EF2/3 Adverb clauses

1. because father
My father was late for work because there was a traffic jam.
I love my father because he supports me.
I love my father because he is supportive of me.
I can’t visit my father because he lives in another country.
SV SV.

Because my father lives in another country, I can’t visit him.

2. if teacher
If the teacher is not here, we won’t have a test.
If I don’t speak English, my teacher will remind me.
If the teacher has a meeting on Tuesday, we don’t need to go to school.
I will go to school if my teacher is coming.
What will you teach me if you are my teacher?

3. when home
When she gets home, her children are happy.
He was leaving when she came home.
My dad was talking with my mom when I got home.

4. while telephone
The telephone was ringing while I was having supper. UNUSUAL MEANING
Why was she talking on the phone while she was watching TV?
She was talking on the phone while she was watching TV.
Don’t drive while you are talking on the phone.

5. since music
Since I was young/ a child/ eleven years old, I listen to this music.

present perfect have listened

Since I was young/ a child/ eleven years old, I have listened to this music.
I have liked rap music since I was in high school.
She has been crying since the music died away.

I listen to music since I walk home. because

since = time, reason

I practice playing music every day since I am in a band.
Since she wants to learn violin, she likes to listen to Classical music.

6. until sound
until = time, waiting

I wait until the bus comes.

I turn down the sound of my music until I finish my homework.
I don’t want to hear a sound until I finish my work.

I don’t want to hear a sound until you finish your chores.

chores = housework

We are still waiting until you come.
We will wait until the car is ready.
We will wait until the sound dies down.
He checks his car engine until the sound completely disappears.
The dog made sad sounds until his owner came home.


MOST IMPORTANT / HIGH FREQUENCY = because if when

She makes loud sounds until her father got home.