Good morning, everyone.
Today’s agenda:
·
National Indigenous Peoples' Day
·
Presentation work
·
Optional Replacement test or quiz (last 55m of
class)
Thursday
·
Continue essay work
“The Bare Bones of the Five-Paragraph Essay”
“The Benefits of Cycling”
·
Animal Farm Chapter 9
·
Presentation work
IF TIME
·
Continue parallelism
·
Continue sentence combining
·
Remaining verb exercises – verb tenses,
phrasal verbs
Friday
·
Continue essay work
·
Animal Farm Chapter 10
·
Finish presentation work
IF TIME
·
Continue parallelism
·
Continue sentence combining
·
Remaining verb exercises – verb tenses,
phrasal verbs
Monday
·
Presentation day
·
Animal Farm Chapter 10
Tuesday
·
Final test AF Ch 7-10 – essay
I will not have much time to mark the essay in
detail- grammar
I’ll read it and give a mark.
Wednesday
·
Marks Day
·
Final class
·
Not an instructional day
We can meet one-on-one to discuss your final result.
First
Nations
Lecture notes for First Nations
·
Starting in May, 2021
·
Unmarked graves of First Nations children have
been found on the grounds of old Residential Schools, 315 kids? in Kamloops
·
more and more unmarked graves discovered
across Canada
·
1700 graves found so far
ground-penetrating
radar
·
probably hundreds and hundreds, thousands more
across Canada
·
Residential Schools- over 4000 kids died,
maybe 6000
·
Residential Schools all across Canada
https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/residential-schools-in-canada-interactive-map
·
Organized by the Canadian government, run by
the churches, paid for by the federal government
·
about 150 000 First Nations kids were forcibly
taken away from their families to Residential Schools from 1860s to 1990s.
Revelations- big ugly secrets-
·
Focus of BC new curriculum- First Nations
First Nations ways of knowing, culture,
history in Canada
e.g. First Peoples English 12
Very
interesting area of study – good choice - First Peoples 10, First Peoples
English 11, and First Peoples 12
We offer
these classes at South Hill – some students do both
·
My school experiences- none of the history,
social studies, was about First Nations
The focus was history class was on Europeans, settlers,
White men in Canada
male-centred, Euro-centred
·
lots of First Nations kids in my school,
segregated,
seemed normal
·
racism towards First Nations people “Indians”
dismissive, belittling, negative stereotypes
** Maybe tell these stories
·
policy at my university – have to finish your
degree in seven years
students/ professors –led initiative to change
it to 10 yrs
·
racism against First Nations – BCTF AGM story
700 teachers
“equity-seeking groups” wanted representation
Overview -
introduction
·
First Nations -Who they are?
·
Small groups
“What do you know about First Nations people
in Canada?”
Generate ideas on LCD
Three groups of people constitute Indigenous Peoples in
Canada, also called First
Peoples. Also called Aboriginal.
old word, outdated vocab Indian
1. First Nations
2. Inuit
3. Métis
First Nations came into common usage in the 1980s to replace the term ‘Indians’ Native
· Talk about origin of the word ‘Indian’ due to
geographical misunderstanding, West Indies
· First Nations- Indigenous people in the South
(below Arctic Circle). Half of all First Nations bands are in Ontario and BC.
· Inuit are the Indigenous people who live in the North.
Used to be called ‘Eskimo’- disparaging term from French Esquimaux, from
Montagnais ayas̆kimew ‘person who laces a snowshoe’. Montagnais, or Innu, are
the Indigenous inhabitants of an area they refer to as Nitassinan, which
comprises most of the northeastern portion of the present-day province of
Quebec and some eastern portions of Labrador.
Discredited etymology ‘raw fish eater’
Website: https://www.itk.ca/about-canadian-inuit/#nunangat
Show map: “Inuit Map”
· Metis - a person of mixed Indigenous and European ancestry
1600s and 1700s
- Fur trading European men came to hunt animals, like beavers
Fr- do not
pronounce the ‘s’ may-tee
In particular
one of a group of such people who in the 19th century constituted the so-called
Metis nation in the areas around the Red and Saskatchewan rivers. Metis comes
from the French word ‘métis’, which means ‘mixed’.
·
First Nations/ Inuit/ Metis
·
Where did these people come from?
·
First Nations creation myths/ stories
myth – legend, fiction, story, explains real
life
Greek Myth- e.g. Echo-magical creature- nymph,
Narcissus- narcissist
Every group has a creation story/myth
Bible- Garden of Eden, Adam and Eve
Koran- Quran - simlar story
Different
First Nations groups have different creation stories.
·
Read “The Beginning of the Haidi Gwaii World”
on LCD
·
Talk about Raven
- prominent role in the mythologies of the
Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast, including the Tsimishians,
Haidas, Heiltsuks, Tlingits, Kwakwaka'wakw, Coast Salish, Koyukons, and Inuit.
The raven in these indigenous peoples' mythology is the Creator of the world,
but it is also considered a trickster god.
-two different raven characters:
-the
creator raven, responsible for bringing the world into being and who is
sometimes considered to be the individual who brought light to the darkness
-the childish raven, always selfish, sly,
conniving, and hungry
The Beginning of the Haida Gwaii World
In the beginning, before the
creation of the world, the earth was completely covered by a vast ocean and the
sky was all grey clouds. The cloud kingdom was ruled by the great Sha-lana.
Sha-lana's Chief servant was Raven.
One day Raven enraged his master and was cast out into the ocean
world. He flew over the ocean for a long period of time until he became weary.
Unable to find a place to rest, Raven became angry. He began to beat his wings
upon the water until the water rose up and touched the clouds around him.
When the water receded back into the ocean there appeared rocks
upon which Raven rested. These rocks grew and stretched across the ocean. The
rocks turned into sand and after a short period of time trees began to grow on
the sand. After many moons the sand had turned into beautiful islands, which we
know today as the Haida Gwaii (Queen Charlotte Islands).
Raven enjoyed his kingdom, yet he became bored and lonely. He
decided he needed someone to help him. So one day he gathered two large piles
of clam shells upon the beach and transformed them into two human females.
These two women complained saying that they should not have both been created
as women. So to make them happy Raven threw limpet shells at one and turned her
into a man, creating the Haida Gwaii people."
Clark, E., Indian Legends of Canada, McClelland and
Stewart: Toronto, 1991.
https://royalbcmuseum.bc.ca/exhibits/bc-archives-time-machine/galler07/frames/oralhist.htm
·
Show pictures “Raven1” “Raven2” “Raven and the
First Men”
“Spirit of Haida Gwaii”, other pictures
jewelry
·
Different First nations have different
stories-
e.g.Micmac, Mi'kmaq, Glooscap
about 630
different nations in Canada- all different stories
·
Scientists- science-
anthropologists
-anthropology – study of ancient people
Museum of
Anthropology- UBC – focus on First Nations
-archeology-
study of ancient humans, ancient civilations
First
Nations – oral tradition, all spoken, no writing system, all storytelling
-transmitting
culture and survival skills- plants, herbs, hunting, fishing, travelling,
seasons,
