Good morning, everyone.
We will get started at 8:30.
Today’s agenda
1. Replacement quiz for tomorrow
2. Sentence combining from homework
3. Begin short stories next week.
Review “Literary Terms” – I will email this to you today.
Easter Holiday – four-day weekend
April 2, 4 -Good Friday, Easter Monday - holidays
I don’t know which classes I will be teaching in Fourth Quarter. As soon as I find out, I will let you know.
Sentence Combining
- most useful kind of sentence writing work
- practical
- uses all of the skills we have studies so far
- puts the grammar work into practice
-take several short sentences
-figure out what information is important in each of them
-combine them together into one longer sentence
simple example
e.g.
Kai plays soccer. KERNEL
Find new information in the other sentences. Avoid repetition.
He plays every day.
He plays with his friends.
They play at school.
Decide how you want to combine these elements.
simple? compound? complex?
Kai plays soccer.
every day.
with his friends.
at school.
SIMPLE
Kai plays soccer every day at school with his friends.
COMPOUND
Kai plays soccer every day with his friends, and they play at school.
COMPLEX
Kai plays soccer every day with his friends when they are at school.
You want to be able to write in several different sentence styles. That is out goal.
** For homework
At the Beach
1. The group met at the beach. KERNEL – centre, main sentence
They met at 10:00 a.m.
They met every day.
The beach was public.
The group met if it was sunny.
Decide how you would like to combine these elements:
The group met at the beach
at 10:00 a.m.
every day
public
if it was sunny
The group met at the public beach at 10:00 a.m. every day if it was sunny.
Every day, the group met at the public beach at 10:00 a.m. if it was sunny.
Every day if it was sunny, the group met at the public beach at 10:00 a.m..
Every day at 10:00 a.m., the group met at the public beach if it was sunny.
You can move the elements around to change the feel of the sentences. This is style more than grammar.
Which one sounds better? Which one reads better?
2. The beach was hot.
The beach was crowded.
The beach was exciting.
There were children.
There were adults.
There were clowns.
There were lifeguards.
YOUR EXAMPLES FROM EXERCISE #2 IN CHAT
1. The crowded beach was hot and exciting; therefore, there are children, adults, clowns and life guards. LOGIC? vt
The crowded beach was hot and exciting; there were children, adults, clowns and life guards.
2. The beach was hot, crowded, and exciting because there were children, adults, clowns, and lifeguards.
3. It was exciting at the beach that was hot and crowded with children, adults, clowns and lifeguards. adj cl
4. There were children, adults, clowns, and lifeguards on the hot, crowded, and exciting beach. SIMPLE SENTENCE
5. The beach was exciting, but it was hot and crowded. There were children, adults, clowns and lifeguards. 2 SIMPLES
6. The exciting beach was crowded with children, adults, and lifeguards. SIMPLE missing ‘hot’
7. The beach was hot and crowded because there were children and adults; in addition, it was exciting because of clowns and lifeguards. COMPOUND COMPLEX – high-level sentence
3. Mr. Isaac sold ice cream.
It was packed in ice.
He was considered part of the beach.
The truck was small.
The truck was in the parking lot.
YOUR EXAMPLES FROM EXERCISE #3 IN CHAT
1. Mr. Isaac sold ice cream packed in ice and considered part of the beach with a small truck in the parking lot.
Mr. Isaac who was considered part of the beach sold ice cream packed in ice from a small truck in the parking lot.
2. Mr. Isaac sold ice cream that packed in ice in the small truck; he considered part of the beach, so the truck was in the parking lot. vf rep
Mr. Isaac sold ice cream that was packed in ice in a small truck in the parking lot; he was considered part of the beach.
3. Mr. Isaac was considered to sell ice cream that was packed in ice at part of the beach, but the truck was small in the parking lot. Meaning? Awkward. Not English.
4. Mr.Issac who was considered part of the beach sold ice cream that packed in ice .His track that was in the parking lot was small.
Mr. Isaac who was considered part of the beach sold ice cream that was packed in ice. His truck that was in the parking lot was small. Why does this have its own sentence?
Mr. Isaac who was considered part of the beach sold ice cream that was packed in ice from his small truck that was in the parking lot.
Don’t write a new sentence for something that is not important.
Mei bought a new dress. Also, the dress was green. XXX
Give things the weight that they deserve.
Mei bought a new green dress.
Mei bought a new dress which is green.
5. Mr. Isaac who was considered part of the beach sold ice cream which was packed in ice, and the small truck was in the parking lot. What truck?
6. Mr. Isaac who was considered part of the beach sold ice cream that was packed in ice while the small truck was in the parking lot. What truck?
7. Mr. Isaac sold ice cream that was packed in ice with his small ice cream truck at the parking lot in part of the beach.
Mr. Isaac sold ice cream that was packed in ice from his small ice cream truck in the parking lot in part of the beach.
*** The sentence combining work looks easy. Actually, it is very subtle. It will reveal your strengths and weaknesses in using English.
8. Mr. Isaac was considered part of the beach where he sold ice cream that was packed in ice in his small truck in the parking lot.
