EF5/6 Adverb clauses

Adverb clauses- very very useful

MOST USED- HIGH FREQUENCY
because
if
when

SV
because
"He is wearing a sweater because it is chilly today."
"Because it is chilly today, he is wearing a sweater."

Don't start a sentence with 'because'.

Because it is chilly today. NOT A COMPLETE SENTENCE

if - maybe yes, maybe no, conditional
"If you are tired, you should take a nap."
"You should take a nap if you are tired."

when - time
"I have supper when I get home."
"When I get home, I have supper ."

because if when


KME pp99-100 Adverb clause words

TIME
since / ever since
"She has lived in Vancouver since she moved here in 2016."
"She has lived in Vancouver ever since she moved here in 1975." SEEMS LIKE A LONG TIME
"I have been waiting for the bus ever since I sat down at 1:45."
"We have been married ever since 2010."

when / while
"The glass broke when it fell off the table."
"The glass broke while she was cooking supper."
while- during a period of time

"I don't like to play music while the kids are doing their homework. It's distracting."

after / before
She goes for a walk after supper.
She goes for a walk after  S V supper.
She goes for a walk after she eats supper.

wherever - any time
"She is a citizen of the world. She feels at home wherever she goes."

"Where's my book?" "Wherever you left it." SPEAKING

even if / if

"A She will come to your party B if you invite her."

B affects A

"A She will come to your party B even if you don't invite her."

B does not affect A

"You have to do your homework even if you don't want to."

 provided that = if VERY IMPORTANT THINGS
"I will come to your party if I don't have to work."
"I will get a new job in the bank provided that the interview goes well." if
"His father should recover from the heart attack provided that he exercises and eats healthier."

in order that = the purpose
"She is saving money in order that she can go on vacation in Hawaii."
"She is saving money in order that she can to go on vacation in Hawaii." MORE USUAL
"We are studying English in order to build a better life in Canada." 

if only - daydreaming about something
"If only I were young again, I would ..."
"I would be happy if only I had $1 000 000 000."
1 000 000 million
1 000 000 000 billion
1 000 thousand
10 000 ten thousand
100 000 hundred thousand

1
10
100
1000

as if - looks like but isn't
"She spends money as if she were a millionaire."
"The way she spends money, you would think she was rich."
"If I were young, I would ..."
SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD
"If I was young, I would ..." WRONG, SMALL MISTAKE

though / even though / although SAME MEANING

even though
"He is very good at piano even though he is only six years old."
"She is running in the park even though it is raining."
"She will run in the park even if it rains."

since = time, because
"I can't go to the movie since I have no money." REASON
"She has been very happy since she got divorced." TIME REASON

so ... that  "... ellipsis"

"I like dogs, cats, fish ......" NOT ENGLISH

... MISSING WORDS

"It is so cold that I got a fever."
so ADJECTIVE that
"The new iphone X is so expensive that I can't afford it."
"The girl is so smart that she wins all of the school awards."

so that
"She is studying hard so that she can go to UBC."
"She is studying hard, so she can go to UBC."
DIFFERENT STYLE- VERY SIMILAR MEANING

as ... as
"She is as tall as her mother."
"He can run as fast as the older kids."
"He can not run as fast as the older kids."
"EF 6 is not as hard as English 10."
"You can eat as much as you want."
"Take as much as you need."