Canada
first-year
second-year
third-year
US
freshman
sophomore
junior
senior
Canada
elementary K-6
(some districts) middle-school / junior high school 7-9
high school / secondary 10-12
Vancouver 7-12
Churchill Secondary
**
emotion- angry?
hungry
exhausted – SLANG wiped, beat
frustrated- SLANG ticked off, POd, pissed off,
I’m POd!
enthusiastic, on-fire, eager, hungry to learn, willing
thirsty for knowledge, curious
Good afternoon
Today’s Agenda
·
Attendance
·
Continue with adjective clauses
Appositives
·
“Sentence Type” exercises
·
Preposition exercises
·
IF TIME Causative verbs
·
Optional replacement quiz and/or test. (1 hr+)
Thursday, April 17 - Final day
·
Option to write an essay for marks
·
Non-instructional day
·
One-on-one meetings if you want, just like midterm
Final marks and comments
·
Preparing report cards
Submit the final marks and report cards to the office
Next quarter begins Thursday, April 24th.
** Appositives **
DIFFERENT WORD positive- different meaning, no relation
Adjective clauses and appositives are similar. They do the
same job, but the grammar is different.
adjective clause
I like my teacher whose name is Mrs. Loo.
I like my teacher, who is named Mrs. Loo.
I like my teacher who is named Mrs. Loo.
appositive
I like my teacher, who is named Mrs. Loo.
I like my teacher, Mrs. Loo.
SENTENCE , NOUN or NAME
I like my teacher, Mrs. Loo.
I like my adopted city, Vancouver.
I love my new country, which is Canada.
I love my new country, Canada.
I love Canada. SIMPLE
I miss my old country, Colombia.
I miss my country, El Salvador.
ADJ CL I miss my
country, which is El Salvador.
APPOSITIVE I
miss my country, El Salvador.
You choice. Use both. Expand your repertoire.
An adjective clause can be shortened into an appositive.
Her new car, which is a Toyota Rav 4, is black. adj
cl
Her new car, a Toyota Rav 4, is black. appositive
This is my daughter
who is named Clara. adj cl
This is my daughter,
Clara. appositive
She is going
to her school, South Hill.
IDIOM She is
the apple of my eye.
She is going to visit her adopted homecity, which is Shenzhen.
adj cl
She is going to visit her adopted homecity, Shenzhen.
appositive
I like my teacher Mrs. Loo. XXX no comma , error
PRO TIP: When there is a name in the middle of a sentence,
put commas around it.
e.g I was talking with my friend, Michele, about the
party next week.
I was talking with my friend, Michele. appositive
I was talking with my friend, whose name is Michele,
about the party next week. adj cl
The girl who won the race, Gabriella, is happy.
I come from a very small country, Malta, which is in
the Mediterranean.
You are from a small country, El Salvador, which
is next to Guatemala.
appositive, adj cl
-name of a person, place, company, etc
Appositives helps to shorten sentences, especially ones with
adjective clauses.
Examples:
The teacher, Allan, is ok.
The girl, Grace, who won the race, is happy.
My lunch smells great. It is an onion and garlic sandwich.
My lunch, which is an onion and garlic sandwich,
smells great. adj cl
My lunch, an onion and garlic sandwich, smells great.
appositive
Last night, her supper last night, a homemade
hamburger, was delicious.
slider- tiny hamburger
Our class, Writing Improvement 567, will finish tomorrow.
He wrote an exam for his English class, English Foundations
5. It was exhausting.
OPTIONS
He wrote an exam for English Foundations 5. SIMPLE SENT
He wrote an exam for his English class, English Foundations
5. appositive
He wrote an exam for his English class, which is English
Foundations 5. adj cl
OPTION
This is my daughter, Clara.
This is Clara, my daughter.
He wrote an exam for his English class, English Foundations
5.
He wrote an exam for English Foundations 5, his English
class.
EXAMPLE:
Fatima’s son is an engineer. He is moving to Toronto next
week.
Fatima’s son, who is an engineer, is moving to
Toronto next week. adj cl
Fatima’s son, an engineer, is moving to Toronto next
week. appositive
Let’s try some for practice.
Combine these using appositives:
1. Jessica is the youngest student in the
class. She had the highest mark.
appositives
The youngest
student in the class, Jessica, had the highest mark.
Jessica, the youngest student in the class, had the
highest mark.
adj cl
The youngest
student in the class, whose name is Jessica, had
the highest
mark.
Jessica, who was the youngest student in the class, had
the highest mark.
2. The baby is
six months old. He does not sleep well.
The six-month-old baby does not sleep well. SIMPLE
appositive
The baby, six months old, does not sleep well.
The baby, a six-month-old, does not sleep well.
adj cl
The baby who is six months old does not sleep well.
The baby, who is a six-month-old, does not sleep well.
The horse is four years old.
The horse is a four-year-old.
horse racing- judge- harness racing
harness racing – the horse is pulling a sulky (cart)
jockey- the person who races the horse
The jockey sits in the sulky.
horse’s gait- the way it moves its legs
pacers or trotters
https://www.hastingsracecourse.com/racing/
3. Eileen was the marketing manager. She
organized the ad campaign.
appositives
The marketing manager, Eileen, organized the ad campaign.
Eileen, the
marketing manager, organized the ad campaign.
adj cl
Eileen, who
was the marketing manager, organized the ad campaign.
The marketing
manager, who is Eileen, organized the ad campaign.
who is Eileen / whose name is Eileen
non-essential and essential clauses
Eileen, who
was the marketing manager, organized the ad campaign.
Eileen who
was the marketing manager organized the ad campaign.
SPEAKING TIP: comma- leave a little pause, breath mark
4. The class was
taught by Mrs. McKnight. She is a retired teacher.
adj cl
The class was taught by Mrs. McKnight who is a retired
teacher.
The class was taught by a retired teacher whose name is Mrs.
McKnight.
Mrs. Knight, who is a retired teacher, taught the class.
appositives
The class was taught by Mrs. McKnight, who is a
retired teacher.
The class was taught by a retired teacher, Mrs. McKnight.
A retired
teacher, Mrs. Knight, taught the class.
Mrs. Knight,
a retired teacher, taught the class.
adj cl- who
that which
The car,
which my friend drives, is known for its impressive speed.
REVIEW OUR
WORK ON ADJECTIVE CLAUSES- blog
5. The
car was a red convertible. The car was speeding through the neighbourhood.
The car which was a red convertible was speeding through the
neighbourhood. adj cl
The car, a red convertible, was speeding through the neighbourhood.
appositive
6. Friends is an American sitcom. It is very
popular with ESL students.
Friends, which
is an American sitcom, is very popular with ESL students. adj cl
Friend, an
American sitcom, is very popular with ESL students. appositive
7. The
Nakdong River, the longest river in Korea, is over 500 km long. appositive
No SV
The Nakdong River, which is the longest
river in Korea, is over 500 km long. adj cl
The longest river in Korea, the Nakdong
River, is over 500 km long. appositive
8. English is the language of business. It
is a challenging language to
learn.
English, which
is the language of business, is a challenging language to learn. adj cl
English, which
is the language of business, is a challenging language to learn. appositive
Example:
This building, which is a library, has many ancient
books.
This building, a library, has many ancient books.
Let’s take a break, a ten-minute breather.
IDIOM breather- short break
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