Tuesday, 7 December 2021

EF56 15 class- adverb clauses, Internet

 

English Foundations 5/6

Good morning, everyone.

We will get started at 8:30

 

frustrating(a) / frustration(n)

My music practice last night was frustrating. Hopefully tonight it will be more satisfying. When you work on things that are new and difficult, it can be frustrating.

 

 

Today’s agenda

 

·      Continue with complex sentences- adverb clauses

Your examples

Choose ten adverbial conjunctions for quiz #3 tomorrow.

·      Keep working on “The Internet”

“Reading” Read out loud

·      Finish subject verb agreement work

 

 

 

Wednesday

·      Quiz #3 – adverb clauses

·      Topic sentences

“Topic Sentence URLs”

·      Review sentences so far

·      HW  

 

 

Thursday

·      Continue work on Topic Sentence- Concluding Sentence

·      Read “English Globalization”

 

 

Friday

·      Test #2 – paragraph

 

Monday

·      Review Test #2 paragraph

 

 

 

 

 

 

Your examples of complex sentences with adverb clauses:

 

1.    Call me if/when you arrive.

2.    Peter walks slowly because he is old and sick.

3.    When she graduated from high school, she applied to\for college.

4.    UNICEF needs to attention about children situation in Afghanistan because this year, about 100s children died. RW

UNICEF needs to pay attention about the children’s situation in Afghanistan this year because this year hundreds of children died this year.

 

5.    She wants to become an astronaut because she wanted to discover new plant planet. why the tense change?

 

6.    Fahima is start taking German courses because she want to move to Austria.

Fahima is starting taking/to take German courses because she wants to move to Austria.

 

The baby is starting to walk. sounds good

 

7.    I didn’t go to work today because it was raining.

8.    When I got home from school yesterday, I made dinner for my family.

9.    Let me know if you need me.

10.                       My father died when I was 10 years old.

11.                       If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I will ride my bicycle.

12.                       I didn’t invited invite her for my birthday party because I don’t like her character/personality.

13.                       My plants were dried because I forgot water the flowers.

My plants were dry because I forgot to water the flowers them.

 

The sliced apples were dried. intentional (v)

14.                       If I studied more and more, I would pass my knowledge test. vt

If I studied more and more, I would have passed my knowledge test.

If I study more and more, I will pass my knowledge test.

 

15.                       When I bought a new cell phone, I transferred my information to the new phone.

16.                       Because my car wasn’t working didn’t start this morning, I was late at for work.

 

17.                       I registered my younger son in the school when we arrived to Canada.

I registered my younger son in the school next to our house when we arrived to Canada.

 

18.                       Sara saw her friend when she was shopping for a few things at the grocery store.

Maria was shopping for shoes yesterday.

 

19.                       When Rudy and his family arrived to at the airport, the plane took off.

20.                       Ali’s family can buy a house if they work hard and save more money together.

21.                       If you want to travel by plane, you must pay more money for the tickets.

22.                       The bus was stuck in the snow because there were big hills snowdrifts on the route.

23.                       When the snow is falling, people need to be careful crossing the street.

Be careful driving your car. Be careful when you drive your car.

 

24.                       The internet makes such a small world because I can take a seminar in different countries with Zoom.

25.                       If I feel bad, I don’t want to do anything.

26.                       I always exercise every morning because I want to keep my health really good strong/vibrant/tiptop.

 

27.                       When I was a little girl, I was really shy and suffered. parallel

shy(a) suffered(v)

shy and anxious/isolated/ashamed/self-concious

 

28.                       Because Jason will take part in go to a party tonight, he will not have dinner at home.

29.                       May likes to listen to music when she is cooking.

30.                       When I was doing homework, my cat was sleeping beside me.

31.                       If you study everyday, you will learn a lot of new information day by day.

32.                       When I was a child, my grandmother passed away.

33.                       If you saving save your money, you can/could buy a new car. vf

34.                       I should learn English because I need to talk to people.

She needs to go to the grocery store.

 

35.                       I went to the swimming class when I was a child.

36.                       Because the majority of people are meticulous/very careful regarding Covid-19, the number of infected patients is increasing decreasing.

Marin is an excellent nurse; she is meticulous. She is very detail-oriented. She does her work to the letter.

