EF4/5 Sentence combining quiz

1. Jackie's dad is a truck driver for twenty years XX
Jackie's dad is a truck driver who has been driving for twenty years (present perfect)
Jackie's dad has been a truck driver for twenty years (present perfect)
Jackie's dad has been a truck driver for twenty years, and he is taking a year off to be with Jackie.
Jackie's dad has been a truck driver for twenty years, and he will be taking a year off so that he can be with Jackie.
2. Now, his job is  working at home with Jackie as a full-time parent.

He is parenting Jackie full-time at home. No "job"
He now works at home with Jackie as a parent; this is a full-time job.
He now works at home with Jackie as a parent which is a full-time job.
3. They clean and repair the house, cook the meals, shop, and have fun.
They have fun cleaning and repairing the house, cooking the meals, and shopping.

They clean and repair the house, cook the meals, and shop; usually, they have fun.

drywall 8*4 sheets
mud, tape
sand

She has a delicate touch with painting.
He has a rough touch.


handy man- plumber, electrician

4. They play in the afternoon, paint, picnic, go to the movies, and cycle.

5. Jackie, who is four years old, enjoys each day that is spent with her dad.

Eng11 sentence combining

1. Even though we had not been looking forward to the move, it was the smoothest in memory.

2. We pick up the rented truck at eight o'clock and drove to the apartment. SIMPLE
We pick up the rented truck at eight o'clock, and we drove to the apartment. COMPOUND

It went smoothly. It was easy.

3. Our timing was perfect because noone else was moving; this meant that the elevator was free.

Our timing was perfect: the elevator was free because noone else was moving.

4. Four of us carried, positioned and tied the furniture into the truck in less than an hour.

5. Even the plants did well; the move was fats enough that they didn't go into shock.

go into shock- 

6. When we were at the house at ten o'clock, people really flew into action.

7. Within two hours, the truck was empty; then we were sitting on the deck, eating lunch, turning moving day into a house-warming party.

After the truck was empty, we sat on the deck eating our lunch; withing two hours, we had turned moving day into a house-warming party.





flew into action

EF4/5 Family relations

Family relations-

mother
grandmother
great grandmother
great great grandmother


aunt

great aunt


half-brother
step-sister
step-mother

mother-in-law

EF4/5 Model descriptive paragraph

My Beautiful Grandmother

SPECIFIC TOPIC
beautiful- looks, face, old

hair- short, curly, dyed- blue rinse, well kept, brushed, permed

eyes- sky blue, bright, twinking, laughing, laugh lines, crow's feet

nose- tall nose, pointed nose, button nose

cheeks- pale, wrinkled, too much rouge, dimples

mouth- false teeth- dentured, smiling


ROUGH COPY

TOPIC SENTENCE- topic, controlling idea
    My grandmother had a very beautiful face even when she was very old. First of all, she had very nice short curly permed hair that she always kept neatly brushed. Interestingly, she dyed her hair blue which was the style in the late 70s. Also, she had bright sky-blue eyes which were always twinkling becuase she liked to laugh and tell jokes. She had laugh lines around her eyes.
...
You can see that she was very charming looking in her later years.


PLAN- vocab

EF4/5 Process for writing paragraphs

PROCESS FOR WRITING PARAGRAPHS

PLAN
1. Decide on topic
2. Brainstorm vocab- adjectives
3. Organize- PHYSICAL, TIME, LOGICAL

WRITE
4. Rough copy
Topic sentence- topic, controlling idea
Detail sentences

5. Proofread, edit
6. Good copy to hand in
No time to do a good copy in class. Pass in your rough copy with corrections.


Proofreading business- university students

Eng11 Sentence combining practice

Ricky heard his mother calling him in with a voice that sounded colder than the winter wind.

He turned reluctantly from the frozen white walls that he had made and looked hopefully to the back door; his cheeks were red from hours of play, and his nylon snowsuit was a shade darker from the melted snow.

No reprieve came, so he waved to his day-long companion, the snowman, and began the 50-foot trek to his house; he prolonged every step to take last glimpses of his empire.

