WI567 Class 6

 

Weather warning for Vancouver tonight and tomorrow

 

Today’s Agenda

·      Attendance

·      Verbs with gerunds and infinitives

·      Begin compound sentences

·      Continue overview of verb tenses

 

Wednesday

·      Subject verb agreement with ‘anyone, anyone, noone everyone’ etc.

·      Continue compound sentences

·      Begin paragraphs

Test#1 tomorrow

 

Thursday

·      Continue compound sentences

·      Continue paragraphs

·      Test#1- Write a paragraph of at least 150 words (6-10 sentences) on the following topic.

Everyday topic

 

 

 

 

Verbs with infinitive and gerunds:

 

like, love, hate, can’t stand, begin, start, continue, prefer

 

don’t like/dislike) - can’t stand – hate

 

infinitive- type of verb, verb form “to go” “to eat” “to walk” “to wait”

 

gerund – type of noun, looks like a verb ”going” “eating” “walking” “waiting”

 

like + infinitive OR gerund

like to ski

OR

like skiing

 

Marie likes to ski.

OR

Marie likes skiing.

-same meaning, no difference, your choice

 

I like exercise. exercise(n,v)

I like exercising. gerund

I like to exercise. infinitive

 

I like swim. swim(v)

I like swimming. gerund

I like to swim. infinitive

 

 

 

 

 

 

OPTIONS

I like cooking.

I like to cook.

She likes reading.

She likes to read. infinitive

She likes to reading. XXX COMMON ERROR

 

Mei likes to ride her bike.

Jun likes riding her bike.

 

We like swimming at Killarney Pool.

We like to swim at Killarney Pool.

I like to walk in the park.

She likes to dance. She likes dancing.

 

I like playing basketball.

I like to play basketball.

 

I like working out at the gym.

I like to work out at the gym.

 

 

like, love, hate, can’t stand, begin, start, continue

I love my sister.

I love to visit my sister.

 

I love to eating delicious food. XXX

FIX

I love eating delicious food.

I love to eat delicious food.

 

I love eating.

I love to eat.

She loves to dance. He loves skiing.

They love hiking.

She doesn’t love swimming. It’s not her favourite.

 

AUTHENTIC ENGLISH

How was the movie?

I didn’t love it.

 

CHOICES:

I like to drink chai tea.

I like drinking chai tea.

I like chai tea.

 

 

She loves listening to music on the weekends.

They loved to argue when they were little kids.

We love studying English.

She loves watching a movie/movies at Brentwood Mall.

 

I can’t stand to cook/cooking.

can’t stand- cannot tolerate, really bother you

I can’t stand seeing a child crying.

She can’t stand being in a crowd.

I can’t stand trying to get an appointment.

He can’t stand waiting for his wife friend.

Mei can’t stand talking to her sister-in-law. She bugs her.

I can’t stand watching French movies. They are boring.

I can’t stand people cutting in line.

He can’t stand people slurping their food.

She can’t stand her husband sipping his tea loudly.

In Japan, people don’t mind people slurping their noodles.

Vietnamese- pho

banh mi- Vietnamese sandwiches

 

 

I love travelling. I love to travel to new places.

 

begin began begun

We began a new semester last week.

We began to learn a new lesson today.

We began learning a new lesson today.

Mei will begin to study the Bible next month.

Mei will begin studying the Bible next month.

Jun will begin to do yoga next week.

Jun will begin doing yoga next week.

 

start

We started a new semester last week.

We started to learn a new lesson today.

We started learning a new lesson today.

Mei will start to study the Bible next month.

Mei will start studying the Bible next month.

Jun will start to do yoga next week.

Jun will start doing yoga next week.

 

I will start to find a job.

I am beginning to have a new life here.

I am beginning having a new life here. XXX

 

I began to have a new life here.

I began having a new life here.

 

I began to lose weight from last month.

I began losing weight from last month.

 

I will start to look for a new car.

I will start looking for a new car.

 

VERB TENSES

She starts her days at 7am.

She is starting her new job today.

She started her new job last week.

She will start her job next month.

 

 

*continue- go on, keep going, IDIOM stay on track

She will continue to do Pilates in the future when she has time.

She will continue doing Pilates in the future when she has time.

She continued to do Pilates after she moved to Canada.

Jun studies English in Japan. She continued studying English when she came to Vancouver.

Kokob continues to play basbetball even though he is very busy.

 

I will continue studying English.

Mei will continue to help her mother with housework.

Mei will continue helping her mother with housework.

 

*prefer -like one thing moe than another thing

He prefers tea over coffee.

He prefers to have/drink tea rather than coffee.

He prefers having tea rather than coffee.

He prefers to have tea instead of coffee.

 

I prefer driving to school instead of taking the bus.

Jun prefers to talk out loud rather than to stay quiet in class.

Jun prefers talking out loud rather than staying quiet in class. She understands that learning a language is an active process.

