EF5/6 May 14

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See you at 1:30!

Al

Good afternoon. We will get started at 1:30.

Today’s agenda:

1. Modals

2. Quiz#3 adverb clauses

3. Homework: Read “RosesSingonNewSnowmodule” I emailed 

this to you earlier today. You should have it in your email. If you didn’t get it, let me know.

Today’s picture is from Torngat National Park, Labrador.

Remember: No school tomorrow or Monday. See you Tuesday.

Modals – modal auxiliaries

auxiliary – extra    TV, car AUX – a plac to plug something extra like a phone or a DVD player

Modals – helping verbs

can - ability

could - possibility

may - possibility

might - possibility

must -obligation

should – advice

will – future

can

Maria can speak French.

can + infinitive – ‘to’

can + to speak

can speak

Maria can speak English.

Maria can to speak English. XXX

Maria can spoke English. XXX

Maria can speaking English.  XXX

Maria can speak English.

might

Sarah might come to your party.

might + to come

might come

I might come to your party.

They might come to your party. The modal and verb do not change.

The dog might bark when the letter carrier comes into the yard.

must – necessity, obligation

We must exercise if we want to be healthy.

We must to exercise if we want to be healthy. XXX

will -future

I will call my sister tonight.

Let’s try some on out own. Write some sentences using modals into the Chat box. We’ll share them together.

1. It might be rainy tonight.

2. We will have a quiz later.

3. I might wash the dishes later. 

4. May I help you?

5. We will go to Cultus Lake on Sunday.

6. I can cook.

7. Jake will go to school in September.

8. We must not be late.

9. Maria can play the piano very well.

10. You must buy milk today.

11. May I ask to borrow your car for a couple of days?

12. It might rain tomorrow.

13. May I contact you later?

14. I can not go to school. 

15. You should follow the health officer’s advice on COVID-19.

16. May I help you?

17. I will have enough time to rest because the teacher gives us a four-day weekend.

18. I will do the laundry tomorrow.

19. I will go to Richmond.

20. Julia must study hard to secure the first position? in college.

21. She must clean her messy house because her mother is coming over.

22. You must lose your some weight if you want to wear this nice dress.

23. The stores might reopen when they get a notice from the government.

24. How could he blame me?

25. We must get together soon for a quiz.

26. We might face some trouble after going back to our normal lives.

27. I can take care of my mom.

28. You should eat more vegetables because they are good for your health.

29. We must stay home and have a class online until the pandemic is over.

**one-word modals

can

could 

may 

might 

must 

should 

will 

would

**two-word modals

had better - should

have to - must

ought to - should

used to – something you did habitually in the past

had better – same as should, a bit stronger    advice, suggestion

You had better put on sunscreen before you go out.

You should put on sunscreen before you go out.

have to -strong but polite

You have to lock the door when you leave the house.

You have to turn off the stove when you finish cooking.

ought to- should, advice, polite

You are coughing a lot; you ought to go see the doctor.

used to

Sarah used to do taekwondo in Iran, but now she is too busy.

Dave used to live in England.

Dave used to lived in England. XXX

Dave used to living in England. XXX

I’d like some ice cream. I would like some ice cream.

I had 

** Three-word modals

be able to - can

be going to - will

be supposed to - should

have got to – must, very strong

Michelle is able to ride a bicycle with no hands.

Sarah is going to give her dog a haircut later.

I was supposed to call my mother, but I forgot.

You have got to renew your driver’s license before it expires.

We will continue with modals on Tuesday.

EF3/4 May 14

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See you at 11!

Al

Good morning. We will get started at 11:00.

Today’s agenda:

1. Modals

2. Quiz #3 adverb clauses

3. Homework I emailed you an article about Malala Yousafzai 

to read for Tuesday. Check your email for that. If you didn’t get it, let me know.

Remember: No school on tomorrow and Monday. See you Tuesday.

