”

·      Choose vocab for quiz

 

Thursday

·      Quiz#5 – adjective clauses

·      Continue “The Wise Woman of Cordoba”

 

Friday

·      Begin sentence combining

·      Test3 “WWoC”

 

 

Some of your examples from homework:

 

1.    A mouse that appeared in my apartment ate my plant's flower.

my plant's flower awk – the flower on one of my plants

2.    Steveston Buddhist Temple which was built in 1928 has a great reverend.

3.    Manisha who is a teacher of laughter yoga has a huge smile.

4.    The lapis lazuli is a mysterious stone which I got at the gem and mineral show.

5.    A red carnation that I bought two weeks ago is knocking on Heaven's door.

6.    I adore the diamond necklace which my mother gave me last year. which-special

7.    2.-My older brother who lives in Mexico is a well know wf entrepreneur. well-known (with a hyphen)

 

He is a three-year-old violin prodigy.

 

8.    E10 The professor told the students whose reports were turned in late that he would accept the papers this time but never again.

adj cl n cl

She told me that she wanted to buy the boat. n cl

 

 

9.    When he lit a cigarette, the man whose beard caught on fire poured a glass of water on his face.

adv cl   adj cl

The man whose beard caught on fire when he lit a cigarette poured a glass of water on his face. SCANS BETTER

The little kid whose shoes got dirty when he ran through the mud tried to clean them on the grass.

lit light

put a cigarette out/ stub it out

cigarette butt – the end part of a cigarette

cigarette (n)- smokes, coffin nails, cancer sticks (slang)

 

10.                       The professor whose course I am taking is excellent.

professor- post-secondary, college, university

11.                       I have to call the man whose umbrella I accidentally picked up after the meeting.

12.                       Tobacco whose large leaves are used for smoking or chewing is a plant.

tobacco – loose leaves

cigarette- rolled paper tube with tobacco inside

chewing tobacco – “chaw”

13.                       I have a special watch which my husband bought as an engagement gift.

14.                       I have a special watch which my husband bought (for) me as an engagement gift.

My wife bought a guitar.

My wife bought me a guitar.

 

15.                       My cat was very cuddly that I wish I could cuddle her again. RW

My cat was so cuddly that I wish I could cuddle her again.

so...that adv cl – adv cl better fit for this idea

My cat that I wish I could cuddle again was very cuddly. AWK

 

16.                       His uncle who lives in Florida has three kids.

17.                       I always take the bus that is on time regularly when I go to school every morning. BIT AWK

The bus that I take regularly when I go to school every morning is always on time. SCANS BETTER- sounds smoother

 

18.                       I like to make friends who are optimistic.

19.                       This adviser who is impatient is yelling at him.

This adviser who is impatient is starting to yell at him.

 

20.                       This fabulous ancient orient painting is her favorite collection. wf ww

oriental – old-fashioned word

This fabulous ancient Asian/Japanese/Thai painting is her favorite piece/work.

one painting – piece/work

This fabulous ancient Thai painting is from her favorite collection.

 

REMINDER- ORDER OF ADJECTIVES:

opinion, size, age, shape, colour, material, origin, purpose NOUN

 

21.                       I prefer this big round ivory hardwood dining table.

SIMPLE – lots of adjectives

22.                       The pyramid is a miraculous amazing ancient huge stone Egyptian tomb. SIMPLE

23.                       My friend who has a chocolate-brown eyes is a great photographer.

24.                       The girl that hit me by her car she’s so rude. RW

The girl that hit me with her car was very rude. 

so rude – casual, speaking

very rude- for writing

 

25.                       I love the necklace which my mom gave to me for my birthday five years ago.

26.                       Julie who is my sister’s friend wore my beautiful pink dress for her graduation.

27.                       I like to drink a juice that is cold. overwritten

I like to drink a cold juice.

I like to drink a juice when it is cold. adv cl 

28.                       The woman who he married is nice.

29.                       The watch which my grandfather gave (to) me is very special to me.

30.                       The person who helped me in/with my math test knows my brother. 

31.                       I saw the movie that she recommended to me.

 

Excellent work!

 

 

Adjective clauses

*Basic level of knowledge

who- people

that- things, animals, people (impolite, not respectful sounding)

which- special things, unique things

 

*Deeper level

commas or no commas around adjective clauses

-commas – special, unique, only one- a good time to use commas

 

‘which’ is a good candidate for commas

Manila, which is the capital of The Philippines, is a huge city.

