We
will get started at 8:30.
Cameras
on. Mics muted.
Wednesday
– Hump Day- going over the hump of the week
Happy
Hump Day!
Oh!
It’s Wednesday today.
This
has been a long week. I have been very busy.
I
can’t wait for the weekend.
Today’s agenda:
·
Review Quiz#2 – compound sentence
·
Talk about climate change
David Suzuki webpages
·
Continue with adverb clauses- Quiz#3
·
Begin work on paragraph writing
Thursday
·
Quiz#3 on adverb clauses
·
Begin noun clauses
·
Continue with paragraph work
Friday
·
Continue with noun clauses
·
Test#1- paragraph (150-200 words)
Cameras on.
Write a compound
sentence for each.
Email it to me as an
attachment by 9:10. No lates.
e.g. and park
We
got our running shoes on, and we ran around the park.
1. and statue
We
saw the beautiful statue of Venue de Milo,
but the gallery was very
crowded.
2. so protest
3. but crowd
4. therefore damage
Mark
wasn’t very careful when he was parking
his car in the narrow stall; therefore, he damaged his bumper.
5. next burned
6. however property
SV, SOBA SV.
SV ; TRANS, SV.
Let’s get some of your examples in Chat.
1.
The statue is 9 feet tall, and it is bronze in
color.
The statue is nine feet tall, and it is
bronze.
2.
The protest was a long walk, so we paused to
grab a drink.
3.
Some people was protesting about the regulation
on the road, so the traffic jam was terrible. Vague. RW. Be clearer.
4.
There were a lot of crowd at the
festival, but they were organized. # ww a big crowd, a lot of people
5.
Tom owns five properties in Canada; however, he
hasn't paid his property tax yet.
6.
Mary bought a new property in the city; however,
it is far from her family’s home.
7.
She burned all her ex-boyfriend’s photos; next,
she scratched his car with a bottle cap.
8.
The house caught fire, next the firefighter
came. PUNC
The house caught fire; next, the
firefighters came.
9.
I work with a person on the news, so I went to
see a protest with him.
10.
He wants his two sons to get that large amount
of money; however, only one of them gets that property.
11.
People tore down statues; next, they burned it.
#
People tore down statues; next, they burned
them.
12.
Many people don't like the statue, therefore it
often is damaged. punc
Many people don't like the statue;
therefore, it often is damaged.
13.
The property enshrines and belongs to the city; however, the
protestors vandalized and made many graffiti on it. ww RW #
The property belongs to the city; however,
the protestors vandalized and painted a lot of graffiti on it.
14.
I had damage to the kitchen pipe; therefore the
plumber came to repair it.
The kitchen pipe was damaged; therefore,
the plumber came to repair it.
I damaged the kitchen pipe; therefore, the
plumber came to repair it.
15.
The man cut trees; next, he burned them out.
16.
A lot of students were not satisfied with the
school’s decision, so they protested together on the campus.
17.
I burned a pot during making curry; next, I
needed to scrub the pot for long.
I burned a pot while (I was) making curry;
next, I needed to scrub the pot for a long time.
18.
I broke a glass in the kitchen; therefore, I
cleaned it up with a broom.
19.
He said the wrong thing before being nice:
therefore, the damaged was already done. Vague
IDIOM He put his foot in his mouth. He said
the wrong thing and felt embarassed.
I really put my foot in my mouth. I misspoke.
I said the wrong thing.
20.
Protestors made a lot damage in the city; therefore, they were
arrested by police.
Protestors caused a lot of damage in the
city; therefore, they were arrested by police.
Some of you are struggling with punctuation. Keep working in
that.
; ,
Many of you need to become more familiar with authentic English.
Listen and read in order to hear how English speakers express their thoughts.
Then, speak and read using those phrases and structures.
An anology: If I want to play jazz guitar, I have to listen
to jazz guitar, copy it, and create my own music based on what I learned. Then
I must play with other people.