9. Mr. Isaac sold ice cream packed in ice and was considered part of the beach because the small truck was in the parking lot. Logic?
10. The small truck was in the parking lot because Mr. Isaac who was considered part of the beach sold ice cream that was packed in ice. vf
11. The truck was small and packed with ice cream; therefore, Mr. Isaac started selling in the parking lot.. Meaning is different.
12. Mr. Isaac sold ice cream which was packed in ice that was considered part of the beach from his small truck in parking lot.
Mr. Isaac who was considered part of the beach sold ice cream which was packed in ice from his small truck in the parking lot.
This is heavy work, but good work. It is not as easy as it looks.
The sentences have to be clear, meaningful, and hopefully, stylish.
* verb form - passive and active voice
Mr. Isaac packed the ice cream in ice. active voice
The ice cream was packed in ice. passive voice
5. The teenagers lay in the sun.
They played volleyball.
The children swam.
The children waded.
The children ran in the sand.
They ran for the joy of running.
YOUR EXAMPLES
The teenagers lay in the sun and played volleyball, but the children waded and ran in the sand for the joy of running. COMPOUND
SVV, but SVV.
The teenagers lay in the sun while the children played volleyball, swam, waded, and ran in the sand just for the joy of running. COMPLEX
Different meaning.
The teenagers lay in the sun after they played volleyball while the children were swimming and wading; also, the children/they ran for the joy of running in the sand. VERY STRONG COMPOUND COMPLEX
** NOTE: Avoid unnecessary repetition. Some repetition is necessary.
The teenagers lay in the sun and played volleyball; on the other hand, the children swam, waded, and ran in the sand for the joy of running.
The teenagers lay in the sun after they swam, waded, played volleyball, and ran in the sand for the joy of running. teenagers/children
The teenagers played volleyball, and they lay in the sun; the children waded, swam and they ran in the sand for the joy of running.
Review SV
The teenagers lay in the sun, and they played volleyball, swam, waded and ran in the sand for the joy of running. teenagers/children
The teenagers lay in the sun and played volleyball; the children swam, waded and ran in the sand for the joy of running.
Very good. Good enough for UBC. This is exactly what we want.
The teenagers lay in the sun and played volleyball; however, the children swam, waded, and ran in the sand for the joy of running.
The teenagers who played volleyball lay in the sun; the children swam and waded; also, they ran for the joy of running in the sand.
Avoid stringing independent clauses together - SV; SV; SV.
The teenagers who played volleyball lay in the sun; the children swam, waded, and ran for the joy of running in the sand.
While the teenagers lay in the sun, they played volleyball; however, the children running joy in the sand swam and waded on the beach.
Impossible RW
Not English
The teenagers lay in the sun and played volleyball while children swam and waded. Missing elements
6. A group of clowns juggled.
They played with children.
The children were laughing.
The clowns gave out balloons.
The balloons were filled with helium.
A group of clowns juggled and played with children who were laughing, and the clowns gave out balloons filled with helium.
A group of clowns juggled and played with the children, and the children were laughing with them; in addition, the clowns gave them out balloons which were filled with helium. ? RW
A group of clowns juggled and played with children; also, they gave out the children balloons that were filled with helium; therefore, the children were laughing. RW Not English
A group of clowns juggled and played with laughing children and gave out balloons that were filled with helium.
A group of clowns juggled and played with children who were laughing, gave out balloons which were filled with helium. Not English.
FIX
A group of clowns juggled and played with children who were laughing; they gave out balloons which were filled with helium.
The group of clowns juggled and played with children who were laughing, and the clowns gave out balloons that were filled with helium.
COMPOUND COMPLEX
Great sentence style.
The group of clowns juggled and played with children which caused them to laugh; also, they gave out balloons which were filled with helium.
A group of clowns juggled and played with children, and they also gave out balloons that were filled with helium.
A group of clowns played juggles with the children, and they were laughing; also they gave them balloons filled with helium. RW
A group of clowns juggled, played with the children, and gave them balloons that were filled with helium.
Finish tomorrow:
7. The sand was white.
The white was glaring.
The sand emitted waves of heat.
The waves of heat blurred the water.
The water was beyond the beach.
The water was blue.
The blue was vibrant.
I will give you sentence combining exercises until the end of the course.
You don’t have to do them all. Just try a few, and we can share them the next day.
Homework
Sentence combining exercises.
The first sentence will be the kernel. Find new information in the other sentences. Add the new information to the kernel. Remember that every sentence you write has to be simple, compound, or complex.
AIR SHOW
1. The air show attracts locals.
The air show attracts tourists.
There are thousands of people.
The show grows bigger.
The show grows every year.
2. Jets fly overhead.
They are screaming.
They fly low.
They fly in teams.
Their pilots display skills.
3. Adults watch.
They are in awe.
They are cringing.
Some children are crying.
Some children cover their·ears.
They want to see more.
4. Skydivers float to earth.
They are 1000 metres up.
They float gently.
They float down.
They guide their falls.
They land on a cross.
The cross is white.
5. Biplanes engage in fights.
The planes are imitations of early aircraft.
The fights are typical of WW1.
We can share some tomorrow.
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