IDIOM- to the latter- very careful

e.g You just follow the doctor’s advice to the letter.

 

37.                       If you do not be vigilance with respect to details, your will not have a high score. RW

If you are not vigilant with respect to details, you will not have a high score.

 

38.                       If it snows tomorrow, the roads will be slippery.

39.                       The roads will be slippery if it snows tomorrow.

40.                       If there is a good deal, I will buy a laptop this year.

41.                       I am so very tired because I had a test on Monday.

42.                       The bus already left when I arrived at the bus stop.

43.                       When I arrived at the bus stop, the bus already left.

44.                       When the Covid stops, I want to visit my country at once/ as soon as I can.

45.                       When Maria is wearing artificial eyelashes, she looks ridiculous.

46.                       Lisa is so impulsive that she makes many mistakes.

47.                       Although Maria works seven days a week, her business doesn’t thrive isn’t thriving.

48.                       After Maria had an accident, she couldn’t walk very far.

 

 

Really good work.

 

 

* Adverbial conjunctions (adverb clause words)

Learning these will expand your ability to express your thoughts more clearly and precisely in English.

 

** When you learn these 24, you will be a star in your English class! You will be able to use these everyday in your English life.

 

time-                     after, before, ever since, since, until, when, whenever,

while

place-                   wherever

condition -          if, even if, provided that, unless

manner-               as, as if, though, although, even though, so ... that

cause-                   because, since

purpose-              in order that, in order to, so that,

 

 

 

*after- time

The kids did their homework after supper. prepositional phrase SIMPLE

The kids did their homework after SV supper. COMPLEX- ADVERB CL

The kids did their homework after they finished/had/ate supper. no comma

After the kids finished supper, they did their homework. comma

 

This is an important difference!

The kids did their homework after supper. SIMPLE

The kids did their homework after they finished supper. COMPLEX

After they finished supper, the kids did their homework. COMPLEX

 

The kids finished supper, so/and they did their homework. COMPOUND

 

 

* before- Call me before you leave. complex- adverb clause

          Call me before 8pm. simple

 

 

SIMPLE COMPOUND COMPLEX

You are almost ready for UBC.

 

SIDE NOTE: I have a small editing business on the side. I edit papers for UBC and SFU students, mostly nursing students who are getting their masters degrees. When I edit a paper for a university, I use SIMPLE, COMPOUND and COMPLEX sentences.

The stuff we are learning here will get you through school.

 

-since – two meanings: time, reason

since-time

May has lived in Canada since 1998. SIMPLE

May has lived in Canada since SV 1998.

May has lived in Canada since she moved/arrived/came/immigrated here from Vietnam in 1998. COMPLEX

 

* NOTE: simple past instead past perfect

Past perfect is not commonly used by native English speakers.

May has lived in Canada since she had moved here from Vietnam in 1998.

May has lived in Canada since she moved here from Vietnam in 1998.

 

-since – reason, same as ‘because’

I am a little frustrated right now because the internet keeps dropping out.

I am a little frustrated right now since the internet keeps dropping out.

Because the internet keeps dropping out, I am a little frustrated right now.

Since the internet keeps dropping out, I am a little frustrated right now.

 

because/since – Your choice. Mix it up!

 

due to + noun

 

I am a little frustrated right now due to the internet dropping out. SIMPLE

‘dropping’- noun, gerund

 

 

-until – time (waiting)

I will wait until you finish.

Until you finish, I will wait. Don’t sound natural. Sounds like poetry. Good for a poem or a song, or a love letter. Use your ear. Does it sound good?

 

 

I have been waiting for you until now. SIMPLE

I was waiting for you until 10 pm. SIMPLE

I was waiting for you until I fell asleep. COMPLEX

I was waiting for you until your sister called me. COMPLEX

I will keep learning English until I am fluent. COMPLEX

Sara will keep learning English until she is fluent. COMPLEX

 

NOTE: until – good for writing

- til – very casual, good for talking not for school writing

Same as ‘because’  - for writing     ‘cause’- very casual talking, not for school writing

til- casual, for spoken, not for writing

cause, cuz- casual, for spoken, not for writing

 

 

-when/while

when – one time

while – two actions happening at the same time

You were working while I was sleeping.

While you are in school, your kids are in daycare.

Students were using their cell phones while the teacher was teaching.

