Wednesday, 4 June 2025

P2 EF56 Class 28

 

Good afternoon, everyone.

 

Today’s Agenda

·      Quiz5-adv cl

·      Begin noun clauses

·      Continue opinion writing

Test paragraph Monday?

 

Thursday

·      Continue opinion writing

·      Continue noun clauses

 

Friday

·      “Self-Assessment Reflections” Week 7

·      Vocabulary exercises

 

Week 7

Quiz6 – noun clauses


Test- paragraph

 

Week 8

Quiz7- adjective clauses (final quiz)

Spoken presentations (over three days)

Essay

 

Week 9

Tuesday, June 24

·      Optional replacement test and/or quiz

Will explain more later.

 

Wednesday, June 25

Final day

·      Final marks and meetings

 

 


 

 

 

Sentence types:

SIMPLE

COMPOUND , SOBA    ; however,

COMPLEX

-adverb clauses

-noun clauses THIS WEEK

-adjective clauses NEXT WEEK

 

 

Review of sentence styles:

1.    Simple        SV   SSV   SVV   SSVV   Imperative   Interrogative

2.    Compound          SV, SOBA SV.   FANBOYS SOBA! More practical.

SV; SV.

SV; TRANS, SV.  

      3. Complex    -adverb clauses

-noun clauses- this week

-adjective clauses – next week

 

Those are all the sentence styles that you will need. There are derivations on these basic styles, but these three styles of sentences are the foundations for all writing.

These are the absolute basic skills that you must have down cold.

 

IDIOM have it down cold- you can do it automatically, without thinking

muscle memory- natural action

 

The only way to have them down cold is to practice- steady, everyday, consistent practice.

The hard work will pay off.

 

Every sentence has to be simple, compound, or complex.

 

Noun Clauses

 

Example:

You said that food trucks are expensive to start-up.

She said that the traffic was bad today.

He remembered that her birthday is soon.

 

He was born on a leap day.

Leap Day – February 29th, once every four years

 

Noun Clauses- next kind of clause

 

Noun clauses are part of complex sentences.

Noun clauses are used with verbs that have to do with the brain, thinking or cognition: e.g. think, feel, believe, know, understand, forget, remember, realize, get (understand-casual), see (understand-casual), decide, consider, worry, etc

 

VOCAB cognition(noun)- understanding

recognize- understand again

IDIOM It rings a bell. I kind-of remember.

IDIOM It’s on the tip of my tongue.

 

cogniitive(adj) The old man has some cognitive decline.

Alzheimer’s, dementia

 

IDIOM Sharp as a tack. healthy cognitive capacity

Her grandma is 98 and sharp as a tack.

 

IQ- intelligence quotient

newer term -EQ- emotion intelligence quotient

 

Also verbs about speaking: say, yell, whisper, shout, state, suggest, recommend

 

state(verb) statement(noun)

NOUN CLAUSES- thinking and saying

 

Noun clauses most often begin with these words: that, what, why, how

There are others as well: *if, whether

*’if’ can be used in adverb clauses and noun clauses. More on this later.

 

How can I make a noun clause?

Two lists of words:

A.   VERBS think, feel, believe, know, understand, forget, remember, realize, say, mention, yell, shout, whisper, etc.

B.    that, what, why, how… if, whether (lower frequency)

 

Choose an A word and put it with a B word.

Mix and match A+B to make noun clauses.

 

Examples of complex sentences with noun clauses:

Your example:

*think + that

I think that he is upset about his report card. main clause noun clause

Joanne thinks that her son is very tall for his age. noun clause

Jun thinks that it will rain today.

He thinks that it is too spicy.

It is too spicy.

She think that squirting alcohol all over the place will kills germs.

 

Jun doesn’t think that Marta is telling the truth.

I think that you forgot your key.

Shira doesn’t think that she should stay out too late tonight.

I don’t think that you should go to the party.

Mei’s sister thinks that Mei should get a Covid test.

I think that it is too cold to go hiking.

She thinks (that) he is wrong.

 

NOTE: ‘that’ use it or delete it

Mei’s sister thinks that Mei should get a Covid test.

Mei’s sister thinks Mei should get a Covid test.

I think that it is too cold to go hiking.

I think it is too cold to go hiking.

 

I/We/They/You think that it’s (not) reasonable/nice/expensive/warm/tasty.

 

I think that the girl is waiting for her boyfriend.

I think (that) that girl is waiting for her boyfriend.

OR I think that girl is waiting for her boyfriend.

 

EXAMPLES:

I think that the math is confusing/easy/hard/a piece of cake.

He thinks his wife’s sister is nuts a difficult person.

SLANG nuts- crazy

I think that we should reduce our carbon footprint.

I think we should reduce our carbon footprint.

 

CO2 carbon dioxide

CO carbon monoxide

 

PRO TIP: ‘that’ use it or delete it

She thinks that it will rain. OR She thinks it will rain.