 

SLIGHTLY DIFFERENT MEANINGS / MESSAGES

A.   Dave’s dog, that has white fur, loves to swim.

B.    Dave’s dog that has white fur loves to swim.

 

A.   Dave’s dog, that has white fur, loves to swim. Suggests that Dave has one dog. non-restrictive clause, non-essential clause (grammar books) – extra information, not essential

Dave’s dog loves to swim. can be omitted

 

B.    Dave’s dog that has white fur loves to swim. Suggests that Dave has more than one dog.

restrictive clause, essential clause (grammar books) – not extra information, essential, cannot be omitted

 

* detail, subtle, not a major problem if you get it wrong

 

A.   My car that I bought at Richmond Auto Mall is a 2018 Toyota.

B.    My car, that I bought at Richmond Auto Mall, is a 2018 Toyota.

Complete subject

 

A.   Micheal’s son who is 10 loves to play football.

B.    Micheal’s son, who is 10, loves to play football.

 

How to distinguish the difference- written- straightforward

                                                              -spoken – subtle

commas – spoken- breath marks – take a breath, small beat, pause

 

Rhythm in speech is very important.

 

 

GRAMMAR: difference between main subject and complete subject

main subject – just one noun, subject of the sentence

complete subject  - main noun plus all the modifiers, subject of the sentence

 

A.   My car that I bought at Richmond Auto Mall is a 2018.

B.    My car, that I bought at Richmond Auto Mall, is a 2018.

 

complete subject

My car that I bought at Richmond Auto Mall is a 2018. suggests 2+ cars

My car, that I bought at Richmond Auto Mall, is a 2018. suggests 1 car

 

commas around an adjective clause means just extra information

 

Look it up in a grammar book:

restrictive and non-restrictive clauses

essential and non-essential clauses

 

 

Examples:

A.   Her son who is nine is very shy. How many sons? 2+

B.    Her son, who is nine, is very shy. How many sons? 1

 

main subject complete subject

Her son who is nine is very shy. How many sons? 2+

Her son, who is nine, is very shy. How many sons? 1

 

Mohamed moved to Vancouver, which is the largest city in BC.

comma or no comma? How many Vancouvers are there?

which is the largest city in BC – extra information

I live in Vancouver.

I live in Vancouver, which has lots of nice parks.

 

Your school, which is at Fraser and 43th, is holding in-class classes. 1 school

Your school which is at Fraser and 43th is holding in-class classes. suggests 2+ schools eg. SHEC, VCC

 

speaking – commas are breath marks, take a beat, slight pause

 

A.   My school, which is at Fraser and 43th, is holding in-class classes.

B.    My school which is at Fraser and 43th is holding in-class classes.

 

Let’s meet at the Starbucks. enough information?

 

Let’s meet at the Starbucks which is at Georgia and Bute. necessary information, essential clause   no comma

 

Let’s meet at Scienceworld, which is open right now. not necessary information, just extra information, non-essential clause

 

** subtle difference – has meaning to an English listener

*** If you get it wrong, it is a small problem.

 

Shirin’s mother, who is retired, likes to travel. 1 mother

Shirin’s mother who is retired likes to travel. 2+ mothers

MORE LIKELY EXAMPLE:

Shirin’s aunt who is retired likes to travel. 2+ aunts

 

REVIEW

A.   My sister who lives in Spain volunteers for a dog rescue society.

B.    My sister, who lives in Spain, volunteers for a dog rescue society.

 

A.   How many sisters do I have? One or more than one? suggest 2+

Subject is “My sister who lives in Spain”

The adjective clause is restricting the meaning of ‘sister’.

Grammar book: restrictive clause, essential clause

 

B.    How many sisters do I have? One or more than one? 1

Subject is “My sister”

The adjective clause is not restricting the meaning of ‘sister’.

Grammar book: non-restrictive clause, non-essential clause

 

Example:

Mui’s sister who lives in Switzerland is retired. Her other sisters, who live in Seattle, are also retired.

 

Clark’s brother who lives in Jiuquan is an architect.

His other brother, who lives in Lanzhou, is an engineer.

 

other / another

His other brother, who lives in Lanzhou, is an engineer.

His another brother, who lives in Lanzhou, is an engineer. XXX

He has another brother who lives in Lanzhou.

 

MORE INFORMATION TO EXPLORE:

https://www.grammarly.com/blog/using-that-and-which-is-all-about-restrictive-and-non-restrictive-clauses/?gclid=CjwKCAjwruSHBhAtEiwA_qCppvmHGTPcCPEl-fiCdNnSoq5n02Ygj0govWwh5Of09op_QWBYrJ5CHxoCh74QAvD_BwE&gclsrc=aw.ds

 

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