Today’s Agenda
·
Attendance
·
leftover work -organizing
a process paragraph, Activity 2
·
Continue adjective clauses- final type of clause
·
Begin new paragraph type- Opinion/Persuasive
writing
·
Continue to talk about verb tenses
Wednesday
·
leftover work -prepositions,
Ex7
·
Continue adjective clauses- final type of clause
·
Continue with new paragraph type-
Opinion/Persuasive writing
·
Continue to talk about verb tenses
Friday
·
Test4 - opinion/persuasive writing
Coming up in the final three weeks
·
Sentence combining
·
Phrasal verbs
·
Modals/Modal Auxiliairies
·
Essays – five-paragraph model
·
Essay types compare/contrast
persuasive
literary?
tennis racquet
badminton racquet
pingpong paddle
baseball bat
canoe paddle
moustache
goatee
soul patch
beard
chops
handlebar moustache
safety razor
straight razor
IDIOM follow through on your swing
follow through in your work
follow up- get in touch with somebody again
dig into- research, read about, investigate, gather
information, explore, eat
Dig in! Bon appetite!
IDIOM sweet spot- Doing exercise three times a week is the
sweet spot for me. It’s the Goldilocks zone.
More complicated, in-depth description – use adjective
clauses
e.g. I love the tea that my sister makes from flower
petals.
complicated ideas – my sister made it, made from flower
petals
ALTERNATIVES:
I love the tea that my sister makes from flower petals.
I love the tea made from flower petals.
BASIC I love the tea (which
is) made from flower petals.
I love the tea made from flower petals by my sister.
AWKWARD
VERB TENSE -
I love the tea that
my sister makes from flower petals. simple
present
I love the tea which
is made from flower petals. simple
present and passive voice
I loved the tea which my sister made from flower petals.
simple past
CONFUSION – made- simple past and participle
I love my sister’s flower-petal tea. adjective
More complicated ideas- use an adjective clause
***
Three most common pronouns for adjective clauses: who that
which
*** 95% of the time- who that which ***
Other less commonly used pronouns for adjective clauses:
whom, where, whose
PARTICULAR POINT OF CONFUSION
whom – rarely used, very fancy sounding, sounds like a
grammar book
Native English speakers rarely use ‘whom’. We say ‘who’.
MY ADVICE: Forget about ‘whom’. It is not important.
e.g. The woman to whom I was speaking is my sister.
GRAMMAR BOOK
The woman I was talking/speaking to is my sister.
VERY AUTHENTIC
The woman who I was talking/speaking to/with is my
sister. SOUNDS GREAT
Joe, whom I work with, is a great colleague.
One exception about ‘whom’. writing to someone, don’t know
who will be receiving the letter
GREETING for an impersonal business-type letter:
To whom it may concern,
Not an everyday occurrence. Pretty rare.
e.g. business letter, reference letter
FORMAL SOUNDING ENGLISH
preposition + whom
to whom from
whom with whom
With whom were you speaking? EXTREMELY FORMAL STYLE, STIFF,
SERIOUS
Who were talking to? CASUAL
Pick your tone. What impression are you trying to make?
Wedding invitation- very formal language
Mr. and Mrs. Chen request the honor of your presence at the
nuptials of their daughter…
RSVP
MEANING: Please come to our daughter’s wedding.
Pick your tone. Time and place.
FOCUS ON HIGH-FREQUENCY WORDS: who that which – 95%
of the time
*who – used for people, any people, sounds nice, sounds
polite and respectful, you can use it for all people
*that- things that are not alive, animals, people (sounds a
little disrespectful, sounds like you don’t like that person)
SUBTLETY IN ENGLISH, signal your opinion of a person:
The guy that my sister married is a creep. adjective
clause
creep- a person who gives you a weird negative feeling,
makes you feel uncomfortable
The man who my other sister married is awesome. adjective
clause
That people that did not respect me are now out of my
life.
The people who are my true friends will always be
with me.
‘that’ -tricky word in English, many uses in English
Who is that? Not an adjective clause, sounds polite
Who is that woman you were talking to?
That is a beautiful baby!
Is that your son? -sounds ok
*which- special things (special to you), unique things
This is a watch that I bought last week. not special, just a
watch
I really like the watch which my dad gave me for my 18th
birthday. special
She has a diamond wedding ring which her husband gave her.
wedding ring – which
bracelet
necklace
anklet
necklace that your grandmother gave you – which
toothbrush – that
glasses- that
*which – special things, unique things
special things- You decide if it is special to you.
I have a silver ring which my son gave me. a special
thing to me
She has a necklace which her son made for her.
Mei is wearing the jade necklace which her grandmother
gave to her.
Shirin is wearing the jade necklace that her grandmother
gave to her. (sounds like a regular necklace, not special)
Clara put the picture which her son painted for her
up on the fridge.
*unique things- only one in the world
Beijing, which is the capital of China, hosted the
2022 Olympic Summer Games. unique
GOOD RULE OF THUMB: only one, put commas around it
Edmonton, which has a huge indoor mall, is in northern
Alberta.
Marta visited the Eiffel Tower, which is in Paris.
Marta visited the Eiffel Tower that is in Paris. XXX
sounds like there are several Eiffel Towers
Marta visited the Starbucks that is on Robson Street.
The CN Tower, which is in Toronto, has the Edgewalk.
skiing- Green Runs, Blue Runs, Black Runs
REVIEW
who-people
that-things, animals
which- special things, unique things
Excellent grammar book
Understanding and Using English Grammar, Betty Azar
No comments:
Post a Comment