He dragged his black galoshes heavily through the snow and thought of the day's fun, the snowballs thrown and the territories conquered. SIMPLE

His mother would insist the warm dinner was good for him even though it seemed less inviting than the mouthfuls of snow he had swallowed while crawling through his network of tunnels. COMPLEX- ADVERB CLAUSE

His mother would insist the warm dinner was good for him; even though/however, it seemed less inviting than the mouthfuls of snow he had swallowed while crawling through his network of tunnels. 
COMPOUND

English 11 GOOD URL to West Side Story http://www.westsidestory.com/

http://www.westsidestory.com/

English 11 URL for West Side Story

http://www.tuts.com/images/seasonshowdocs/wss_study.pdf

Intro p10

Characters p11

Act 1 plot summary p13

Read West Side Story song lyrics

"America"

“Somewhere”

EF4/5 Sentence practice with modals/ modal auxiliaries

paint
The man can paint your house.
Your sister might paint a portrait of you.
There is a guy in Stanley Park who will paint a cartoon/ caricature of you.


work
He wasn't able to work after a serious car accident.
He wasn't able to work because he had a serious car accident.
He wasn't able to work since he got into a serious car accident.

I can't work late tomorrow.

John has got to work because his wife is in hospital.

breadwinner

The husband used to be a house husband/ stay-at-home-dad, but now he has to work.

He is a kept man.

He is her sugar daddy.

eat soft rice

Now he has to be the breadwinner for the family. 

staples- main food

walk

The baby was able to walk at ten months.
The baby is not able to walk without help.
The senior isn't able to walk without a cane/ walking stick/ walker.
The soccer player couldn't walk without crutches because she broke her leg/ sprained her ankle/ twisted her knee.
He hurt his back.
He pulled a muscle in his back.
She pulled a muscle in her neck.

take
She has to take the bus to school.
She doesn't have to take the bus to school.
You don't have to take your vacation until June.
My grandmother doesn't have to take her high-blood-pressure pills anymore.
You have to take swimming lessons, or you will never be able to swim.

talk
I can't talk to you without it turning into a fight.
She can talk with you in English.
You had better talk to your doctor.
Should I talk with you after we finish dinner?
Could I talk with you after dinner?
Could we talk about this privately later?

I just want to enjoy a peaceful supper for a change. We can talk about XXX after we finish.

We need to talk. ALWAYS BAD NEWS

drive
She won't drive without a GPS because she gets lost easily.
She is easy to get lost. XXX NOT ENGLISH
He is easy to learn French. XXX
He learns French easily.

It is easy for him to learn French.
French is easy to learn.
French is easy for me.

is easy to- SUBJECT CANNOT BE THE PERSON

She is easy going. (adjective)
He is very high-strung.
He is very tense.
He loses his cool easily.

He is burnt out.
She is exhausted.

He is a very contrary person. You say "Yes."; he says "No."
He is a complainer.


Marcus was supposed to drive this morning, but he didn't.
He has a terrible sense of direction.

You will be able to buy an ipad in December.

She doesn't have a driver's licence, so she isn't able to drive.

read
I can't read Chinese.
You should read English newspapers often.
You had better read this document, or you might get into trouble.

buy
You had better buy less if you want to keep to your monthly budget.
You can't buy everything you see. I'm not made of money. Money doesn't grow on trees. I am not the bank.

Money talks.

help
Can I help you?
Could you help me?
I am not able to help you.

CAUSATIVE VERB- causes another action

I can help you to move your piano.


ask
She couldn't ask her sister for money.
May I ask you some questions?

CAUSATIVE She asked her son to do his homework.
Could I ask you to close the door?

English 11 Minoru:Memory of Exile URL

·       WATCH VIDEO Minoru: Memory of Exile (19m)

http://www.veoh.com/watch/v205615599DJG5CB3?h1=%22Minoru%3A+Memory+of+Exile%22+-+Michael+Fukusima+%281992%29

E11 Japanese internment resources

https://tellingthestoriesofthenikkei.wordpress.com/tag/japanese-canadian-internment/

Torn Apart, Kobayashi

EF4/5 Modals- modal auxiliaries

Subject + modal + infinitive -to (simple form of the verb)

Mary + might + to like + ice cream.
Mary might like ice cream.

The little boy should go to bed at 8:30.

My daughter must finish her math homework.

May I open the door?


Yes, you may (open the door).


Please, may I to redo the test tomorrow?

do redo
paint repaint
heat reheat
place replace

Your aunt should replace her dentures.
After you fill your car with gas, replace the nozzle.

read reread
write rewrite
new renew
view review
turn return
fund $ refund

shall- "I shall finish the work." VERY UNUSUAL

Shall is for a polite invitation to do something
"Shall we leave?"
"Shall we eat?"
"Shall we take a break?"

