·
First Nations – original people in a land
Aboriginal peoples are under threat around the world, experience
violence: Cuba, Australia, Finland, Canada, US, Japan
United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples
·
Focus of BC new curriculum- First Nations
First Nations ways of knowing,
culture, history in Canada
Words that
people use – Native, Aboriginal (etymology- word history, word origin Latin ab
– beginning), First Nations
Indian – not
used now, older term
My school
experiences- none of the history, social studies, literature,
BC
curriculum
-English 12
-First People’s English 12
·
science focused on First Nations
The focus was on Europeans, settlers, White
men in Canada
·
male-centred, Euro-centred
·
Government controls education and what kids learn
·
racism towards First Nations people “Indians”
·
dismissive, belittling, negative
·
lots of First Nations kids in my school, segregated
·
seemed normal
·
Tell this story
·
policy at my university – have to finish your degree in seven
years
student/ professor –led
initiative to change it to 10 yrs
·
racism against First Nations – BCTF AGM story
700 teachers
“equity-seeking groups” wanted representation
·
First Contact Canada
http://aptn.ca/firstcontact/
First Contact of Europeans with First Nations
·
First Nations -Who they are?
·
Small groups
“What do you know about First Nations people
in Canada?”
Generate ideas on LCD
·
First Nations, Inuit, and Métis peoples constitute Indigenous peoples in Canada, also called First Peoples. First Nations came
into common usage in the 1980s to replace the term Indians
·
Aboriginal, Indigenous
·
First Nations- Indigenous people
in the South (below Arctic Circle). Half of all First Nations bands are in
Ontario and BC.
·
Inuit are the Indigenous people who live in the North.
Used to be called ‘Eskimo’- disparaging term from French Esquimaux, from
Montagnais ayas̆kimew ‘person who laces a snowshoe’. Montagnais, or Innu, are
the Indigenous inhabitants of an area they refer to as Nitassinan, which
comprises most of the northeastern portion of the present-day province of
Quebec and some eastern portions of Labrador.
Discredited etymology ‘raw fish eater’
Show map: “Inuit Map”
·
Metis a person of mixed Indigenous
and European-American ancestry, in particular one of a group of such people who
in the 19th century constituted the so-called Metis nation in the areas around
the Red and Saskatchewan rivers. Metis comes from the French word ‘métis’, which means ‘mixed’.
·
Talk about origin of the word ‘Indian’
due to geographical misunderstanding
Cuba, - West Indies
Christopher Columbus 1492
“Red Indian” – don’t use that
name anymore
“East Indian” – don’t use that
name anymore
·
Where did they come from?
·
Every group/country/people/religion has a creation story
·
First Nations Creation Stories / Creation Myths
myth – legend, fiction, story, has a lot of meaning to the culture
Greek myths – Ancient Greece
Echo was in love with Narcissus, narcissist
·
Read “The Beginning of the HaidiGwaii World” on LCD
·
Talk about Raven
- prominent role in the mythologies of the
Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast, including the Tsimishians,
Haidas, Heiltsuks, Tlingits, Kwakwaka'wakw, Coast Salish, Koyukons, and Inuit.
The raven in these indigenous peoples' mythology is the Creator of the world,
but it is also considered a trickster god.
-two different raven characters:
-the
creator raven, responsible for bringing the world into being and who is
sometimes considered to be the individual who brought light to the darkness
-the childish
raven, always selfish, sly, conniving, and hungry
·
Show pictures “Raven1” “Raven2” “Raven and the First Men”
“Spirit of Haida Gwaii”
Haida jewelry
·
archaeology –study of human history in the past
Archaeological theories about origins of
First Nations
·
hominids – Nearderthal, Australopithicus,
·
homo sapiens- Man sapien - wise
·
migration – humans or animal moving or travelling
Birds migrate south every winter.
