Eng10 adjective clauses

SIMPLE

COMPOUND

COMPLEX
adverb clauses
adjective clauses
noun clauses


adjective clauses

adjectives- modify nouns
colour, size, shape, age, opinion, origin


Order of Adjectives

Opinion	Size	Age	Shape	Colour	Origin	Material	Purpose

opinion - beautiful, ugly, boring, exciting
size- huge, immense, tiny, short, giant
age - three-year-old, young, ancient, senior
shape- round, octagonal, oblong, oval, rectangular
colour- robin's egg blue, aquamarine, violet, titian, ivory, ebony, peaches and cream
origin - Canadian, Burmese, Vietnamese, Vancouverite, New Yorker, Bostonian, Texan, Haligonian
material - wooden, aluminum, steel, copper, porcelain, concrete, cotton, plastic, silk, leather
purpose- school, work, soccer

Opinion	Size	Age	Shape	Colour	Origin	Material	Purpose

a nice blue soccer jersey
a tiny blue Japanese teacup
a brand-new brown puppy
a cute, adorable baby
an adorable, cute baby
a round Chinese jade necklace
a round jade Chinese necklace XXX

a three-year-old car

adjective before noun
The round jade necklace is beautiful.
necklace round

a necklace that is made out of Chinese jade


The round jade necklace is beautiful. SIMPLE
My sister gave it to me. SIMPLE

The round jade necklace is beautiful, and my sister gave it to me. COMPOUND

The round jade necklace that my sister gave to me is beautiful. COMPLEX - adjective clause

who - people
that - people and things, animals
which - things that are not alive, unique things (only one)

The woman who lives next door is very nice.
The woman who I was talking to is my neighbour.

The dog that lived next door barks a lot.
The flowers that grow in Van Dusen are very beautiful.

which - unique (only one)
Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a huge city.
The small town that is my hometown is called Sydney.
The pencil that is on the table is mine.
My cellphone that/which is on the table is ringing.
The Eiffel Tower which/that is in Paris is made of iron.
Joan's house which is on Fraser Street is for sale. - sounds like she has one house
Joan's house that is on Fraser Street is for sale. 
- sounds like she has a few houses

MOST IMPORTANT PRONOUNS
who that which


whose - possession, own something
The boy whose dog ran away is worried.
The student whose brother went to the Olympics is very proud of him.
The kid whose Xbox broke wants to get it fixed.
Who's that? - who is

whom - who/whom?
whom Forget it!
very formal, unusual

To whom it may concern,


The woman who lives next door is very nice.
who - subject pronoun

The woman who I was talking to is nice.
who - object pronoun

Choices for an object pronoun:
The woman I was talking to is nice. AUTHENTIC
The woman that I was talking to is nice.
The woman who I was talking to is nice.
The woman whom I was speaking to is nice. FANCY
The woman to whom I was speaking is nice. SUPERFANCY, SOPHISTICATED, TOO FORMAL, Queen Elizabeth II