Modals – kind of helping verb.

 modal auxiliaries – auxiliary -extra

AUX – TV, car , a spot to connect your phone, DVD player

Modals – modal auxiliaries

can - ability

could - possibility

may - ask permission, maybe

might - possibility

must – obligation, have to, responsibility, necessary

should – advice

would - 

will – future

can + speak 

Cheryl can+speak English very well.

can + to speak – infinitive to speak, to eat, to go, to walk

Cheryl can to speak English. XXX

Cheryl can speak English.

Cheryl can’t eat seafood. She is allergic.

Cheryl can go to the party.

Cheryl can walk the dog tonight.

Cheryl can walk around the park with her mother tonight.

might + to verb

Joanne might go to the school.

Joanne might visit her sister in Japan next year.

Joanne might visited her sister in Japan next year. XXX

Joanne might have visited her sister last year.  suggests past tense

We should exercise at least 20 minutes each day.

should exercise should+ to exercise

We should go to the party.

We should do exercise daily.

I should really study English grammar a bit more.

We should go to the park.

We should have a quiz now.

must

You must help your mother.

I must to be on time at my work. XXX

I must be on time at my work.

You must close your eyes and sleep on the bed.

must = have to

You must help your mother.

You have to help your mother. A bit trickier.

We must wear a mask when we go outside.

You must study well if you want to succeed.

You must not smoke.

will – future

will + to go, to sleep, to try

I will go to theatre next week.

I will try to learn new things.

I will go to Vancouver Island tomorrow.

I will do my homework by tomorrow.

I will do a quiz later.

You try some sentences with modals on your own. Write them in the Chat box.

1. I will go to sleep in 10 minutes.

2. I will be able to run in/for 10 minutes.

3. I will call you later.

4. I will to working work on Saturday and Sunday. 

5. You might think I don't miss you.

6. I might go to Superstore this afternoon.

7. We should try new things all the time.

8. Mia can't eat the eggs because she is allergic.

9. She can play the piano extremely well.

10. I’ll go to school tomorrow.

11. I can read and  write short sentences.

12. I can’t believe that.

13. She must do her homework now because you have a quiz.

14. I will play with you tomorrow.

15. You must study hard.

16. It would be good to go on vacation. 

17. May I open the door?

18. She must finish her homework before she plays the game with her friend.

19. Can you meet me now?

20. We will finish the class at 12 pm.

21. I can buy the car.

22. I can’t talk anymore.

23. May I change your seat?

24. She must go to the doctor.

25. We must listen to his music.

26. I should learn English to be able to speak to all nationalities.

27. I will talk to you about my plans next time.

28. You have to listen to the voice inside you.

We will continue with modals on Tuesday

EF5/6 May 13

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Good afternoon,

Today’s agenda:

1.   Books

2.   Your sentences

3.   Continue with adverb clauses

4.   Homework – Tomorrow, we will have a quiz on adverb clauses.

 

We will get started at 1:30.

Today’s picture is of Niagara Falls, Ontario.

No school for you on Friday, May 15^th. It is a Professional Development Day.

Monday is also a holiday, Victoria Day.

 

 

Does anyone have any sentences that they would like to share?

 

1.   Even if it is raining, we won‘t postpone the meeting.

2.   If it rains heavily, we will postpone the date.

provided that – if, for very important things.

You can become a Canadian citizen if/provided that you meet the criteria.

 

3.   Unless something happens, he must go there. VAGUE

4.   I study hard as I’m a student. as=because

5.   I have to walk to the Canada Post because my car’s insurance had been cancelled.

I have to walk to the post office because my car insurance had been cancelled.

6.   When my husband works at home, I am nervous because I have to keep quiet.

7.   Because of you, I left my home.

8.   He decided to leave the band although he loves to sing.

9.   We have to stay home until the epidemic is over.

10.                     When I was working hard on my thesis, my mother brought me some chocolate cake.

11.                     If I try to overcome the hard circumstances, I will get what I want in my life.

12.                     John reviews his lesson so that he can get a good mark on the quiz.

 

Two styles: COMPOUND  COMPLEX

 

so that – adverb clause, complex sentence

,so - .SOBA , compound sentence

 

I want to get a good mark on my test, so I will study hard.

