EF4/5 Adverb clauses

SIMPLE

COMPOUND ,SOBA ;vvvvv,

COMPLEX
adverb clauses
adjective clauses
noun clauses

adverb clauses

because - reason why
when - time
if - condition yes/no

She is late because the bus was late.
He is happy because he won the lottery last night.

Because the bus was late, she is late.
Because he won the lottery last night, he is happy.

I am cold because I forgot my sweater.
I am cold, because I forgot my sweater. XXX

Commas are very personal. Some writers use a lot of commas; some use much fewer commas.

when
I do my homework when I get home.
When I get home, I do my homework.

if
We will go to the park if it's sunny.
If it's sunny, we will go to the park.

when/while - time

Joe made supper when Mary got home.
Joe made supper while Mary was watching TV.
Joe was making supper while Mary was watching TV.
Joe was making supper when Mary got home.

He is always happy when he plays with his kids.

He is always happy while he is playing with his kids.

Verb tense in English can be very challenging.

I was fell down when I walked down the stairs.

fall fell
feel felt

Question: When will you come home?
Answer: I'll be home at 6.
I will make supper when you come home.


after/before
The kids do their homework after dinner. prepositional phrase

The kids do their homework after they have dinner. adverb clauses

You must finish your homework before you can play video games.

until -waiting for a time
I will wait until you finish your work.
I will wait until the building is finished.
I will wait until the bus comes.
She waited six years until he asked her to marry him.

whenever - every time, anytime
Whenever it rains, her joints hurt.
We go to Hawaii whenever we go on vacation.