TWO MODALS TOGETHER
I will be able to help you.
will- 
You must be able to run 5k to be on the team.
You might be able to attend the class.

TWO-WORD MODALS
ought to- should (advisability- advise)
You ought to to call your sister.

had better- really should - strong advise-
You had better go to the hospital.

have to/ need to- must
She has to stop smoking.
I have to stop smoking.
I have to stay here.
The dog has to stay home.
I need to call Shaw.
She needs to get a job.

have got to- must- very strong


used to- did something regularly in the past
He used to play hockey when he was young.
She used to live in Korea.

NOT MODAL
be used to- comfortable with something
She is used to NOUN
She is used to Vancouver now.
I am not used to Seattle.
I am not used to GERUND
I am not used to speaking English.

I am used to Chinese food.
I am used to eating sushi.

I am getting used to living in Vancouver.

He is used to
We are used to the rain.


THREE-WORD MODAL
be able to- can
She is not able to come to the meeting.
He is able to speak French.

be supposed to- should
You were supposed to call me.

be going to - will

She is going to make some supper.
She will make some supper. UNUSUAL
I am going to go skiing tomorrow.

I am going to the school. NOT A MODAL 
I am going to go to the school. MODAL

will? be going to? WHEN?

MY OPINION AS A NATIVE ENGLISH SPEAKER- IDIOMATIC

be going to -not sure 
I am going to pick you up at 3. SURE
I am planning to pick you up at 3. NOT SURE
I am not sure if I can pick you up or not.
He is not sure if he can pass the math class or not.

E11 Japanese internment website

http://www.cbc.ca/history/EPISCONTENTSE1EP14CH3PA3LE.html

EF4/5 Sentence Combining Test #3

1.Sarah was skiing very quickly down the very steep mountain. SIMPLE

Sarah was skiing down the very steep mountain very quickly. OK

2. She stopped at the bottom, and the bottom was of the hill. X Stringing clauses together.
She stopped at the bottom of the hill, turned around, and looked back up.
She stopped at the bottom of the hill; then she turned around and looked back up.
After she stopped at the bottom of the hill, she turned around and looked back up. COMPLEX

3. She watched the skiers who were coming down the hill.
She watched the skiers, and the skiers were coming down the hill. X REP

She watched the skiers who were coming down the hill, and she watched for her sister's red jacket.
She watched the skiers (coming down the hill), and she watched for her sister's red jacket.

She watched the skiers coming down the hill for her sister's red jacket.

I watch the flyers for sales.

She watched the skiers who were coming down the hill and her sister who was wearing a red jacket. SLIGHTLY DIFFERENT MEANING

She watched for her sister in a red jacket skiing down the hill.
She watched for her sister in a red jacket among the skiers skiing down the hill.

between = 2
among = crowd
amid = crowd (LESS COMMON)

4. Sarah lifted up her ski goggles off of her eyes and blinked.

Sarah blinked when she lifted her ski goggles off of her eyes.

5. The bright white snow reflected the sun into her eyes.

The snow which was bright and white reflected the sun into her eyes.

temporary snow blindness

6. Finally, Sarah saw her sister skiing back and forth, slowly down the hill.

Finally, Sarah saw her sister, who was skiing slowly, back and forth down the hill.

Her sister somersaulted down the hill.

The little kid fell down the stairs head over heels.

somersault (v)

cartwheel (v) (n)

The little girl skips rope.

The little boy skips down the street.

The little kid jumped in all of the puddles.

The kids played hopscotch.

The kids played tag. She said, "You're it."

The girls played house.

We played hide-and-seek.

The kids skipped stones on the pond.

EF4/5 Sentence combining

Sentence combining- sentence types, styles

SIMPLE

COMPOUND

COMPLEX

TIP

- Be aware of repetition.

Joey came running.

He ran into the classroom.

Joey came running, and he ran into the classroom. REP

Joey came running, and he ran into the classroom.

Joey came running into the fifth grade classroom.

Joey came running into the classroom which was for the fifth grade.

Joey came running into the fifth grade classroom ten minutes late. SIMPLE

2. The teacher stopped writing, looked up, smiled and said softly, “Joey.”

After the teacher stopped writing, she looked up, smiled and said softly, “Joey.”

The teacher stopped writing and looked up; then she smiled and said softly, “Joey.”

3. Joey paused in his conversation, and he was conversing with Aram. REP

Joey paused in his conversation with Aram.

Joey paused in his conversation with Aram when he realized something was wrong.

Joey realized something was wrong, so he paused in his conversation with Aram.

