Wednesday, 1 April 2026

P1 EF7/10/11 Class 31

 

Writing work coming up: essay writing

 

April 1st- April Fools’ Day

fun day-

You can play a trick on somebody in the morning, until noon.

Tell a fib, tell a lie- trick somebody

April fools!

-a few hundred years old-  

old calendar Europe- Julian Calendar- until late 1500s- New Years Day – end of March

new calendar- Gregorian Calendar- modern calendar- New Years Day- January 1st

fun lie- fib

 

 

 

Today’s Agenda- April Fools Day

·      Attendance

·      Sentence combining work

·      Animal Farm Chapter 5

·      Crossword, Thought Questions

·      Quiz 2- short answer (final 30m)

 

Thursday, April 2

·      Sentence combining work

·      Animal Farm Chapter 6

·      Essay work

 

Friday, April 3

·      Statutory holiday

Good Friday

 

Monday, April 6

·      Statutory holiday

Easter Monday

 

Tuesday, April 7

·      Presentations 1

·      Animal Farm Chapter

·      Essay work

 

Wednesday, April 8

·      Presentations 2

·      Animal Farm Chapter

·      Essay work

 

Thursday, April 9

·      Presentations 3

·      Animal Farm Chapter

 

Friday, April 10

·      Presentations 4

·      Animal Farm

 

Final week- essay, movie

Monday, April 13

Tuesday, April 14

Wednesday, April 15

 

Thursday, April 16

·      Optional replacement quiz and/or test

 

Friday, April 17- final day

·      One-on-one meetings, final marks and comments

 

Quarter 4 begins on Thursday, April 23rd.

 

 

 

**

Sentence combining

 

Learned sentence types

SIMPLE

COMPOUND

COMPLEX

COMPOUND-COMPLEX

 

Essential sentence writing

Daily practice! Consistency. Slow and steady progress.

Everything is habit!

 

 

Sentence combining- take 3-4-5 short sentences, combine into one

 

GOAL- dense clear sentences -balance

dense- a lot of information

clear- easy to read and understand

 

EXAMPLE:

a.     Bill felt hungry.

b.    Bill had no lunch today.

 

Two approaches:

1.coordinate

2.subordinate

 

+COORDINATION- ‘co’- together- cooperate, coworker, colleague, collaboration

coordinated clauses- compound sentence

,SOBA   ;   ; TRANS,

 

 

a.     Bill felt hungry.

b.    Bill had no lunch today.

 

Bill had no lunch today, so he felt hungry.

Bill felt hungry, and he had no lunch today. Meaning?

Bill had no lunch today, and he felt hungry. Sounds better?

 

Bill felt hungry; he had no lunch today.

Bill had no lunch today; he felt hungry.

Bill had no lunch today; therefore, he felt hungry.

 

Bill had no lunch today. Therefore, he felt hungry. 2 SIMPLES

 

You can decide what kind of sentence you want. It is your decision. You are in charge.

 

+SUBORDINATION- ‘sub’- under- subway, subtitle, subsitute, subcutaneous

subordinated clauses- complex sentence- adverb cl, noun cl, adjective cl

 

a.     Bill felt hungry.

b.    Bill had no lunch today.

COMPLEX SENTENCE

Bill felt hungry because he had no lunch today. adv cl

Bill felt hungry since/as he had no lunch today. adv cl

Bill, who had no lunch today, felt hungry. adj cl

Bill, who felt hungry, had no lunch today. adj cl

Bill said that he felt hungry because he had no lunch today. n cl adv cl

 

Bill felt hungry because he had no lunch today. no comma

Because Bill had no lunch today, he felt hungry. comma

 

 

Bill thought that he was hungry because he had no lunch today.

Bill thought that he was hungry because he didn’t have lunch today.

 

Coordination and subordination

 

VOCAB breakfast- brunch – lunch - late lunch - early dinner- afternoon tea(British) – dinner/supper - late dinner - supper - midnight snack

 

Victoria- fancy hotel Empress Hotel- high tea- fancy tea and cookies, cakes

 

Sentence Combining Exercise

French Fries

1. French fries are loaded into a basket.

2. The French fries are white.

3. The basket is wire.

 

1.    French fries are loaded into a basket. main sentence- kernel

Look for new information in the following sentences. Avoid repetition.

2. The French fries are white.

3. The basket is wire.

 

French fries are loaded into a basket, and the French fries are white. XXX REPETITIVE- not good writing

 

French fries which are white are loaded into a basket. Good

White French fries are loaded into a basket. Better?

 

 

 

 

 

 

French fries which are white are loaded into a basket which is wire. Unwritten- too much going on

 

White French fries are loaded into a wire basket. Better.

Dense and clear.

dense- lots of information in a short number of words

clear-easy to read

 

RW- switch

A wire basket is loaded with white French fries. passive voice verb

 

You sentence writing should be dense and clear. Also, it must follow the sentence styles of English.

 

Voices in verbs- active voice, passive voice

active voice- most common- subject does the verb

She ate the chocolate.

 

passive voice- much less common- subject does not do the verb

The chocolate was eaten.

The chocolate was eaten by Fademah.

passive voice verb -longer and more complicate than active voice

ate- simple past tense active voice

was eaten – simple past passive voice

FREE ADVICE- Avoid passive voice. It sounds weaker then active voice.

 

Exceptions:

An old man was run over by a car at Knight and 41st this morning. passive voice

 

A car ran over an old man at Knight and 41st this morning. active voice

 

The car was fixed by a mechanic.

Let’s try some. Write the new combined sentence on your own paper.

 

 

**

Animal Farm Chapter 5 Notes

  Mollie increasingly disaffected, traitor

consorting with Foxwood man, ribbons and sugar

  disappears, defector

 

  hard winter

  pigs planners

Snowball and Napoleon, constant disagreement, different camps

  Snowball brilliant speaker

  Napoleon, sheep followers, interrupt Snowball's speeches

  Snowball innovator, inventor

  Napoleon- biding his time, scheming

 

  Windmill, Snowball's dream for electricity, mechanization

  Napoleon pees on plans- rare bit of humour in novel

 

  animals- two factions, except Benjamin

  Napoleon- train for defense

  Snowball- incite rebellion elsewhere

 

  vote about windmill- Snowball wins over animals with eloquence

  Napoleon's dogs run off Snowball, the puppies from a few chapters ago

 

  Napoleon suspends Sunday meetings, voting, only special committee

  Animals only “salute the flag” and sing “Beasts of England” (36) –ritualistic, human-like behaviour

  animals inarticulate or intimidated by dogs

 

  Squealer sent to spin Napoleon and smear Snowball

  discredit Snowball, call into question role in Battle of the Cowshed

  raises specter of Mr. Jones coming back

  Squealer persuades them, dogs growl at them

 

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