Good
morning, everyone.
We
will get started at 8:30.
Cameras
on. Mics muted.
Thursday
·
Continue with adj cl- subject and object
pronouns – Quiz#5 tomorrow
·
Continue with Viola Desmond and Rosa Parks
·
breakout group chatting
·
HW Read
about “The Little Rock Nine”
Essential information:
https://nmaahc.si.edu/blog-post/little-rock-nine
More in-depth information:
https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/central-high-school-integration
Friday
·
Quiz#5-adj cl
·
“The Little Rock Nine”
·
Review para structure- The power of simple
sentences TS
·
ADVICE – Refer directly to the source stories
when writing your paragraph. Demonstrate that you are familiar with the
stories.
·
Idioms
Monday
·
Test#2 – paragraph about Viola Desmond/Rosa
Parks
·
Read through UN Declaration of Human Rights.
https://www.un.org/en/about-us/universal-declaration-of-human-rights
Choose one of the articles that speaks to
you. Prepare a few sentences to tell us which acticle you chose and a sentences
about why for next class.
IDIOM: ‘say a few words’ – talk briefly on a subject, talk
for a few
minutes
Adjective clauses
Sentence types:
SIMPLE
COMPOUND
COMPLEX -adverb
clauses
-noun
clauses
-adjective
clauses
adjective – more indepth, more detailed
start basic and then go deeper
adjectives – describes a noun
the red hat adjective
adjective – opinion, size, age, shape, colour, origin,
purpose
ORDER OF ADJECTIVES: opinion, size, age, shape, colour,
origin, purpose
The beautiful small new round lime-green Martian flying
machine is right there. TOO MANY ADJECTIVES – PICK 2-3
My grandmother broke her gorgeous sky-blue English teapot.
adjectives – good for simple ideas
more complicated, in-depth description – use adjective
clause
Three most common pronouns for adjective clauses: who that
which.
Other less commonly used pronouns for adjective clauses:
whom, where, whose
FOCUS ON HIGH FREQUENCY USAGE: who that which
who – used for people, any people, sounds nice, sounds
polite and respectful
that- things that are not alive, animals, people ( sounds a
little respectful, you don’t that person)
which- special things (to you), unique things
What a beautiful baby!
Oh. Lovely!
Which child is yours?
Is that your son? -sounds ok
Looks just like you!
who- people
My neighbour who is very elderly does not like my son
to play in the backyard.
who is very
elderly adj cl
elderly – elder, senior, aged (Biblical), older, old, senior
citizen
My dad is getting older. He is older now. He is 79.
impolite- one foot in the grave, on his last legs, knocking
on Heaven’s door, on his deathbed, long in the tooth, ready to give up the ghost
Sometimes people who are very elderly start to worry about
going to heaven. They start going to church and praying and reading Holy books.
“They are cramming for the final.”
‘cramming for the final’ - studying all night before a big
test
cram- study hard in a short period of time
‘cram schools’ – Japan, school that promote intense studying
for a exam
Jun’s sister who lives
in Spain is a nurse.
COMMON ERROR: Jun’s sister who lives in Spain. frag, not a complete sentence
In a sentence with an adjective clause, you have to say two
things.
Jun’s sister who lives in Spain is a nurse. 1 2
that – animals, things, people we don’t like
Marta has a dog who that has cute floppy ears.
‘who’ sounds strange for animals
Shirin got a new phone that has a seven-inch screen.
I met the guy that Joanne is seeing now. He was
really rude.
The guy that my sister married is a bit of a clown.
The guy that my sister married is coming over for a
visit. -secret message- don’t like him much-
The guy who my sister married is coming over for a
visit. – secret message- like him-
The guy who my sister married is really good fellow.
SOURCE OF CONFUSION ‘that’ is used in noun clauses and
adjective clauses
which – special things, unique things
I have a silver ring which my son gave me. a special
thing to me
She is wearing the jade necklace which her grandmother
gave to her.
She is wearing the jade necklace that her grandmother
gave to her. (sounds like a regular necklace, not special)
Clara put the picture which her son painted for her
up on the fridge.
Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a huge
city. unique
Marta visited the Eiffel Tower that is in Paris. XXX
Marta visited the Eiffel Tower, which is in Paris.
A brief introduction to adjective clauses: who that which
We will go deeper tomorrow.
Let’s get some examples in Chat:
1.
His house, which is located in North Vancouver,
is very expensive.
2.
I came to Vancouver, which is the best city to
live in the world.
3.
I would like to visit my grandmother who will
turn 100 years old.
4.
My son who is 12 loves to play with lego.
5.
My friend who is very beautiful is a fashion
icon.