When you get your quizzes back, we can discuss the sentences
in class on the next day. You do not have to rewrite the sentences and email
them to me. A few people have been emailing their corrected sentences. I am
happy to look at those.
Review for tomorrow:
https://davidsuzuki.org/what-you-can-do/what-is-climate-change/
https://davidsuzuki.org/what-you-can-do/ten-reasons-hopeful-about-climate-action/
David Suzuki- well-known in Canada, from BC- scientist,
climate scientist, wants to preserve the natural world
-passionate about the environment
-main concerns is global warming, climate change
-SOS Save our Ship, Save our Souls Morse code
-Green energy – electrical power that comes from sustainable
resources, resources that will not run out, not fossil fuels (gas, oil, coal)
e.g. solar, wind power, nuclear (modern and safer than
before)
Vocab words and phrases;
1.
thrive – be very successfull or happy, healthy
The baby panda thrived in his new home.
Shara thrived when she moved to Canada; she
really enjoys her newfound freedom.
I hope that you will thrive in your
classes.
2.
crust- the hard dry outer layer
the Earth’s crust – a scientific term
crusty (adj)– cranky, always in a bad mood
My eldery neighbour is a crusty old guy.
3.
People who are already vulnerable to socio-economic
challenges,
socio-economic – social PLUS economic
- Global warming will affect poor countries and poor people
the most.
4. enormous (adj) huge, immense, really
big
4.
looming (adj) coming, unavoidable, something to
be worried or scared of
My final math exam is looming in front of
me.
My friend, Keiko, is scared of her looming
Covid vaccination.
Sheryl is looking forward to her upcoming
wedding.
5.
sustainable (adj)- will not run out, unlimited
newfound- just discovered it
My 6-year-old daughter is obsessed with dancing. This
newfound hobby has really captured her imagination.
Over the course of the pandemic, many people have discovered
new found interests in domestic skills such as cooking, knitting, bread-making,
etc.
Let’s take our 10-minute break. Back at 10.
Continue with adverb clause work from yersterday.
Sentence
styles:
*SIMPLE
*COMPOUND
, SOBA ; ; TRANS,
*COMPLEX
-
adverb clauses
-
noun clauses
-
adjective clauses
COMPLEX
SENTENCE- ADVERB CLAUSES- because when if (most commonly used)
Two
ways to do it:
main
clause
+ adverb clause
Jun
is happy today because
her son is visiting her. no comma
adverb
clause, +
main clause
Because
Jun’s son is visiting her, she
is happy today.
comma
main
clause
+ adverb clause
My
dog gets up when
I get up. no
comma
adverb
clause, +
main clause
When
I get up, my
dog gets up. comma
main
clause
+ adverb clause
Maria
should start saving her money if
she wants to buy that expensive dress. no comma
adverb
clause, +
main clause
If
Maria wants to buy that expensive dress, she should start saving her money. comma
**
Model
for adverb clauses:
Main
clause adverb
clause.
Adverb
clause, main clause.
**
You
should call your sister if you want a ride from the airport.
If
you want a ride from the airport, you should call your sister.
IMPERATIVE:
Call your sister if you want to get a ride.
You
should call your sister, if you want a ride from the airport. XXX punc
-small
error, does not impede understanding, still not right
OLD-FASHIONED
RULE- Don’t start your sentences with ‘because’.
I
do. We can ignore this rule.
COMPOUND
2
independent clauses put together
COMPLEX
1
independent clause and i dependent clause put together
COMPOUND
We
are going camping this weekend, so we have to pack our gear.
COMPLEX
We
have to pack our gear because we are going camping this weekend.
Because
we are going camping this weekend, we have to pack our gear.
Sneezing:
Bless you! Gesundheit!
(German)
* Adverbial
conjunctions (adverb clause words)
Learning these will
expand your ability to express your thoughts more clearly and precisely in
English.
time- after,
before, ever since, since, until, when, whenever,
while, when/while
place- wherever
condition - if, even if, provided that, unless
manner- as, as if, though, although, even
though, so ... that
cause- because, since
purpose- in order that, in order to, so
that,
after-
The kids did
their homework after supper. prepositional phrase SIMPLE
The kids did
their homework after SV supper. COMPLEX- ADVERB CL
The kids did
their homework after they finished supper. no comma
After the kids
finished supper, they did their homework. comma
This is an important
difference!