SIMPLE COMPOUND COMPLEX

4. The students pretended to work, and some giggled; all waited for the teacher to say something. COMPOUND

The students waited for the teacher to say something while they giggled and pretended to work. COMPLEX

5. Joey complimented the teacher, and he complimented him on his tie. REP

Joey complimented the teacher, and he complimented him on his tie.

Joey complimented the teacher on his tie.

Joey complimented the teacher on his tie, and he did this quickly.

Joey quickly complimented the teacher on his tie. SIMPLE

6. Everyone, even the teacher, laughed as Joey sat down and began to work. COMPLEX- ADV CL

As Joey sat down and began to work, everyone, even the teacher, laughed. COMPLEX ADV CL

NEW JOB

Angie’s mother accepted a job.

The job was in another province.

The job was higher-paying.

She moved her family.

Angie’s mother accepted a higher-paying job in another province.

Angie’s mother accepted a higher-paying job which was in another province.

Angie’s mother accepted a higher-paying job in another province, so she moved her family.

2. Angie was sad because she said a tearful goodbye to her friends before she left. 2 ADV CL

Before Angie left, she was sad to say a tearful goodbye to her friends.

Sad and tearful, Angie said a tearful goodbye to her friends before she left.

Angie was sad and tearful to say goodbye to her fiends before she left.

3. She arrived at her new school, and she saw hundreds of unfamiliar faces. COMPOUND

She arrived at her new school where she saw hundreds of unfamiliar faces. COMPLEX- ADJ CL

When she arrived at her new school, she saw hundreds of unfamiliar faces. COMPLEX- ADV CL

She saw hundreds of unfamiliar faces in her new school. SIMPLE

She arrived at her new school and saw hundreds of unfamiliar faces. SIMPLE

4. She missed her caring friends who were at her old school.

She missed her friends who were caring who were at her old school. OVERWRITTEN

She missed her caring friends at/from/in her old school. SIMPLE

She missed her friends who were caring at her old school.

She missed the caring/care from her friends at her old school.

5. She had made friends in her classes within a month, so she felt happier.

Within a month, she felt happier because she had made friends in her classes.

E11 Jade Peony presentation project

Dramatic interpretation of The Jade Peony

Imagine you have been hired to write a 5-minute dramatic scene based on The Jade Peony.In the scene, two to three characters from The Jade Peony interact and present a conflict based on the events of the novel.You can choose any characters from the novel, living or dead.  The setting for this scene could be in the place and time of the novel or in a different setting of your choosing.

            Write a script for these characters.  Have the characters reveal and develop the conflict through their dialogue.  The dialogue must be balanced between the characters.  The conflict does not have to be resolved at the end of the scene, but you may choose to find a resolution for the conflict.

You will present your scene to the class on __________________________.

On that day, you will submit to me a short paragraph describing the setting of the scene, a short paragraph describing the conflict in the scene, and the script.

You will work in groups of two or three, depending on whether there are two or three characters in your scene.  Divide the work evenly.

Today, find your partners and decide what characters, setting, and conflict you want to present in your scene.  You will have some time in each of the next few classes to complete the scene, so work smart.

(Worth 10 pts- based on submitted written work.  Extra points for good performances.)

E11 Sentence writing- sentence combining

The cooking class is a break. KERNEL-centre

William Strong- university professor
academic English- formality, prestige- vocabulary, specialized vocab.,
high-quality sentences- compact, dense- convey a lot of meaning with economy,
the most meaning in the shortest number of words.

20 page easy, 2 page hard
variety of sentence styles, dense, convey a lot of meaning
prestige language- academic language, professional language

1. The cooking class is a welcome break from concentrated hours of English and Math.
2. There is a relaxed and friendly atmosphere in the class.
There is a atmosphere which is relaxed and friendly in the class.
There is a relaxed, friendly atmosphere in the class.
adjectives- order of adjectives
the cute white dog
the white cute dog (weird)
Opinion Size Age Shape Colour Origin Material Purpose

beautiful  big      young  round     green/grey French    cotton    school

The beautiful green tree...
The round Japanese tea cup.... NO COMMAS
The beautiful, cute baby...  COMMA – IN THE SAME CATEGORY





COMPOUND SENTENCE
She likes cats, but he likes dogs.
FANBOYS- for and nor but or yet so
I am wearing a sweater, for it is cold. UNUSUAL
I am not going to the party, nor am I going home. UNUSUAL
She said she would be here, yet she is late. UNUSUAL
SOBA- so or but and AUTHENTIC
Jung was in love with Frank, so he felt anxious.
Jung was in love with Frank; therefore, he felt anxious.
Jung was in love with Frank; for that reason, he felt anxious.
COMPLEX
Jung felt anxious because he was in love with Frank.

