EF56 36 Class- say/tell, appositives

 

English Foundations 5/6

Good morning, everyone.

We will get started at 8:30

 

Al Haley ahaley@vsb.bc.ca

Class blog: haleyshec.blogspot.com

 

REVISIT Midterm recommendations if you would like

 

Today’s agenda

·      Say/Tell

·      much too adjective / too much noun

·      Sentence combining, appositives

·      Sheet 1 “Proofreading”

·      Begin “Penny in the Dust”

·      Replacement quiz- final (35 minutes of class)

·      HW   Sentence combining Sheet 2. Email me some of your

solutions. We can share them tomorrow.

 

Tuesday

·      Begin “Penny in the Dust”

·      Sentence combining Sheet 2

·      Listening exercise

·       

 

Wednesday

·      Continue “Penny in the Dust”

 

Thursday

·      Test – paragraph about “Penny in the Dust”

 

Friday and Monday are holidays- Good Friday and Easter Monday

 

Tuesday

·      Five-paragraph essay

·      First Nations module

 

Wednesday

·      Five-paragraph essay

·      First Nations module

 

Thursday

·      Final test

·      Review

 

Friday (final day)

·      Marks day

·      Final reports

 

 

Some exercises for homework.

1.    My lunch smells great. It is an onion and garlic sandwich.

ADJ CL My lunch which smells great is an onion and garlic sandwich.

APPOSITIVE My lunch, an onion and garlic sandwich, smells great.

 

2.    My son is an engineer. He will be moving to Toronto next week.

3.    Jessica is the youngest student in the class. She had the highest mark.

4.    The baby is six months old. He does not sleep well.

5.    Eileen is the marketing manager. She organized the ad campaign.

6.    The class was taught by Mrs. McKnight. She is a retired teacher.

7.    The car is a red convertible. It was speeding through the neighbourhood.

8.    Friends was an American situation comedy. It is very popular with ESL students.

9.    The Nakdong River is the longest river in Korea. It is over 500 km long.

10.                       English is the secondmost spoken language of the world. It is a challenging language to learn.

 

 

 

Say/Tell – similar meaning, different usage

 

*say (v) – noun clause or a quotation

Doris said that her car wouldn’t start this morning. noun clause

Doris said that she thought that it might be the battery. 2 n cl

Doris said 1that she thought 2that it might be the battery.

I think that my son doesn’t know how to wash dishes.

I think 1that my son doesn’t know 2how to wash dishes.

Doris said, “My car won’t start. I think it is the battery. I think it might be dead. I need a boost. My husband has jumper cables.”

NOTE: Connect negative to negative and positive to postitive. Red red. Black to black.

 

*told (v)- followed by a name or a pronoun

Doris told me that her car wouldn’t start this morning.

She told her husband to get his jumper cables out.

He told her that he would give her a boost in a few monutes.

Maria told Joan that she would give her her old phone.

 

ALTERNATIVE: Maria told said to Joan that she would give her her old phone.

told= said to (adds a preposition, direction)

 

say / told, say to

You said that you would take out out the garbage.

You told me that you would take out out the garbage.

You said to me that you would take out out the garbage.

 

I told you, “Don’t touch the hot frying pan.”

I told you not to touch the hot frying pan. I told you to not touch the hot frying pan.

 

not to touch = to not touch (less common)

 

I told you not to drink all that pop.

I told you, “Do not eat my chocolate. It is mine, not yours.”

 

My mother told me to do my homework.

My mother said that I should do my homework.

My mother, “Do your homework.”

 

CONFUSION

My mother said to me that you should do your homework. 3 people

FIX

My mother said to me that I should do my homework. 2 people

My mother said to me, “You should do your homework.” 2 people

 

                                     Who?

I said to / told my son that you must be polite at all times.

FIX

I said to / told my son that he must be polite at all times.

I said to / told my son, “You must be polite at all times.”

I told my son that his friends must take their shoes off when they come in.

come – simple present, every time, usually

 

In Japan, you always take your shoes off when you enter someone’s house.

 

In Canada, you might ask, “Shoes on? Shoes off?”

 

adj cl – where (place) followed by SV

Beijing is the city where Jun was born.

SHEC is the school where I study.

 

made out of – material

His bicycle is made out of aluminum and carbon fibre.

His shack is made out of driftwood. Castaway with Tom Hanks

 

made out of = made from = made of

made in  Her new computer was made in China.

His guitar was made in Saskatchewan.

 

The ice cream is mouthwatering. (adj)

 

On the wall in back of the counter is a large mirror and wooden shelves.

 

The mirror reflects the candy jars and glasses. Adds to the cheerful atmosphere of the shop. XXX

FIX

The mirror reflects the candy jars and glasses. This adds to the cheerful atmosphere of the shop. SIMPLES

The mirror reflects the candy jars and glasses, and this adds to the cheerful atmosphere of the shop. COMPOUND

The mirror reflects the candy jars and glasses which adds to the cheerful atmosphere of the shop. COMPLEX- ADJ CL

The mirror reflects the candy jars and glasses, adding to the cheerful atmosphere of the shop. FANCY

 

 

 

 

 

1.    My son, who is an engineer, will be moving to Toronto next week. ADJ CL

2.    My son, an engineer, will be moving to Toronto next week. APPOSITIVE

SPACE AFTER A COMMA

3.    Jessica, who is the youngest student in the class, had the highest mark.

4.    Jessica, the youngest student in the class, had the highest mark.

5.    The youngest student in the class, Jessica, had the highest mark.

 

6.    The baby who is six-month-old does not sleep well.

7.    The baby, a six-month-old, does not sleep well.

 

six months old -   one modifier, noun modifying a noun, so plural  - hyphen

a six-month-old (noun)

 

 

8.    Eileen, who is the marketing manager, organized the ad campaign.

9.    Eileen, the marketing manager, organized the ad campaign.

10.                       Mrs.McKnight who taught that class is a retired teacher. ADJ CL

11.                       The car that is a red convertible is speeding through the neighbourhood. ADJ CL

12.                       The car, a red convertible, is speeding through the neighbourhood.

13.                       Friends which is an American situation comedy is very popular with ESL students.

14.                       Friends, an American situation comedy, is very popular with ESL students.

sitcom

soap opera- daily TV drama, the story goes on for years, watched by homemakers

 

15.                       The Nakdong River, which is the longest river in Korea, is over 500km long.

16.                       The Nakdong River, the longest river in Korea, is over 500km long.

17.                       The longest river in Korea, (which is) the Nakdong River, is over 500km long.

adjective clauses and appositives are similar, grammar is different

 

18.                       English, which is the second-most spoken language of the world, is a challenging language to learn.

19.                       English, the second most spoken language of the world, is a challenging language to learn.

 

20.                       The car is a red convertible which was speeding through the neighbourhood.

21.                       Friends, an American situation comedy, is very popular with ESL students.

22.                       Friends, which is very popular with ESL students, was an American situation comedy.

23.                       The Nakdong River, which is over 500 km long, is the longest river in Korea.

24.                       The Nakdong River, the longest river in Korea, is over 500 km long.

 

 

REPLACEMENT QUIZ for the people who signed up for it.