The kids did
their homework after supper. SIMPLE
The kids did
their homework after they finished supper. COMPLEX
After they
finished supper, the kids did their homework. COMPLEX
The kids finished
supper, so they did their homework. COMPOUND
You are almost ready
for UBC.
SIDE NOTE: I have a
small editing business on the side. I edit papers for UBC and SFU students,
mostly nursing students who are getting their masters degrees. When I edit a
paper for a university, I use SIMPLE, COMPOUND and COMPLEX sentences.
The stuff we are
learning will get you through school.
-since – two
meanings: time, reason
since-time
May has lived in
Canada since 1998. SIMPLE
May has lived in
Canada since SV 1998.
May has lived in
Canada since she moved/arrived/came/immigrated here from Vietnam in 1998.
COMPLEX
simple past instead
past perfect
Past perfect is not
commonly used by native English speakers.
May has lived in
Canada since she had moved here from Vietnam in 1998.
May has lived in
Canada since she moved here from Vietnam in 1998.
since – reason, same
as ‘because’
I am a little
frustrated right now because the internet keeps dropping out.
I am a little
frustrated right now since the internet keeps dropping out.
Because the
internet keeps dropping out, I am a little frustrated right now.
Since the
internet keeps dropping out, I am a little frustrated right now.
because/since – Your
choice. Mix it up!
due to + noun
I am a little
frustrated right now due to the internet dropping out. SIMPLE
‘dropping’- noun,
gerund
-until – time
(waiting)
I will wait until
you finish.
Until you finish,
I will wait. Sounds like poetry. Good for a poem or a song, or a love
letter. Use your ear. Does it sound good?
I have been waiting
for you until now. SIMPLE
I was waiting for
you until 10 pm. SIMPLE
I was waiting for
you until I fell asleep.
COMPLEX
I was waiting for
you until your sister called
me. COMPLEX
I will keep learning
English until I am fluent. COMPLEX
when/while
when – one time
while – two actions
happening at the same time
Maria was washing
the dishes when the phone rang.
phone rang *
washing _______________________________
Maria was washing
the dishes while the phone was ringing. UNLIKELY
while – Maria was
washing the dished while her husband was sweeping the floor.
sweeping
*******************************************
washing ___________________________________________
I can’t talk to you
while I am driving. I will call you back when I park my car.
‘while’ fits well
with continuous tenses ‘ing’
My dog stares at me while
I am sleeping.
My dog likes to hold
hands while he is lying down.
until – good for
writing
til – very casual,
good for talking not for school writing
since/ever since
since – time
ever since – feel
like a long time
Marie has been
waiting for the bus since 10:35. (less than five minutes) SIMPLE
Marie has been
waiting for the bus ever since 10:10. (more than 25 minutes) SIMPLE
Min has been living
in Vancouver since she came to Canada. COMPLEX
Min has been living
in Vancouver ever since she came to Canada in 1978. COMPLEX
We have been friends
since we were nine years old.
We have been BFFs ever
since we were three years old.
BFF – best friends
forever
MODELS:
I came to Canada
since 2019. XXX
I came to Canada in
2019. SIMPLE
I have lived in
Canada since 2019. SIMPLE
I have been in
Canada for two years. SIMPLE
I lived in Canada
since 2019. Not the best verb choice.
I have lived in
Canada since 2019.
I have lived in
Canada since April, 2019.
I have lived in
Canada since April 24th, 2019.
while-
He sings while he is
driving. COMPLEX
He sings while
driving. SIMPLE
The music is
beautiful while sad. sounds like grammar book
The music is
beautiful but sad. sounds more authentic SIMPLE
The music is beautiful,
but it is sad. COMPOUND
whenever -every time
Whenever her dog
is left alone, he tips over the garbage and makes a mess.