I will study hard so that I will get a good mark on my test.

 

Sarah is studying English so that she can get a better job.

Sarah wants to get a better job, so she is studying English.

 

Ashley is working hard so that she can have more money.

Ashley needs more money, so she is working two jobs.

 

** though, although, even though

I will go to the beach even though it is raining.

I will go to the beach though it is raining.

I will go to the beach although it is raining.

 

Even though it is raining, I will go to the beach.

 

She never took a taxi even though she could afford to.

 

so that -LIKE , so

so…that   so ADJ that

The class was so easy that I got 100% on every test.

The man is so tall that his head touches the clouds.

The phone is so expensive that I cannot afford it.

The dog is so tired that he is sleeping on the floor.

The dog is tired. He is sleeping on the floor. SIMPLE

 

The weather today is so hot that I need to take a bath every ten minutes.

 

COMMON PROBLEM: It is easy to confuse compound and complex sentences. Our challenge to get them clear and separate in our minds.

 

 

even if / if

A                                    B

Maria will talk to you if you apologize to her. B affects A

A                                          B

Maria will not talk to you even if you apologize to her. B does not affect A

 

The professor is teaching the class even if he is sick. XXX

The professor will teach the class even if he is sick.

The professor is teaching the class even though he is sick.

 

Try your best even if the task seems difficult.

I will not marry even if I am in love.

I will not get married even if I fall in love.

MY FREE ADVICE #4: Stay single.

MY FREE ADVICE #5: Don’t have kids.

 

than - comparison

Sarah can run faster than her brother (can). She is the faster runner.

Sarah can run faster than her brother. AUTHENTIC SOUNDING ENGLISH – real, natural-sounding

as … as

Sarah can run as fast as her brother can. Sarah and her brother run at the same speed.

 

Zoe is prettier than her sister.

Zoe is prettier than her sister (is).

 

Vancouver is more expensive than the city I come from.

my home city.

Houses in Vancouver are much more expensive than they are in Halifax.

 

housing, rent

 

 

unless

Mike will pass his math class if he works harder.

Mike will fail his math unless he works harder.

 

if/unless – opposite meanings

 

Let’s go for a walk if you are free.

Let’s go for a walk unless you are busy.

 

We can throw a party unless you don’t want to.   

We can buy the car unless you can’t afford it.

We are not dating unless we are in a relationship.

 

however – compound sentences

I want to go to Spanish Banks; however, it is raining.

However, it is raining.

It is raining, however.

 

 

SAME MEANING- DIFFERENT STYLE

Sarah speaks Chinese; however, she can’t write it.

Sarah speaks Chinese; she can’t write it, however.

 

 

 

somehow – in some way, I don’t know yet

I lost my phone somehow. I don’t know how.

I have no money; somehow I will survive.

The math class is very difficult; however, I believe that I will pass somehow.

EF3/4 May 13

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Good morning,

Today’s agenda:

1. Books

2. Your sentences

3. Continue with adverb clauses

4. Finish reading about “Ramadan”

5. Homework- Prepare for the quiz on adverb clauses

We will get started at 11:00.

Today’s picture is of Niagara Falls, Ontario.

No school for you on Friday, May 15th. It is a Professional Development Day.

Monday is also a holiday, Victoria Day.

Books for people who are learning English:

1. Classic novels, simplified

http://www.englishliteratureebooks.com/classicnovelsabridged.html

2. Novels for Young Adults, teenagers – easier to read, nice vocabulary, good stories

https://www.goodreads.com/genres/young-adult

3. Books for kids – most easy to read

https://www.goodreads.com/search?q=kids&qid=

My advice:

1. Search for a book you like.

2. Check if the library has it, VPL.ca. We’re very lucky in a country that has strong public library system.

3. Alternatively, you can purchase it.

We cannot return books to the library right now. We will have to wait until the library reopens.