 

STRANGE Maria was washing the dishes while the phone rang.

 

                                           phone rang  *

­­­­washing   _______________________________

 

Maria was washing the dishes while the phone was ringing. UNLIKELY

 

 

while – Maria was washing the dishes while her husband was sweeping the floor.

sweeping *******************************************

washing    ___________________________________________

 

I can’t talk to you while I am driving. I will call you back when I park my car.

 

 

Sarah was washing the dishes when the phone rang. one moment in

time

 

Sarah was washing the dishes while Joe was watching TV.

My daughter was reading while I was playing guitar.

 

simple present

I get up early while you get up late.

 

 

TRUE FACT: It is difficult to differentiate between these right now. That will come with practice.

 

‘while’ fits well with continuous tenses  ‘ing’

My dog stares at me while I am sleeping.

My dog likes to hold hands while he is lying down.

 

He sings while he is driving. COMPLEX

He sings while driving. SIMPLE

 

The music is beautiful while sad. sounds like grammar book

The music is beautiful but sad. sounds more authentic SIMPLE

The music is beautiful, but it is sad. COMPOUND

 

 

since/ever since

since – time

ever since – feel like a long time

Marie has been waiting for the bus since 9:30. (less than five minutes) SIMPLE

Marie has been waiting for the bus ever since 9:00. (more than 35 minutes) SIMPLE

ever since – feels longer than it should be

 

Min has been living in Vancouver since she came to Canada. COMPLEX

Mui has been living in Vancouver ever since she came to Canada in 1975. COMPLEX -adverb clause

 

We have been friends since we were nine years old.

We have been BFFs ever since we were nine years old.

BFF – best friends forever

 

 

* since- Maria has lived in Canada since 1990. simple

Maria has lived in Canada since she moved from Indonesia in 1990. complex- adverb clause

 

 

Maria has lived in Canada since 2018. SIMPLE SENTENCE

Maria has lived in Canada ever since 1978. long time SIMPLE SENTENCE

Maria has lived in Canada since she moved from Japan in 2018. COMPLEX SENTENCE adverb clause

Maria has lived in Canada ever since she moved from Japan in 1978. long time

 

If something feels like a long time, use ‘ever since’.

We have been in class since 8:30. doesn’t feel like a long time

We have been waiting for the bus ever since 8:30. feels like a long time

 

 

MODELS using ‘since’ in simple sentences:

I came to Canada since 2019. XXX

I came to Canada in 2019. SIMPLE

I have lived in Canada since 2019. SIMPLE

I have been in Canada for two years. SIMPLE

I lived in Canada since 2019. Not the best verb choice.

I have lived in Canada since 2019.

I have lived in Canada since April, 2019.

I have lived in Canada since April 24th, 2019.

 

 

 

 

-whenever -every time

Whenever her dog is left alone, he tips over the garbage and makes a mess.

Her dog tips over the garbage and makes a mess whenever he is left alone.

Emiko feels homesick whenever she looks at her photo album of family pictures.

Whenever Emiko looks at her photo album of family pictures, she feels homesick.

Whenever he drinks water, he spills it all over himself like an old man or a kid.

 

 

 

 

*if

Sarah will go to the party if she is free.

We will go to the park if it is sunny.

If it is sunny, we will go to the park.

 

*even if

Sarah will not go to the party even if she is free.

We will go to the park even if it is not sunny.

 

I will buy a new phone if I can afford it. Will I buy a new phone? YES/NO

I will not buy a new phone even if I can afford it. Will I buy a new phone? NO

 

 

These are very powerful terms that you can use to express your thoughts. Often, I tell students that should become familiar with authentic, real English. This is real English that we use all day, every day.

 

* even though – the situation is true, not conditional

* even if – maybe YES, maybe NO, conditional

Sheila will not go to the party even though she was invited. Was she invited? YES

Sheila will not go to the party even if she is invited. Was she invited? Uncertain.

I go kayaking even if it is raining.

 

 

*provided that – ‘if’ for important things

Let’s grab some coffee if you’re free. – not important

You can change your career provided that you have made a good plan.

- sounds important

You can go to UBC if/provided that you have the prereqs. (prerequisite courses)

provided that – makes it sound important

You can choose when to use it.

going to the beach?

getting married?

immigrating to a new country?

getting some ice cream?