Her dog tips over
the garbage and makes a mess whenever he is left alone.
Emiko feels homesick
whenever she looks at her photo album of family pictures.
Whenever Emiko looks
at her photo album of family pictures, she feels homesick.
WILL CONTINUE
TOMORROW
Source of confusion-
difference between compound and complex sentences, specifically transitional
terms and adverbial conjunctions (adverb clause words)
*
Compound sentence – transitional term
It
snowed last night; therefore, the roads were slick this morning.
*
Complex sentence – adverbial conjunction (adverb clause words)
The
roads were slick this morning because it snowed last night.
These are two
different kinds of sentences. They may look similar, but they are not.
Compound sentences –
“Transitional Terms” words, terms
You have to be
learning those on your own. If you do not learn them, your writing will remain
at the level it is now.
To be clear: You can
learn these, but you have to learn these. You have had them for over a week.
Have you been studying them?
If yes, good for
you. You are doing the work that you have to do in order to improve your
writing.
If no, then that is
your decision. You can decide to start doing the work at any time- today or
next week or five years from now. Up to you.
Very simple advice
to you and to me:
If
you want to learn piano, play piano a little bit every day. In a year, you’ll
be good.
If
you want to learn piano to write sentence styles in English, play
piano
practice the sentence styles a little bit every day. In a year, you’ll be good.
When your English is
getting better, you will feel great! However, you have to do the work.
If you learn these, you will be able to express 99.9% of
your ideas.
* before- Call me before you leave. complex- adverb clause
Call me before
8pm. simple
* since- Maria has lived in Canada since 1990. simple
Maria has lived in Canada since she
moved from Indonesia in 1990. complex- adverb clause
Can you see the difference?
* until – We will wait until you get home.
* when/while when-
time while-two things happening at the
same
time
Sarah was washing the dishes when the phone rang. one moment
in
time
Sarah was washing the dishes while Joe was watching TV.
My daughter was reading while I was playing guitar.
simple present
I get up early while you get up late.
TRUE FACT: It is difficult to differentiate between these
right now. That will come with practice.
*if
Sarah will go to the party if she is free.
We will go to the park if it is sunny.
*even if
Sarah will not go to the party even if she is free.
We will go to the park even if it is not sunny.
I will buy a new phone if I can afford it. Will I buy a new
phone? YES/NO
I will not buy a new phone even if I can afford it. Will I
buy a new phone? NO
These are very powerful terms that you can use to express
your thoughts. Often, I tell students that should become familiar with
authentic, real English. This is real English that we use all day, every day.
* even though – the situation is true, not conditional
* even if – maybe YES, maybe NO, conditional
Sheila will not go to the party even though she was
invited. Was she invited? YES
Sheila will not go to the party even if she is
invited. Was she invited? Uncertain.
I go kayaking even if it is raining.
*provided that – ‘if’ for important things
Let’s grab some coffee if you’re free. – not
important
You can change your career provided that you have
made a good plan.
- important
You can go to UBC if/provided that you have the
prereqs. (prerequisite courses)
provided that – makes it sound important
You can choose when to use it.
going to the beach?
getting married?
immigrating to a new country?
getting some ice cream?
We can continue to be friends provided that you recipicate
the support I give you.
grab some coffee- (casual) have some coffee
*unless – changes the situation, opposite of ‘if’ ‘provided
that’
Let’s grab some coffee if you’re free.
Let’s grab some coffee unless you’re busy.
Let’s take a raincheck on coffee if you are busy. (idiom)
take a raincheck – we will do it later, postpone
Let’s go for a hike this Saturday.
Oh, I can’t. Can I take a raincheck?
Do you want to go for a walk today?
I have a doctor’s appointment. Can I take a raincheck?
Doctor’s assistant: Can you come next Wednesday at 3?
You: I have to take a raincheck. I’m busy. I’m
already booked. How about Thursday at 2?