I have two ebooks out from VPL. I am reading them on my phone.

Does anyone have any sentences that they want to talk about or look about together?

1. The music festival was canceled because we're in quarantine.

2. I am really grateful when I want to study something new. My family always supports me.

3. When I want to study something new, my family always supports me. I am really grateful about that.

4. We sold so many flowers because today was Mothers’ Day.

5. There are so many people because this is a festival day.

6. If we pray, we should be fasting.

7. When it is in the evening, we can see the sunset.

8. You must read books because that helps you to learn English.

9. If I have trouble in my life, I’m patient.

10. If the patient is in the waiting room. frag

If the patient is in the waiting room, please ask her to come in.

11. I love going to dancing festivals because I like to enjoy the dancing with my friends.

12. I went to the bookstore yesterday because I want to buy a story book.

13. If you have patience, I’ll tell you the reason.

14. Because I like to read books, I am learning new words.

15. Because I feel lonely, I go to the park every evening.

16. Because I’m locked down at home, I have time to read more books.

17. When you’re grateful, you wiIl receive more and more.

18. I would be very grateful when you bring me a note book.

19. If I am patient, I will resolve my problems efficiently.

20. If you need to do a blood test, you must fast.

21. My brother plays with a cat, when the cat makes a noise because she want to play with him.

My brother plays with a cat. The cat makes a noise because she wants to play with him.

The cat is a girl.

Tomorrow, we will do a quiz on adverb clauses.

Model quiz:

1. because cat

I like cats because they are cute.

2. when dog

3. if 

4. because

5. when  

6. if

Ten vocabulary words to review for the quiz tomorrow:

1. world

2. hours

3. generous

4. hungry

5. meal

6. special

7. previous

8. clothes

9. charity

10. celebrate

I will pick six of those words for the quiz.

EF 5/6 May 12

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Good afternoon.

We will get started at 1:30.

Today’s agenda:

1.   Reading books in important

2.   Working on improving your sentences

3.   Adverb clauses

4.   Homework

 

Today’s picture is Route de la Nouvelle-France, Quebec.

 

 

 

It is important to be reading books that are at an appropriate level for us.

Reading is extremely important for people who are learning a language. You could make reading a part of your daily routine.

Read about what you’re interested in:

non-fiction: history, science, autobiography, sports, music, fashion, cars, bicycles, cooking, decorating, travel

fiction: novels and short stories- romance, action, drama, comedy, children’s, young adult (teenager)

 

Where do find these titles?

The library is a great resource.

Vancouver Public Library vpl.ca

Use the search function on vpl.ca

Stick with it. If you don’t get a result right away, keep trying. Try other words.

Search Google for good books for ESL adults

e.g. https://www.goodreads.com/list/tag/esl

https://www.luc.edu/esl/resourcesforcurrentstudents/recommendedreadinglist/

 

You can find good books to read.

The best students I have are readers.

The people who learn English best are readers.

If you are a reader, you are helping yourself.

Start off with some easier books, or choose a magazine that is focused on a topic that you like.

 

We are getting ready for English 10.

 

From the blog this morning:

Today, we will spend time in class fixing up sentences that you wrote. Bring some sentences that you want to work on. These could be sentences from a quiz, paragraph, or anything else.

We will share and learn together.

 

1.   Sarah is late today because her son needed a drive to school.

Verb: "is"(present) and "needed"(pass)

Can we use different tenses in a sentence?

Yes, It’s totally fine to use different tenses in one sentence. You can mix verb tenses in a sentence, but make sure there is a reason for that.

e.g. I am happy now because my daughter baked some cookies

earlier today.

Sarah will buy a new blender because her blender broke last night.

 

Verb tenses – I will teach a lesson on verb tenses tomorrow. I will go over the twelve verb tenses, and narrow them down to the six or seven that are most important.