·
immigration- move to a new country, with a passport
·
emigrate – leave a country to go to a new country for good
·
200 000 years ago, Homo Sapiens in Africa
·
60 000 years ago, humans leave Africa
50 000 years ago reach Australia
·
Second wave
35 000 years ago reach Middle East and Central
Asia
·
40 000 years ago into Europe
·
25 000 years ago- Ice Age, ice bridge between Russia and Alaska
·
15 000 years ago humans cross The Bering Strait into North America
·
Show video “Map Shows How Humans Migrated Across the Globe”
(2m30s)
Explore website, LCD
http://firstpeoplesofcanada.com/fp_groups/fp_groups_origins.html
talk about land bridge
·
Atlantic migration theory
Talk about
·
First Nations reactions to these scientific theories
Put like on Blog
Listen to audio (9m) EXCELLENT
Describe and summarize
controversies, competing theories for students
·
Another article about Salutrian/Ice Bridge debate
http://www.cbc.ca/news/technology/ancient-toddler-s-remains-re-ignite-native-origins-debate-1.2534423
CONTACT
·
cooperation- settlers dying of scurvy, lack of Vitamin C
long-standing problem for sailors
limey, pine needle tea
·
Work through timeline
https://aboriginalconnections.wordpress.com/teacher-resources/bc-first-nations-historical-timeline/
FLESH OUT Treatment of FN- blanket ceremony information
·
Residential School system
Talk about
·
Between the 1860s and 1996 more than 150,000 First Nations, Inuit,
and Métis children were required to attend Indian Residential Schools,
institutions operated by religious organizations funded by the Federal
Government.
·
The Canadian government removed First Nation children from their
families and communities and placed them in these institutions.
·
Many children were inadequately fed, clothed and housed, and many
were abused, physically, emotionally, and sexually. Their languages and
cultural practices were prohibited.
TEACHERRESOURCES
https://www.ece.gov.nt.ca/files/Early-Childhood/ns_-_residential_schools_resource_-_second_edition.pdf
·
VIDEO “Where Are the Children? Healing the Legacy of the
Residential Schools”
GO OVER THIS WEBSITE ON LCD
·
http://www.anishinabek.ca/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/An-Overview-of-the-IRS-System-Booklet.pdf
·
Introduction to Truth and Reconciliation Commission, Residential
Schools
reconcile – to be friends again, to rebuild a
broken relationship
modeled
after the South African Truth and Reconcilation Commission
- Apartheid – separation of white and black, from
1948
·
National Centre for Truth and Reconciliation
Opening ceremony:
·
EXPLORE Website:
Explore together
Walk through Timeline
Choose one
of the stories. Listen or read the transcript, make notes.
Indian Horse
Ch 11-12?
photocopy and read together
***
LOTS OF RESOURCES
SURVIVOR TESTIMONY:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wjrZpCJtNYk
·
Distribute “ConnieWalkerQuestions”, p.c.
·
LISTEN (13m56s)
OR
http://www.cbc.ca/player/play/2680244159/
OR
“ConnieWalker.mp3”
Students listen and make notes
Afterward, get into small groups and compare
notes.
Discuss as a
class.
·
LISTEN to poem “MONSTER”, p.c. (3m,16s)
OR
http://www.cbc.ca/radio/thecurrent/apr-3-2014-1.2908353/monster-by-poet-dennis-saddleman-i-hate-you-residential-school-i-hate-you-1.2908356
·
Highlights from TRC:
http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2015/12/15/highlights-from-the-report-of-the-truth-and-reconciliation-commission-report_n_8812426.html
·
“MyLittleResidentialSchoolSuitcase”, p.c.
Read aloud,
discuss
·
Explain Gord Downey
The Sacred
Path
·
“’Totem’
Module”
·
DON’T TEACH Rita Joe “I Lost My Talk”
·
“Two-Spirit” “Chrytos”
“Unentitled” from here:
http://www.sfu.ca/lovemotherearth/02poetry/tea_and_bannock.pdf
THIS PART DONE
·
Appropriation of First Nations culture
·
Explain meaning of ‘cultural appropriation’
Gucci turban
·
Talk about 2015 Miss Canada dress
Show pics “Miss Canada 1,2”
·
Other examples of a appropriation of First Nations culture- music
festivals
Show pics “Headdress1,2,3” “Costume1”
Show video “Headdress- A filmmaker recreates
her great-grandfather’s portrait” (5m,43s)
·
http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/bc-women-searches-for-stolen-regalia-prince-george-1.4692057
The future of FN
“ForthisArcticstudent”, p.c.
“JasmineKegel”pic
·
“My Moccasins Have Not Walked” work and student poem
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