 

We can continue to be friends provided that you recipicate the support I give you.

 

grab some coffee- (casual) have some coffee

 

*unless – changes the situation, opposite of ‘if’ ‘provided that’

Let’s grab some coffee if you’re free.

Let’s grab some coffee unless you’re busy.

Sarah will go to the beach if it is nice on Saturday.

Sarah will go to the beach unless it is rainy on Saturday.

 

Let’s take a raincheck on coffee if you are busy. (idiom)

take a raincheck – we will do it later, postpone

 

Let’s go for a hike this Saturday.

Oh, I can’t. Can I take a raincheck?

 

Do you want to go for a walk today?

I have a doctor’s appointment. Can I take a raincheck?

 

Doctor’s assistant: Can you come next Wednesday at 3?

You: I have to take a raincheck. I’m busy. I’m already booked. How about Thursday at 2?

 

 

* though (a bit more casual), although, even though – same meaning

Dave is playing with his kids even though he has a lot of work to do.

I like the weather even though/ although/ though it is very hot.

 

TWO DIFFERENT WAYS

I like the weather although it is very hot.

Although it is very hot, I like the weather.

 

 

* so ... that

so ADJ that

Jun is so tall that she has trouble buying pants.

Yesterday was so hot that Mike sat inside of his refrigerator.

The kitten is so small that you can hold it in the palm of your hand.

Sarah is so tired that she is nodding off in the meeting.

IDIOM nodding off- falling asleep

 

SAME MEANING- DIFFERENT STYLE

Because Jun is so tall, she has trouble buying pants.

 

 

‘, so’  and ‘so ... that’ are not the same thing.

,so COMPOUND

so... that COMPLEX

 

 

 

These terms and words can change the way you express yourself in English. They can really help you express your thoughts and ideas clearly. They are very powerful tools, and you should learn to use them.

 

 

 

Focus on these most useful ones:

after/before

since

until

when/while

if

even if

unless

though/although/even though

so ... that

because

 

Let’s do some practice sentences on our own.

 

 

 

**Source of confusion- difference between compound and complex sentences, specifically transitional terms and adverbial conjunctions (adverb clause words)

 

* Compound sentence – transitional term

It snowed last night; therefore, the roads were slick this morning.

* Complex sentence – adverbial conjunction (adverb clause words)

The roads were slick this morning because it snowed last night.

 

These are different kinds of sentences. They may look similar, but they are not. Definitely you will get them confused sometimes.

 

You will get it with practice.

 

Very simple advice to you and to me:

If you want to learn piano, play piano a little bit every day. In a year, you’ll be good.

If you want to learn piano to write sentence styles in English, play

piano practice the sentence styles a little bit every day. In a year, you’ll be good.

 

When your English is getting better, you will feel great! However, you have to do the work.

 

If you learn these, you will be able to express 99.9% of your ideas.

 

 

 

 

 

For Quiz#3, let’s pick 8 to focus on:

1.    after

2.    since

3.    until*

4.    when

5.    if

6.    unless*

7.    although*

8.    because

 

e.g unless

We will go hiking if it is sunny (on) Saturday.

We will go hiking unless it is raining Saturday.  two clauses-main and subordinate

Let’s go out dancing if you are free. no comma

If you are free, let’s go out dancing. comma

 

Let’s go out dancing unless you are busy.

 

“Internet”

Finish exercises.

Read aloud.

Choose vocab for quiz.

 

Keep in touch! Call me sometime! Don’t be a stranger!

 

hyperlink:

www.cbc.ca

 

browser:

Chrome, Edge, Firefox

 

billion – 1000000000

million 1000000

thousand 1000

hundred 100

 

Japanese, Chinese 10000

 

10 vocab words for the quiz:

1.    internet

2.    document

3.    network

4.    chat

5.    government

6.    expert

7.    ordinary

8.    click

9.    information

10.                       keep in touch

 

 

REMINDER: My sentence tutorial is tonight. I will be covering simple sentences and compound sentences.

It will go 4:45-5:45.

 

Join Zoom Meeting

https://us02web.zoom.us/j/85626052226?pwd=dDNWWFhWM1NGVGMxQWlRNWRPOHNsdz09

 

Meeting ID: 856 2605 2226

Passcode: Z1F96C

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