P1 EF5 Class 32

 

Good morning, everyone.

 

Today’s Agenda

·      Quiz6 – noun clauses

·      Talk about spoken presentation

Friday- I will do a check-in with you.

I am looking for evidence you have started to plan and write the project.

Worth 1 pt.

Write a draft- first version

Do a practice presentation. Time it.

 

·      Modals/modal auxiliaries

·      Next verb tense- present perfect

·      Continue opinion writing

 

Friday

·      Test3- paragraph, final paragraph?

·      Begin adjective clauses

·      Begin essay work

 

Week 8

Quiz7- adjective clauses (final quiz)

Spoken presentations (over three days)

Essay work

 

Week 9

Tuesday, June 24

·      Optional replacement test and/or quiz

Will explain more later.

 

Wednesday, June 25

Final day

·      Final marks and meetings

 

 

 

Modals/ Modal Auxiliaries

model

modal(adj) mode(n)

music modes-

photocopier/printer – modes

 

auxiliary- extra verb, helper verb

 

one-word modals

-can

-could

-may

-might

-must

-shall

-should- advice, suggestion,

recommendation

-will

-would

 

 

 

 

two-word modals

-have to

-need to- stronger than ‘have to’

-ought to- ‘should’

advice, suggestion, recommendation

-used to

 

three-word modals

-be able to

-be going to

-be supposed to

-have got to- strong ‘must’

CASUAL TALKING I got to go.

CONTRACTION I’ve got to go.

 

GRAMMAR

modal + infinitive – ‘to’

might + to go = might go      She might go home early today. not a tense

must + to try = must try        We must try to be patient.

                                                   You must try these wontons.

 

 

 

‘shall’

I shall ...  Forget it!

We shall go. NOT COMMONLY USED

polite invitation: Shall we go? Let’s go.

Shall we dance?

Shall We Dance Japanese movie

 

Richard Gere is a silver fox. He is handsome older man.

 

 

Verb structure for modals:

 

modal + infinitive – ‘to’

e.g.    will + to watch= will watch

Mei will watch her sister play violin in the orchestra tonight.

She used to drink coffee, but (now) she switched to yerba mate.

She used to drink coffee, but now she prefers yerba mate.

yerba mate- substitute for coffee, very healthy

 

He can speak Chinese, but he can’t write it.

She might go to the party, or she might not.

He used to be able to write Chinese characters, but he forgot most of them.

He was able to write Chinese characters, but he forgot most of them.

used to use to

 

COMPLICATED VERB She used to be able to speak Arabic, but she forgot a lot of it.

EASIER VERB She used to speak Arabic, but she forgot a lot of it.

 

Jun used to play badminton when she was a kid. She doesn’t play any more.

 

He didn’t used to like sushi, but now he can’t get enough of it.

IDIOM can’t get enough- really like it

 

I lived in Turkey. SIMPLE PAST V TENSE

I used to live in Turkey. MODAL- suggests the past

 

I was able to live in Turkey. I was not able to live in the US.

He was not able to enter the US.

She was not able to enter the US legally, so she snuck across the border.

 

 

 

Complete the sentences with appropriate modals. Write your sentences on your own paper:

1.    You must / need to / have to / should/ are supposed to_______ finish your homework before going out.

2.    It’s very cloudy; it will / might / may rain later.

3.    You should / ought to /need to / must bring an umbrella; it’s going to rain.

You’d better bring an umbrella. You had better bring an umbrella.

had better = should, ought to  GIVE STRONG ADVICE

 

4.    Could / Can / May I borrow your pen?   may- more polite

could – more casual talking

5.    She could / can sing beautifully.

could- suggests the past

can- suggests the present

She might sing beautifully. Meaning?

She might sing for us if we ask her nicely.

She will sing a song later.

6.    You might forget your keys.

You used to forget your keys.

You cannot / should not forget your keys.

should not = shouldn’t

You will forget your keys.

Set a reminder in your phone, or you will forget the doctor’s appointment.

He is a forgetful person.

7.    If I were you, I wouldn’t / would not  waste time.

GIVE ADVICE If I were you, I would …

If I were you, I would talk to the teacher.

8.    You must be joking! I don’t believe it!

You must be kidding! You can’t be serious!

Come on! You must be pulling my leg!

IDIOM pull someone’s leg- telling them a fun lie

9.    She must / has to / might be the one who took the book.

10.                       She might / must have taken it by mistake.

11.                       You should / have to / need to/ must / had better exercise regularly to stay fit.

STRONG SUGGESTION had better = strong ‘should’

 

WISDOM: You can’t make people do things.

IDIOM: You can lead a horse to water, but you can’t make it drink.

 

12.                       If I were rich, I would /could travel the world.

SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD- dreaming about a possibility, not reality

If he won the lottery, he would pay his mortgage. Then he would take a luxury trip around the world.

She would donate to some charities.

 

13.                       You should have studied harder; you could have done

much better in the exam.

She shouldn’t have immigrated to Canada.

 

bromance

14.                       Can / Could I help you with that?

15.                       Will / Can he join us tomorrow?

16.                       Players should / have to arrive 15 minutes before the game starts.

17.                       Spectators must / have to remain quiet during the performance.

18.                       Can / Will you go to Sarah’s party?

19.                       Could / Can / May I leave class early today?

could   can   may   - levels of formality

Can I have have some more juice, please?

 

20.                       You must / have to / should complete the project.

You will complete the project. VERY STRONG

 

Let’s try some on our own. Write some sentence with modals from your own imagination. Work together – it’s more fun.