6.
I do not like crafts which I have to do at work.
7.
Her dog that has a long tail is brown.
8.
I visit my mothe who lives in Ottawa.
9.
I went to the aquarium which is in Stanley park.
10.
I have to visit my best friend who played with
me since I was a seven-year-old.
She is seven years old.
She is a seven-year-old. (noun)
11.
The girl who is wearing the red shirt is my
little sister.
12.
My daughter who is playing the violin decided to
study more music.
13.
I love the ring which my husband gave me on my
birthday.
14.
Joe bought a new laptop that cost $2000.
15.
The girl who is standing in the corner is my classmate.
16.
My friend visited the park which is close to my
home.
17.
I have a lot of apples that my mother gave me
yesterday.
18.
My boss who is very polite resigned yesterday.
19.
I went to the aquarium which is in Stanley park.
20.
James wore a fine black tux which his dad gave
him.
We will continue with this tomorrow.
I will email some more in-depth instruction on adjective
clauses. You can explore it if you wish.
Basic level of knowledge
who
that
which
Deeper level
commas or no commas around adjective clauses
-commas – special, unique, only one- a good time to use
commas
Dave’s dog, that has white fur, loves to swim. -has one dog
Dave’s dog that has white fur loves to swim. -suggests he
has more than one dog
subtle, not a major if you get it wrong
A.
My sister who lives in Spain volunteers
for a dog rescue society.
B.
My sister, who lives in Spain, volunteers for a
dog rescue society.
A.
How many sisters do I have? One or more than
one? suggest 2+
Subject is “My sister who lives in Spain”
The adjectie clause is restricting the
meaning of ‘sister’.
Grammar book: restrictive clause, essential
clause
B.
How many sisters do I have? One or more than
one? 1
Subject is “My sister”
The adjective clause is not restricting the
meaning of ‘sister’.
Grammar book: non-restrictive clause, non-essential
clause
MORE INFORMATION TO EXPLORE:
EVEN DEEPER LEVEL:
Two ways to write an adj cl:
I was talking to the woman who is my sister’s friend.
The woman who I was talking to is my sister’s friend.
These adj cl are different from each other.
I was talking to the woman who is my sister’s friend. subject pronoun
The woman who I
was talking to is my sister’s friend.
object pronoun
When you have an object pronoun, you have choice!
The woman who I
was talking to is my sister’s friend.
object pronoun
The woman I was talking
to is my sister’s friend. OMIT the ‘who’
MOST AUTHENTIC SOUNDING- WHAT AN ENGLISH WOULD DO
The woman whom I
was talking to is my sister’s friend. formal,
very unusual English speakers do not bother with ‘whom’.
-sounds fake, pretentious
To whom were you talking? SOUNDS FAKE AND PRETENTIOUS
Who were you talking to? SOUNDS AUTHENTIC
FREE ADVICE #3: Forget about ‘whom’. Nobody uses it.
My sister gave me a watch that has a Mickey Mouse face. subject pronoun
The watch that my sister
gave me has a Mickey Mouse face.
object pronoun
CHOICE!
The watch that my sister
gave me has a Mickey Mouse face.
The watch my sister gave
me has a Mickey Mouse face.
Combine these using adjective clauses. Combine them both
ways: with a subject pronoun and with an object pronoun. Get them in Chat.
1.
Jun built a bench. The bench was wooden.
2.
Sarah got a new phone. The phone was very inexpensive.
3.
May drew a picture. The picture was of an apple.
4.
Canada is a very large country. It has a population
of only 36 million.
YOUR EXAMPLES:
1.
The bench that Jun built was wooden. object
pronoun
The bench Jun built was wooden. object
pronoun
2.
Canada is a very large country that has a
population of only 36 million. subject pronoun
3.
Jun built a bench which is the bench was wooden.
XXX
Jun built a bench which is wooden. subj
pron
4.
Jun built a bench that was wooden. subj pron
5.
The bench that was wooden was built by
Jun. subj pron
6.
The bench that Jun built was wooden. obj
pron
The bench Jun built was wooden.
7.
Sarah got a new phone which The phone was very
XXX
Sarah got a new phone which was very inexpensive.
subj
8.
The picture that May drew was of
an apple. obj
The picture May drew was of an apple.
This is a picture of you in front of the Eiffel Tower.
The picture that May drew was of
an apple.
The picture was of an apple.
The picture was an apple. awkward, missing prep
Prepositions are very tricky becuase there are no rules for which
prep to use. They are all idiomatic.
9.
Sara got a new phone which is very inexpensive.
subj
10.
Jun built a bench that was wooden. subj
11.