*since / ever since
since – time
ever since – long time
Maria has lived in Canada since 2018. SIMPLE SENTENCE
Maria has lived in Canada ever since 1978. long time
SIMPLE SENTENCE
Maria has lived in Canada since she moved from Japan in
2018. COMPLEX SENTENCE adverb clause
Maria has lived in Canada ever since she moved
from Japan in 1978. long time
If something feels like a long time, use ‘ever since’.
We have been in class since 8:30. doesn’t feel like a long
time
We have been waiting for the bus ever since 8:30. feels like
a long time
* though (a bit more casual), although, even though – same meaning
Dave is playing with his kids even though he has a lot of
work to do.
I like the weather even though/ although/ though it is very
hot.
TWO DIFFERENT WAYS
I like the weather although it is very hot.
Although it is very hot, I like the weather.
* so ... that
so ADJ that
Jun is so tall that she has trouble buying pants.
Yesterday was so hot that Mike sat inside of his refreigerator.
The kitten is so small that you can hold it on the palm
of your hand.
SAME MEANING- DIFFERENT STYLE
Because Jun is so tall, she has trouble buying pants.
‘, so’ and ‘so ... that’
are not the same thing.
,so COMPOUND
so... that COMPLEX
These terms and words can change the way you express
yourself in English. They can really help you express your thoughts and ideas
clearly. They are very powerful tools, and you should learn to use them.
NOTE: ‘simple’ – several uses
Used for simple sentences. Used for simple verb tenses
-confusing
cause- because, since
because – easiest one
The little girl is tired because she was running around
the park all day.
The little girl is
tired since she was running around the park all day.
since – two meaning – time, cause
due to + noun
The little girl is tired due to her running around the park
all day. awk
The school is closed today due to snow. due to + noun
The school is closed today because of snow. simple
The school is closed today due to snow. simple
We can see the many many variations that we can write.
For this class, I will stick mostly to the basic SIMPLE,
COMPOUND, and COMPLEX.
TRUE FACT: It is difficult to differentiate between these
right now. That will come with practice.
These are very powerful terms that you can use to express
your thoughts. Often, I tell students that should become familiar with
authentic, real English. This is real English that we use all day, every day.
These terms and words can change the way you express
yourself in English. They can really help you express your thoughts and ideas
clearly. They are very powerful tools, and you should learn to use them.
We can see the many many variations that we can write.
For this class, I will stick mostly to the basic SIMPLE,
COMPOUND, and COMPLEX.
Focus on these most useful ones for the quiz tomorrow:
after/before
since
until
when/while
if
even if
unless
though/although/even though
so ... that
because
I will stay on Zoom if anyone wants to practice.
Let’s get some practice sentences in chat:
1.
If you will go shopping, remember to buy
me a bag of rice
2.
I like to shop while my dad is busy.
while SV (adv cl)
during the NOUN
I like to go for a walk during an electrical
storm. SIMPLE
I fell asleep during the movie. SIMPLE
I feel asleep while the movie was playing.
COMPLEX
3.
Wear your mask until the restrictions are
lifted.
4.
Sharon will prepare dinner for tonight because
her friends are coming over.
5.
I'm not going to eat that sandwich until you get
a coffee.
6.
Because Sharon’s friends are coming over, she
will be preparing dinner for tonight.
7.
I would make a cup of coffee before my English
lesson started.
8.
Even if you take a taxi, you will miss your
train.
You will miss your train even if you take a
taxi.
9.
Shall we have a ramen after swimming? SIMPLE
Shall we have a ramen after SV swimming?
COMPLEX- adv cl
Shall we have a ramen after we go swimming?
COMPLEX- adv cl
10.
You have to clean up the dishes after you eat.
After you eat, you have to clean up the
dishes.
In 2018, my family and I came to Canada for
good. SIMPLE
12. We
have to wash our hands before we cook.
COMPLEX-adv cl
Yesterday was so hot that we dunked our
heads in the water. COMPLEX
Yesterday was very hot, so we dunked out heads.
COMPOUND
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