Good evening, everybody.
We will get started at 7:00.
Cameras on. Mics muted.
Registration for September is now open!
https://moodle.vsb.bc.ca/fall.php
Classes in September are set to be in-person in-school.
REMINDER: I will be teaching EF6 in P1 and EF34 in P2.
CORE class (required) EF3 EF4 EF5 EF6
COMPANION class (extra) EF3/4Reading EF567Writing
There are cooling stations around Vancouver:
https://vancouver.ca/people-programs/hot-weather.aspx
If you are struggling with the heat, you can go there to
cool off.
Monday agenda
· First
Nations lecture
Tuesday agenda
·
We will not meet as a class.
·
Email me during class time and I will email you
back your final mark.
Confusion in the original schedule.
Wednesday agenda- final class (optional)
Lecture notes for First Nations
·
Starting
in May 2021
·
Unmarked
graves of First Nations have been found on the grounds of old Residential
Schools, 750+, probably hundreds and hundreds, thousands more across Canada
·
Residential
Schools all across Canada
https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/residential-schools-in-canada-interactive-map
·
Organized
by the Canadian government, run by the churches, piad for the government
·
150
000 First Nations kids were forcibly taken away from their families to
Residential Schools from 1860s to 1990s.
·
Focus
of BC new curriculum- First Nations
First Nations ways of knowing, culture,
history in Canada
e.g. First People’s
English 12
·
My
school experiences- none of the history, social studies,
The focus was
on Europeans, settlers, White men in Canada
male-centred,
Euro-centred
·
lots
of First Nations kids in my school, segregated
seemed normal
·
racism
towards First Nations people “Indians”
dismissive, belittling, negative
stereotypes
** Maybe tell these
stories
·
policy
at my university – have to finish your degree in seven years
student/ professor –led initiative to
change it to 10 yrs
·
racism
against First Nations – BCTF AGM story
700 teachers
“equity-seeking
groups” wanted representation
Overview - introduction
·
First
Nations -Who they are?
·
Small
groups
“What do you
know about First Nations people in Canada?”
Generate ideas on
LCD
·
First
Nations,
Inuit, and Métis peoples
constitute Indigenous Peoples in Canada, also called First Peoples. First Nations came
into common usage in the 1980s to replace the term ‘Indians’
·
Also called Aboriginal
·
First Nations- Indigenous people in the South
(below Arctic Circle). Half of all First Nations bands are in Ontario and BC.
·
Inuit are the Indigenous people who live in the North. Used to be called ‘Eskimo’-
disparaging term from French Esquimaux, from Montagnais ayas̆kimew ‘person who
laces a snowshoe’. Montagnais, or Innu, are the Indigenous inhabitants of an
area they refer to as Nitassinan, which comprises most of the northeastern
portion of the present-day province of Quebec and some eastern portions of Labrador.
Discredited etymology ‘raw fish eater’
Website: https://www.itk.ca/about-canadian-inuit/#nunangat
Show map: “Inuit Map”
·
Metis a person of mixed Indigenous and European
ancestry
1600s and 1700s - Fur trading European men came to hunt
animals, like beavers
In particular one of a group of such people who in the 19th
century constituted the so-called Metis nation in the areas around the Red and
Saskatchewan rivers. Metis comes from the French word ‘métis’,
which means ‘mixed’.
·
Talk about origin of the word ‘Indian’ due to
geographical misunderstanding
·
Where
did they come from?
·
First
Nations creation myths/ stories
myth – legend, fiction, story
Every group has a creation story/myth
Bible- Garden of Eden, Adam and Eve
Koran-
Greek myths –
Different First Nations have different
creation stories.
·
Read
“The Beginning of the Haidi Gwaii World” on LCD
·
Talk
about Raven
- prominent
role in the mythologies of the Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest
Coast, including the Tsimishians, Haidas, Heiltsuks, Tlingits, Kwakwaka'wakw,
Coast Salish, Koyukons, and Inuit. The raven in these indigenous peoples'
mythology is the Creator of the world, but it is also considered a trickster
god.
-two
different raven characters:
-the creator raven, responsible for bringing
the world into being and who is sometimes considered to be the individual who
brought light to the darkness
-the
childish raven, always selfish, sly, conniving, and hungry
·
Show
pictures “Raven1” “Raven2” “Raven and the First Men”
“Spirit of
Haida Gwaii”, other pictures
·
Different
First nations have different stories-
e.g.Micmac, Mi'kmaq, Glooscap
Very interesting
area of study – good choice First Peoples 10 and 12
We offer these
classes at South Hill – some students do both i.e. English 10 and First Peoples
10, English 12 and First Peoples 12.