 

You can lead a horse to water, but you can’t make it drink.

 

 

 

COMPOUND SENTENCES

 

Sentence styles:

SIMPLE

COMPOUND

COMPLEX

COMPOUND-COMPLEX

 

*SIMPLE    SV   SSV   SVV   SSVV   Imperative (command)   Interrogative (question)

 

SIMPLE SENTENCES

It is overcast today. We will go for a walk on the beach. 2 SIMPLE SENTENCES

 

VOCAB overcast(adj)- cloudy

 

*COMPOUND – two simple sentences, join then together into one

 

It is sunny today. JOIN We will go for a walk on the beach.

 

How do you join them together?

 

MOST TEACHERS TEACH FANBOYS. I DO NOT.

 

FANBOYS – 7 coordinating conjunctions used for compound sentences

FANBOYS – for and nor but or yet so

FANBOYS  for and nor but or yet so   mnemonic, memory device

 

TRUTH   , FANBOYS not realistic, not that useful, not authentic English

 

In compound sentences: for nor yet rarely used in compound sentences by English speakers

They are taught in grammar books but are not often used by native English speakers.

 

Examples of for, not, and yet.

 

-for  

Maria is going to carry her umbrella, for it is going to rain today.

VERY UNUSUAL, sounds like a grammar book, doesn’t sound like a real English speaker

MORE LIKELY: Maria is going to carry her umbrella because it is going to rain. COMPLEX SENT, ADVERB CLAUSE- will learn next week

because/since/as

 

-nor   Joan does not like dogs, nor does she like cats.  VERY UNUSUAL, NOT AUTHENTIC ENGLISH, like a grammar book

MORE LIKELY: Joan does not like dogs or cats. SIMPLE

 

You probably studied ‘neither...nor’. We don’t talk like that.

“either … or” – occasionally , not often

 

You spent a lot of time learnig useless things like ‘whom’.

 

You can either get a new video game or a new pair of sneakers for your birthday.

 

-yet   It is cloudy today, yet it is still warm. NOT AUTHENTIC, SOUNDS WEIRDLY FORMAL

MORE LIKELY: It is overcast today, but it is still warm. AUTHENTIC

 

VOCAB authentic – real, natural-sounding

 

We use ‘yet’ in simple sentences.

Are you finished yet? Have you had your supper yet?

I didn’t do it yet.

NOT COMPOUND SENTENCES, THEY ARE SIMPLE SENTENCES

 

SV , yet SV. XXX

 

 

MY ADVICE: Forget about ‘for’, ‘nor’, and ‘yet’ for compound sentences.

 

FANBOYS

SOBA

Forget about FANBOYS. Use SOBA. so or but and    New mnemonic

***These are the ones we use authentically: so or but and ***

 

soba noodles- Japanese buckwheat noodles

 

**When you think about compound sentences, think about a delicious plate of yakisoba.**

 

Let’s focus on SOBA.

 

REPEAT: Some teachers teach , FANBOYS. for and nor but or yet so

for nor yet Not commonly used

Why learn them if we don’t use them?

 

Focus on the four coordinating conjunctions that we use all the time:

, SOBA   , so   , or   , but   , and

 

 

EXAMPLE OF A COMPOUND SENTENCES WITH SOBA:

It is overcast today. We will go for a walk on the beach.

 

-Join them together using SOBA

 

It is overcast today, SOBA we will go for a walk on the beach.

LOGICAL CHOICE

It is overcast today, but we will go for a walk on the beach.

‘but- shows difference

 

‘because’ COMPLEX SENTENCE- ADVERB CLAUSES

 

It is overcast today, so we will go for a walk on the beach. Strange meaning-  maybe you don’t like the sun

Freckles are cute.

Melasma are dark spots on your face. It comes from sun exposure.

 

It is overcast today, or we will go for a walk on the beach. XXX

NOT A GOOD OPTION- NO CLEAR MEANING, NO CHOICE

We will go shopping today, or we will go for a walk on the beach.

 

It is overcast today, and we will go for a walk on the beach.

FINE- NEUTRAL MEANING, ADDING INFORMATION

 

In these choices of SOBA, we can convey a range of meanings.

There are different meanings behind so, or, but, and.

 

It is overcast today, SOBA we will go for a walk on the beach.

 

It is overcast today, but we will go for a walk on the beach.

still- adverb

It is overcast today, but we will still go for a walk on the beach.

It is overcast today, but still we will go for a walk on the beach.

It is overcast today, but we still will go for a walk on the beach.

 

Choose one place: English is challenging, but still I still want to still keep learning it.

Still, she still lives at her old houses still.

 

**Adverbs can usually be placed in different spots.

 

It is overcast today, and we will go for a walk on the beach.

‘but’ seems to be the best choice

 

 

Exercises

Please write your sentences on your own paper.