Jun built a bench that was wooden. (object
subj pronoun)
The bench that
Jun built was wooden. (object pronoun)
The bench Jun built was wooden. (OMIT
object pronoun)
12.
The picture that Mary draw was of an
apple. obj
The picture Mary draw was of an
apple. OMIT obj
13.
Jun built that wooden bench. SIMPLE
14.
Canada is a very large country that has a
population of only 36 million. subj -lots
of countries
15.
Canada, which has a population of only 36
million, is a very large country.
REVIEW 14 and 15
Canada is the largest country
which has a population of only 36 million. Meaning?
Canada is one of the largest
countries which has a population of only 36 million. misplaced modifier
Canada which has a population
of only 36 million is one of the largest countries. right place
The man saw a cat who was riding
a bicyle. in the wrong place- misplaced modifier
The man saw a cat who was riding
a bicyle.
The man who was riding a bicyle
saw a cat. Now it is in the right place.
I gave some coffee to my sister that
was cold and bitter. misplaced modifier
I gave some coffee that was
cold and bitter to my sister.
John bought a table for his
grandmother that has three legs.
John bought a table that has
three legs for his grandmother.
16.
The new phone that Sarah got was very
inexpensive. obj
The new phone Sarah got was very
inexpensive. OMIT obj
17.
Canada, which is a very large country, has a
population of only 36 million.
18.
The bench was wooden, Jun built it. XXX
The bench that Jun built was wooden.
COMPLEX- adj cl
Jun built a bench that was wooden.
COMPLEX- adj cl
Jun built a wooden bench. SIMPLE
Jun built a bench, and it was
wooden. COMPOUND
19.
Jun built a bench that was wooden. subj
20.
Sarah got a new phone that was very inexpensive.
subj
21.
Jun built a bench that was wooden.
22.
Sarah got a new phone that was very inexpensive.
23.
Jun built a bench that was wooden.
24.
The bench that Jun built was wooden.
25.
Sara got a phone that was very inexpensive.
26.
The phone that Sara got was inexpensive.
The phone Sara
got was inexpensive.
27.
Mary draw a picture of an apple. SIMPLE
28.
The bench that Jun built was wooden.
29.
Sarah got a new phone that was very inexpensive.
30.
Sarah got the phone that was very inexpensive is
a new phone. XXX
Sarah got the phone that was very
inexpensive. It is a new phone.
31.
Sarah got a new phone that was every
inexpensive.
My grandmother gave me a ring which I love.
My grandmother gave me a ring I love.
Canada which has a population of only 36 million has
a huge landmass.
Canada which has only 36 million population is a huge
country.
Canada which has a population of 36 million has a
huge landmass.
Practice Quiz for
Tomorrow
Add an adjective
clause to each sentence.
e.g. dog that
I have a cute dog that loves to
swim and fetch.
1. bicycle that
2. John who
3. key which
4. wine that
5. shoes who
6. barbecue that
**
Rosa Parks – read for homework
Quick intro:
https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/rosa-parks
More in-depth:
https://achievement.org/achiever/rosa-parks/
More information than you
need:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks
civil rights – your rights within your country
Segregation – seperation of the races
movie Loving 2016
-modern civil rights struggle LGBTQ+
Gay Marriage
Rosa Parks – seamstress
- took the bus – sections for White and Black people
-boycott the bus system
The Civil Rights Movement in the US
demand – equal rights for Black Americans
- similar situation to Viola Desmond
Books about slavery in the US:
Uncle Tom’s Cabin Harriet Beecher Stowe
Roots Alex Haley- also a TV series
seamstress – feminine term (old-fashioned sounding)
tailor - masculine
-ess (feminine) sexist
language
actress - actor
waitress- server
stewardess- flight attendant, cabin crew
housewife- home maker, domestic engineer
househusband-
*household chores- jobs to do around the house- sweeping,
clean the kitchen, do the laundry,
*errands – small jobs that you have to leave the house to
do- pick up soap, drive the kids, get groceries
“I was running around doing errands all day.”
Let’s choose some vocab from the Rosa Parks text for our adjective
clause quiz tomorrow:
1.
board
(v n)
2.
refuse (v)
3.
school (n)
4.
confront (v)
5.
active (a)
6.
social (a)
7.
organize (v)
8.
reveal (v)
9.
tired (a)
10.
permanent (a)
I’ll choose six from this list for our quiz tomorrow.
school that
The little kids play at the school that has a playground.
belittle, humiliate
Quizzes:
Quiz 1,2,3,4, 5- tomorrow
Next week, you will have an opportunity to do a repalcement
quiz. You can choose one quiz that you are not happy with. You can replace that
quiz with another quiz.
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