 

present perfect “You have lived in Vancouver for two years.”

present perfect continuous “You have been living in Vancouver for two years.”

“ing” makes it sounds more active, energetic, happening right now

 

We can try again tomorrow. This is an opportunity to get help from me on problems and questions you may have. Don’t be shy. If you don’t know it, probably a bunch of other students don’t know it either. Speak up, and we can learn together. We are here to learn.

 

 

Types of sentences:

Simple

Compound

Complex

- adverb clauses

- noun clauses

- adjective clauses

 

 

Adverb clause- 3 most commonly used words– because, when, if

** because – gives a reason

Shelly will stay home today because it is raining.

Shelly will stay home today because it is raining.

Main clause adverb clause (subordinate clause)

Shelly will stay home today because it is raining. no comma

 

Because it is raining, Shelly will stay home today. comma

Because it is raining, Shelly will stay home today.

adverb clause (subordinate clause), main clause

 

Because I don’t have money, I can’t go to the film.

I can’t go to the film because I don’t have money.

 

I am happy because it is Spring.

Because it is Spring, I am happy. SAME MEANING

 

I don’t like winter because it is so cold.

I like chocolate because it is delicious.

Because I am hungry, I make a meal.

I make a meal because I am hungry.

I'm running in the morning because I want to lose weight.

 

**when – gives a time

Main clause adverb clause (subordinate clause)

adverb clause (subordinate clause) main clause

 

When I have a class, I turn off my phone.

When I have a class, I turn off my phone.

I turn off my phone when I have a class.

 

I will have a coffee when I finish my work.

When I finish my work, I will have a coffee.

 

When I study English, I always write down what the teacher says.

What do you want to be when you grow up?

 

When I leave the house, I turn off the heater.

I turn off the heater when I leave the house.

 

 

**if – gives a condition, maybe yes, maybe no

 

I will be full of energy if I meditate.

If I meditate, I will be full of energy.

 

If I am tired. sentence fragment

If I am tired, I can’t concentrate.

If I am tired, I lose my concentration.

 

This fall I will go to Korea if Covid19 is gone.

If you don’t mind, can I take your book?

If I don't read, I can't pass.

 

If you are a bad teacher, we can’t learn anything.

We can’t learn anything If you are a bad teacher.

 

If you don't learn English, you will have some problems living in Vancouver.

 

If you don’t judge me, I’ll send more sentences.

 

If your English is not good, you have to pay attention in English class.

 

 

Other words used in adverb clauses:

 

after, before

The kids watched TV after supper. SIMPLE

The kids watched TV after S V COMPOUND – ADVERB CLAUSE

The kids watched TV after they had supper.

 

 

since

since – two meanings - reason, time

Sarah is staying indoors today since/because it is raining. reason

 

Sarah has lived in Canada since 2018. SIMPLE

Sarah has lived in Canada since S V 2018. COMPLEX

Sarah has lived in Canada since she moved here in 2018. COMPLEX

 

until – time, up to a certain time

Dave will wait until Sarah is finished. finished-adjective

I am finished. I am hungry. adjectives

main clause adverb clause (subordinate clause)

 

Easier example

Dave will wait until Sarah finishes.

Dave will wait until Sarah comes.

 

 

We will learn English in this class until the term ends in late June.

 

whenever – every time

My grandfather’s knee hurts whenever it rains.

Whenever the little girl feels scared, she hugs her puppy.

 

while – two things happening at the same time

While we are studying together, our children are playing video games.

Mary was reading a book while her husband was watching a movie. COMPLEX – ADVERB CL

Mary was reading a book; at the same time, her husband was watching a movie. COMPOUND

 

Matching verb tenses is good style. It sounds better.

 

as…as   as ADJECTIVE as

Sarah is as tall as her mother (is).

as tall as, as small as, as cold as, as hot as

You should come as soon as you can.

You should come as soon as possible. SIMPLE

Dave is as smart as a monkey.

