EF6 July 13

 Good morning, everyone.

We will get started at 8:30.

Cameras on. Mics muted.

Today’s agenda:

• Extra information about compound sentences. I emailed these to you yesterday. Check your email.

• Quiz#2 – compound sentence

• CBC article

• Talk about climate change

David Suzuki webpages

• Begin complex sentences – adverb clauses

Comma usage is very personal, and some people use more commas than others. However, you should definitely use a comma after a TRANS term.

e.g. The school doesn't have money for books. Furthermore, the building is old.

The school doesn't have money for books; furthermore, the building is old.

MY VISION FOR THE REMAINDER OF THE WEEK:

Wednesday

• Begin work on paragraph writing

• Continue with adverb clauses

Thursday

• Quiz#3 on adverb clauses

• Begin noun clauses

• Continue with paragraph work

Friday

• Continue with noun clauses

• Test#1- paragraph (150-200 words)

Quiz#2- Compound Sentences

Cameras on.

Write a compound sentence for each.

Email it to me as an attachment by 9:10. No lates.

e.g. and park

We got our running shoes on, and we ran around the park. 

1. and statue

2. so protest

3. but crowd

4. therefore damage

5. next burned

6. however property

https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/berg-lake-trail-mount-robson-provincial-park-flooding-1.6097648

staycation – stay close to home for your vacation

Rocky Mountains

glaciars

glacial lake

a glacier-fed lake

a nerve-racking experience

evacuated -rescued, by helicopter in this case

wade through flood water

could be swept away by the current

heat exhaustion – heat stroke

extreme weather 

very unusual weather patterns

swollen river

flooding river, overflowing its banks

dime and nickel-sized hail dime 10c, nickel 5c

1c – penny, cent

5c- nickel

10c- dime

25c- quarter

$1- loonie- Canada

$2- toonie- Canada

Why do you think we have been experiencing this extreme weather?

global warming – scary term

climate change- newer name, euphemism, gentler term

euphehism- more polite word than the actual word that says what actually happening

OLD WORD EUPHEMISM

difficult challenging

die passed away, passed, moved on

toilet bathroom, restroom, washroom

Are you worried/concerned about global warming?

slow process-

CO2- in the atmosphere

CO2- carbon dioxide, byproduct of burning fossil fuels

fossil fuels- oil, gas, coal

Review for tomorrow:

https://davidsuzuki.org/what-you-can-do/what-is-climate-change/

https://davidsuzuki.org/what-you-can-do/ten-reasons-hopeful-about-climate-action/

Let’s take our 10-minute break. Back at 9:55.

Sentence styles:

*SIMPLE

*COMPOUND , SOBA   ;   ; TRANS,

*COMPLEX

- adverb clauses

- noun clauses

- adjective clauses

COMPLEX SENTENCE- ADVERB CLAUSES- because when if (most commonly used)

Two ways to do it:

main clause + adverb clause

Jun is happy today because her son is visiting her. no comma

adverb clause, + main clause  

Because Jun’s son is visiting her, she is happy today. comma

main clause + adverb clause

My dog gets up when I get up. no comma

adverb clause, + main clause  

When I get up, my dog gets up. comma

main clause + adverb clause

Maria should start saving her money if she wants to buy that expensive dress. no comma

adverb clause, + main clause  

If Maria wants to buy that expensive dress, she should start saving her money. comma

**

Model for adverb clauses:

Main clause adverb clause.

Adverb clause,  main clause.

**

You should call your sister if you want a ride from the airport.

If you want a ride from the airport, you should call your sister.

IMPERATIVE: Call your sister if you want to get a ride.

You should call your sister, if you want a ride from the airport. XXX punc

-small error, does not impede understanding, still not right

OLD-FASHIONED RULE- Don’t start your sentences with ‘because’.

I do. We can ignore this rule.

COMPOUND

2 independent clauses put together

COMPLEX

1 independent clause and i dependent clause put together

COMPOUND

We are going camping this weekend, so we have to pack our gear.

COMPLEX

We have to pack our gear because we are going camping this weekend.

Because we are going camping this weekend, we have to pack our gear.