SV that SV. Clearest style for noun clauses. My recommendation.

 

 

 

I think that I will get a high-paying job.

I feel/hope/believe/know that I will get a high-paying job.

I believe that it is reasonable to have/take a summer vacation.

She thinks that your excuse is not reasonable/believable.

He thinks that her story doesn’t make sense.

 

We feel that she is doing something sneaky.

 

DIFFERENT STYLE: I think that studying English will give me new opportunities. studying gerund

 

that studying English will give me new opportunities I think. XXX

Studying English will give me new opportunities, I think.

 

I think that I will trim my hair this weekend.

Do you think that this sentence is correct?

Do you think that your sister is coming to visit this summer?

 

OPTION – Omit ‘that’

Jun thinks that it will rain today.

Jun thinks that it will rain today.

Jun thinks it will rain today. AUTHENTIC, VERY NATURAL-SOUNDING

We think it will rain today.

 

Questions with noun clauses:

Do you think that she is at home?

COMMON ERROR

Do you think that is she at home? XXX

Is she at home? SIMPLE SENT- Interrogative

 

 

Mostly, you can mix and match the two lists of words:

A.   VERBS think, feel, believe, know, understand, forget, remember, realize, say, mention, yell, shout, whisper, etc.

B.    that, what, why, how… if, whether (lower frequency)

 

*believe + that

I believe that education is important.

She believes that practice makes perfect.

She believes practice makes perfect.

I believe (that) all of the class are working hard.

 

SAYING Practice makes perfect.

Practice makes permanent.

 

We believe that Alice is the best dancer.

He believes in God. SIMPLE

He believes that God is real. NOUN CLAUSE- COMPLEX SENT

 

religious person- the God

the Greek god of war

the Japanese god named

 

Your sister believes that you will be successful.

The parents believe that the students should work together.

My son believes that big trees have eyes.

My daughter believes that Santa Claus is real.

I believe that everything will be alright.

I believe (that) our community is becoming better and better.

He believes (that) his health is becoming stronger and stronger.

All people want to believe that scientists/science will beat cancer.

Younger me believed that the moon followed me.

The students believe that an earthquake will happen soon.

I believe that tomorrow will be better.

 

I believe that we should take a break.

 

*saw+that

He saw that the fence was half buried in snow.

 

IDIOM Good eye! You notice something. You are watching carefully.

Nat Bailey Stadium- 33rd and Ontario – watch a baseball game

Good swing!

Home run.

single, double, triple, home run

 

hockey- Skate! Shoot! Offside!

 

 

*believe + what

She can’t believe what happened.

I can’t believe what he said to his friend.

Do you believe what he did?

My sister believed what her boyfriend said.

My sister believes whatever her boyfriend says.

I believe whatever gossip she spreads. NOUN CLAUSES

I believe NOUN.

She says NOUN.

 

*realize + that

realize- suddenly know, understand all of a sudden

I realize that I gave you the wrong number.

Mei got to school and realized (that) she forgot her phone at home.

Sarah realized that she forgot her keys.

I realize (that) you don’t like math class, but you have to do your best.

I realize (that) I can’t eat too much ice cream.

**You can omit ‘that’ if you wish. It’s perfectly ok to leave it in. I will not teach it that way. I will keep it simple.

 

Junko realizes that she has to follow her parents’ advice.

The manager realized that HR made a big mistake.

I realized that he is a manipulative person.

 

‘just’ sounds immediate, quick

I just realized that I have an appointment.

I just realized that noun clauses are not diffiicult for me.

 

I realize that my tone was a little bit strong. I know that I lost my cool.

IDIOM lose your cool, flip out- get angry

 

She realized that she forgot to change the oil in her car.

She realized that she forgot to get gas.

She realized that she forgot to fill up her car.

 

the gas pump

She pumped up her bicycle tires.

I have to pump up my car tires.

 

inflate(v) – start from 0

She inflated her pool toys.

He has an inflated ego. He thinks he’s the best.

 

HOMEWORK: Try some of the exercises on the handout. We can share them in class.

Exercise 1

1.    I didn’t know how/that/what/why

I didn’t know how to explain the problem. SPECIAL No SV

I didn’t know that she got married.

I didn’t know that we had a quiz today.

I didn’t know that he got/was fired from his job.

I didn’t know what time it was.

I didn’t know what she was talking about.

I didn’t know what place the bus would stop.

I don’t know why this happened.

I didn’t know why she was talking like that.

I didn’t know why she was staring at me.

I didn’t know why the kid was crying.

I didn’t know why she married that guy.

I didn’t know why she was rude to me.

I don’t know why he always interrupts people when they are talking. He always cuts people off.

 

*marry with

She married him.

She got married to him.

They got married.

 

**CONTINUE TOMORROW

 

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