Dave is as smart as a whip.  very smart

pun- smart has two meanings: 1. intelligent 2. hurts, painful

My wrist smarts. My wrist hurts.

 

similes:

I am as deaf as a post.

He is as blind as a bat.

Your kids are as good as gold. – well-behaved children

She is as thin as a dime.

 

My daughter is as smart as I am.

Mary is as hardworking as her mother (is).

For homework, try some sentences from your own imagination. We can try them together tomorrow.

 

 

We will do these tomorrow:

even if, provided that, unless, as , as if, as though, though, although, so that, so…that, than,

 

 

how come, however

EF3/4 May 12

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Good morning.

We will get started at 11.

Today’s agenda:

1. Reading books

2. Working on improving your sentences

3. Adverb clauses

4. “Ramadan”

5. Homework

Today's picture is from Route de la Nouvelle-France, Quebec. 

Reading books that are at an appropriate level for us.

Reading is extremely important for people who are a language. You could make reading a part of your daily routine.

Read about what you’re interested in:

non-fiction: history, science, autobiography, sports, music, fashion

fiction: novels and short stories- romance, action, drama, comedy

Where do find these titles?

The library is a great resource.

vpl.ca

Use the search function on vpl.ca 

Stick with it. If you don’t get a result right away, keep trying. Try other words.

Search Google for good books for ESL adults

e.g. https://www.goodreads.com/list/tag/esl

You can find good books to read.

The best students I have are readers.

The people who learn English best are readers.

If you are a reader, you are helping yourself.

We are getting ready for English 10.

From the blog this morning:

Today, we will spend time in class fixing up sentences that you wrote. Bring some sentences that you want to work on. These could be sentences from a quiz, paragraph, or anything else.

We will share and learn together.

We can try again tomorrow. This is your opportunity to get help from me on problems and questions you may have. Don’t be shy. We are here to learn.

Types of sentences:

Simple

Compound

Complex

- adverb clauses

- noun clauses

- adjective clauses

Adverb clause- 3 most commonly used words– because, when, if

** because – gives a reason

Shelly will stay home today because it is raining.

Shelly will stay home today because it is raining.

Main clause adverb clause (subordinate clause)

Shelly will stay home today because it is raining. no comma

Because it is raining, Shelly will stay home today. comma

Because it is raining, Shelly will stay home today.

adverb clause (subordinate clause), main clause 

Because I don’t have money, I can’t go to the film.

I can’t go to the film because I don’t have money.

I am happy because it is Spring.

Because it is Spring, I am happy. SAME MEANING

I don’t like winter because it is so cold.

I like chocolate because it is delicious.

Because I am hungry, I make a meal.

I make a meal because I am hungry.

I'm running in the morning because I want to lose weight.

**when – gives a time

Main clause adverb clause (subordinate clause)

adverb clause (subordinate clause) main clause

When I have a class, I turn off my phone.

When I have a class, I turn off my phone.

I turn off my phone when I have a class.

I will have a coffee when I finish my work.

When I finish my work, I will have a coffee.

When I study English, I always write down what the teacher says.

What do you want to be when you grow up?

When I leave the house, I turn off the heater.

I turn off the heater when I leave the house.

**if – gives a condition, maybe yes, maybe no

I will be full of energy if I meditate.

If I meditate, I will be full of energy. 

If I am tired. sentence fragment

If I am tired, I can’t concentrate.

If I am tired, I lose my concentration.

This fall I will go to Korea if Covid19 is gone.

If you don’t mind, can I take your book?

If I don't read, I can't pass.

If you are a bad teacher, we can’t learn anything.

We can’t learn anything If you are a bad teacher.

If you don't learn English, you will have some problems living in Vancouver.

If you don’t judge me, I’ll send more sentences.

If your English is not good, you have to pay attention in English class.

Practice for homework. Try these for class tomorrow. We can try them tomorrow together.

1. because festival

2. if fasting

3. when evening

4. because book

5. if patient

6. when grateful