VARIETY OF SENTENCES

She was given detention (for being late). prepositional phrase

SENTENCE COMBINING
3. Although there is no homework, there is delicious food that can be eaten at the end of the lab.
MODEL
Although Jook had no friends, she did have a good companion who would take her out around town in the evenings.

5. He cooked an omelette on Tuesday; it was light, perfect, and stuffed with cheese, green peppers, and spices.
On Tuesday, he cooked a spicy cheese and green pepper omelette that was light and perfect.

The omelette he cooked on Tuesday was stuffed with only cheese, green peppers and spices; as a result, the omelette was perfectly light.
ADVICE- NO MORE THAN 3-4 ADJECTIVES

cheese, green peppers and spices
cheese, green peppers, and spices OXFORD COMMA
OPTIONAL- DO YOU NEED IT?
The sandwich had butter, bread, and peanut butter and jam.
The sandwich had butter, bread, peanut butter, and jam.
COMMAS ARE VERY PERSONAL-

EF4/5 Sentence Combining Sheet 1

Sentence Combining Sheet 1

Avoid repetition

1. The object looks long.

The object looks thin.

The object looks long and thin.

The object measures about eight inches in length.

The object looks long(a), thin(a) and measures(v) about eight inches in length. XX parallel POOR STYLE

I like skiing, hiking, and to dance. XX

I like skiing, hiking, and dancing.

The object, which looks long and thin, measures about eight inches in length.

The object, which measures about eight inches in length, looks long and thin.

The object looks thin and long(a) (which measures about eight inches in length).

The object looks thin and and has a length (which measures about eight inches in length).

Adj cl describes a noun.

2. The object has many flat sides but appears rounded with a diameter that measures about 1/8 inch.

The object has many flat sides, but it appears rounded with a diameter that measures about 1/8 inch. 

The object has many flat sides; however, it appears rounded with a diameter that measures about 1/8 inch. 

The object, which has a diameter of 1/8 inch, has many flat sides; however, it appears rounded. 

The girl is tall who has long legs. XX

The girl who has long legs is tall. 

The object, which appears rounded, has many flat sides and a diameter of 1/8 inch.

The girl, who is tall, has long legs and arms.

3. It comes in many colours outside and inside, but usually the outside is yellow while the inside is greyish-black.

It comes in many colours outside and inside, but usually the outside is yellow and the inside is greyish-black.

COMMAS ARE VERY PERSONAL- STYLE

What punctuation makes the sentence clear?

4. There is often writing and a number such as a 2 or a 3 along the outside of the object.
There is often writing and a number which is a 2 or a 3 along the outside of the object.

7. The longer you use the object, the shorter and duller it gets. It gets shorter and duller.

The more I work, the more tired I get.

The more you exercise, the healthier you get.

ENGLISH-SPEAKER STYLE

AUTHENTIC USAGE

If you exercise more, you will get healthier. COMPLEX- ADV CL

GRAMMAR BOOK STYLE

8. The object is often used by students, artists, and office workers. parallel

I like dogs, cats, and fish. , and OXFORD COMMA

Sheet 2

1. David and Peter went on a camping trip to the White Mountains in New Hampshire in June.

four prepositional phrases

David and Peter went (on a camping trip) (to the White Mountains) (in New Hampshire) (in June).

In June, David and Peter went on a camping trip to the White Mountains in New Hampshire.

E11 Example sentences for process writing

Do you know how to chop up an onion properly? If you do the way your dad does it, probably not. Before you even start cutting, get comfortable holding the knife. Find a comfortable position in your hand where the knife feels balanced. Then you are ready to begin. First, cut the onion in half with the knife pointing toward the root. Lay the onion flat-side down and then place three fingers pointing downward on the top of the onion- two behind and one in front to act as a guide for the knife. The flat of the knife blade will press against the first knuckle of your second finger as you move it up and down to cut the onion. Cut through the onion up and down from one side to the other in thin slices from the end to the root, being careful not to cut into the root. If you cut into the root, you will start to cry.  Slice the onion twice laterally on a angle about midway and then close to the top.   Then turn the onion 90 degrees and, holding the half-onion like a baseball, start to dice it into very small cubes. Continue to chop until you almost reach the root. Finally chop along the sides of the root until there is only the root left. Congratulations, you have successfully finely chopped an onion just like a real chef.