Sneezing: Bless you! Gesundheit! (German)

* Adverbial conjunctions (adverb clause words) 

Learning these will expand your ability to express your thoughts more clearly and precisely in English.

time- after, before, ever since, since, until, when, whenever, 

while, when/while

place- wherever

condition - if, even if, provided that, unless

manner- as, as if, though, although, even though, so ... that

cause- because, since

purpose- in order that, in order to, so that, 

after-

The kids did their homework after supper. prepositional phrase SIMPLE

The kids did their homework after SV supper. COMPLEX- ADVERB CL

The kids did their homework after they finished supper. no comma

After the kids finished supper, they did their homework. comma

This is an important difference!

The kids did their homework after supper. SIMPLE

The kids did their homework after they finished supper. COMPLEX

After they finished supper, the kids did their homework. COMPLEX

The kids finished supper, so they did their homework. COMPOUND

You are almost ready for UBC.

SIDE NOTE: I have a small editing business on the side. I edit papers for UBC and SFU students, mostly nursing students who are getting their masters degrees. When I edit a paper for a university, I use SIMPLE, COMPOUND and COMPLEX sentences.

The stuff we are learning will get you through school.

-since – two meanings: time, reason

since-time

May has lived in Canada since 1998. SIMPLE

May has lived in Canada since SV 1998.

May has lived in Canada since she moved/arrived/came/immigrated here from Vietnam in 1998. COMPLEX

simple past instead past perfect

Past perfect is not commonly used by native English speakers.

May has lived in Canada since she had moved here from Vietnam in 1998. 

May has lived in Canada since she moved here from Vietnam in 1998. 

since – reason, same as ‘because’

I am a little frustrated right now because the internet keeps dropping out.

I am a little frustrated right now since the internet keeps dropping out.

Because the internet keeps dropping out, I am a little frustrated right now.

Since the internet keeps dropping out, I am a little frustrated right now.

because/since – Your choice. Mix it up!

due to + noun

I am a little frustrated right now due to the internet dropping out. SIMPLE

‘dropping’- noun, gerund

-until – time (waiting)

I will wait until you finish.

Until you finish, I will wait. Sounds like poetry. Good for a poem or a song, or a love letter. Use your ear. Does it sound good?

I have been waiting for you until now. SIMPLE

I was waiting for you until 10 pm. SIMPLE

I was waiting for you until I fell asleep. COMPLEX

I was waiting for you until your sister called me. COMPLEX

I will keep learning English until I am fluent. COMPLEX

when/while

when – one time

while – two actions happening at the same time

Maria was washing the dishes when the phone rang.

                                           phone rang  *

¬¬¬¬washing   _______________________________

Maria was washing the dishes while the phone was ringing. UNLIKELY

while – Maria was washing the dished while her husband was sweeping the floor.

sweeping *******************************************

washing    ___________________________________________

I can’t talk to you while I am driving. I will call you back when I park my car.

‘while’ fits well with continuous tenses  ‘ing’

My dog stares at me while I am sleeping.

My dog likes to hold hands while he is lying down.

until – good for writing

til – very casual, good for talking not for school writing

since/ever since

since – time

ever since – feel like a long time

Marie has been waiting for the bus since 10:35. (less than five minutes) SIMPLE

Marie has been waiting for the bus ever since 10:10. (more than 25 minutes) SIMPLE

Min has been living in Vancouver since she came to Canada. COMPLEX

Min has been living in Vancouver ever since she came to Canada in 1978. COMPLEX

We have been friends since we were nine years old.

We have been BFFs ever since we were three years old.

BFF – best friends forever

MODELS:

I came to Canada since 2019. XXX

I came to Canada in 2019. SIMPLE

I have lived in Canada since 2019. SIMPLE

I have been in Canada for two years. SIMPLE

I lived in Canada since 2019. Not the best verb choice.

I have lived in Canada since 2019.

I have lived in Canada since April, 2019.

I have lived in Canada since April 24th, 2019.

while-

He sings while he is driving. COMPLEX

He sings while driving. SIMPLE

The music is beautiful while sad. sounds like grammar book

The music is beautiful but sad. sounds more authentic SIMPLE

The music is beautiful, but it is sad. COMPOUND

whenever -every time

Whenever her dog is left alone, he tips over the garbage and makes a mess.

Her dog tips over the garbage and makes a mess whenever he is left alone.

Emiko feels homesick whenever she looks at her photo album of family pictures.

Whenever Emiko looks at her photo album of family pictures, she feels homesick.

WILL CONTINUE TOMORROW