EF 4/5 Sentence Combining

2. Carla came to the party, but Rick didn't come to the party.
Carla came to the party; however, Rick didn't.
Rick didn't come to the party, but Carla did.
Carla came to the party, so Rick didn't. CHANGES THE MEANING

4. I put the children to bed, so they were tired. XX
I put the children to bed because they were tired.
They were tired, so I put the children to bed. XX
The children were tired, so I put them to bed.
When the children were tired, I put them to bed.
I put the children who were tired to bed. ADJ CL
I put the tired children to bed.

9. I'll call you before I leave this evening.
I'll call you before I will leave this evening. XX

ADV CL FOR FUTURE USE PRESENT TENSE

We will eat when you get here.

We will eat when you will get here. XX

10. We're going to the factory which Greg works in.
We're going to the factory where Greg works.
We're going to the factory where Greg works.
We're going to the factory because Greg works there. ADV CL
Greg works at the factory that we are going to.

EF4/5 as...so

As housing costs rise, so do rental costs. UNUSUAL, NOT COMMONLY USED

As the population increases, so water usage increases. 

EF 4/5 Sentence combining

Coordination
 and but so 

both... and
either... or
neither... nor

as... as
You are as tall as your sister (is).
as adjective as

SIMILES
He is as smart as a whip.
whip smart (hurt) (good brain)
That smarts!!

She is as tall as a tree.
He is as dumb as an ox.
She is as stubborn as a mule.
The little boy is as thin as a dime.
She did her homework as quick as a wink.

He blinked at the sun.

so... as ?


He is so excited that he can't sleep.

whether... or
whether or not

You have to do your homework whether you like it or not. MORE COMMON
You have to do your homework whether or not you like it.
We have to go to work whether you are tired or not.


I like coffee while my friend likes tea.

EF 4/5 Noun clauses

2. that rain
I hope that it will not rain today.

3. whatever like
I hope you get whatever you want.
You can buy whatever jacket you like.

4. how fix
She doesn't know how to fix the tap.
She knows how to fix her own car.
The little kid doesn't know how to fix a sandwich.
fix= make food
She knows how to fix her hair.

5. I hope that our school is still open.
My son thinks that school is boring.
The teacher's pet says that he really loves school.

6. whoever want
You can marry whoever you want.
Our school welcomes whoever wants to take classes.

I think whoever (wants to own a house) should save for one.
If you want to buy an iphone 7, you should save for one.
If you want to buy an iphone 7, you should save money for it. UNUSUAL, NOT AUTHENTIC


Knowing how to fix a car is important.

I wanted a new car, so I bought one.

English 11 Ideas for grabbers/ hooks for essays

Grabber- don't panic!
Grabbers have to be creative, grab the readers' interest.
1. general to specific statement
funnel
General comments- focusses in on one topic stated in the Thesis statement

thesis (ancient Greek)= idea

2. anecdote- a short interesting story, personal
on-topic

3. statistic or fact
numbers 40%, 20%
one in five, seven out of ten men

78% of all statistics are made up.
10% of all dogs speak French.


fact- dark chocolate is good for you
Thesis statement- difficult to make food choices


4. historical reference, background

5. quotation by a famous person
quotation by a regular person

6. question?
Turn your thesis statement into a question.
Your thesis statement will be the answer.

7. Idiom in any language (English, your mother tongue)


My advice: Write the grabber last.


DON'T PANIC!!!

EF4/5 Sentence combining models

Coordination
and
but
or

both... and
Both Mary and Joe is/are coming to the party.
Two people are going.

either... or
Either Mary or Joe is/are coming to the party.
One person is going.

neither... nor 
Neither Mary nor Joe is/are coming to the party.

Zero people are going.

Subordination

complex sentences

-adverb clauses

-adjective clauses

-noun clauses

John bought and old blue Ford.

John bought a car, and it is an old blue Ford.

John bought a car which is an old blue Ford.

The car that John bought is an old blue Ford.

The old car that John bought is a blue Ford.

SENTENCE VARIETY- different styles

TRY OUT YOUR SKILLS

1.You should dress warmly because it's getting very cold.

You should dress warmly since it's getting very cold.

You should dress warmly as it's getting very cold.

It's getting very cold, so you should dress warmly.

Because it's getting very cold, you should dress warmly.