·
Scientists-
science-
Archeological
theories about origins of First Nations
·
200
000 years ago, Homo Sapiens in Africa
·
60
000 years ago, humans leave Africa
50 000 years
ago reach Australia
·
Second
wave
35 000 years
ago reach Middle East and Central Asia
·
40
000 years ago into Europe
·
25
000 years ago- Ice Age, ice bridge between Russia and Alaska
·
15
000 years ago humans cross The Bering Strait into North America
·
Show
video “Map Shows How Humans Migrated Across the Globe” (2m30s)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CJdT6QcSbQ0&list=RDCJdT6QcSbQ0&start_radio=1
·
Explore
website, LCD http://firstpeoplesofcanada.com/fp_groups/fp_groups_origins.html
·
land
bridge from Asia to North America
MAYBE VIDEO https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M43TYldfqzc (4m-13m)
·
Atlantic
migration theory
·
First
Nations reactions to these scientific theories
Put like on Blog
Listen to audio (9m) EXCELLENT
Describe and summarize controversies,
competing theories for students
·
Another
article about Salutrian/Ice Bridge debate
http://www.cbc.ca/news/technology/ancient-toddler-s-remains-re-ignite-native-origins-debate-1.2534423
CONTACT
·
European
people came to North American in 1500s
·
cooperation-
settlers dying of scurvy, lack of Vitamin C
long-standing
problem for sailors
limey, pine
needle tea
·
Work
through timeline
https://aboriginalconnections.wordpress.com/teacher-resources/bc-first-nations-historical-timeline/
·
European
settlers wanted the land that First Nations lived on.
·
Put
First Nations on Reservations all over Canada
·
Many
First Nations used to be nomadic, travel, no set home
incompatible
with Western life
·
Reservations
often very poor land, poverty
·
European
settlers to North America pushed First Nations osf their land and forced them
to live on Reservations
·
Next
step was Residential schools
a way to get
rid of First Nations culture
·
Between
the 1860s and 1990s more than 150,000 First Nations, Inuit, and Métis children
were required to attend Indian Residential Schools, institutions operated by
religious organizations funded by the Federal Government.
·
The
Canadian government removed First Nation children from their families and
communities and placed them in these institutions.
·
The
families didn’t have a choice.
·
Many
children were inadequately fed, clothed and housed, and many were abused,
physically, emotionally and sexually. Their languages and cultural practices
were prohibited.
·
This
is where the unmarked graves come from. These are children who died while in
the schools.
There are so many questions about how
this happened.
How
did this happen?
How
did these children die?
Why?
How
could this have happened in Canada?
** The intention
of the Residential Schools was to break the link between the children and their
culture and families. The children were being trained to be workers, i.e.
maids, labourers, cleaners.
So mant children
dies because they were not cared for properly and often abused.
·
https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/duncan-campbell-scott
OTHER RESOURCES
http://www.fnesc.ca/learningfirstpeoples/
https://www.ece.gov.nt.ca/files/Early-Childhood/ns_-_residential_schools_resource_-_second_edition.pdf
http://www.fnesc.ca/wp/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/PUB-LFP-IRSR-11-12-Pt1-2015-07-WEB.pdf
http://www.fnesc.ca/wp/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/PUB-LFP-IRSR11-12-DE-Pt2-2015-07-WEB.pdf
http://www.fnesc.ca/grade-11-12-indian-residential-schools-and-reconciliation/
·
VIDEO
“Where Are the Children? Healing the Legacy of the Residential Schools”
https://vimeo.com/27172950 (25m)
GO OVER THIS WEBSITE ON LCD
·
http://www.anishinabek.ca/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/An-Overview-of-the-IRS-System-Booklet.pdf
·
Introduction
to Truth and Reconciliation Commission, Residential Schools
·
National
Centre for Truth and Reconciliation
Opening
ceremony:
http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/manitoba/national-centre-truth-reconciliation-winnipeg-1.3301305
·
EXPLORE
Website:
GOOD PLACE TO START
·
http://wherearethechildren.ca/en
Explore
together
Walk through
Timeline
* Choose one of the stories. Listen or read
the transcript.
Didn’t this happen
long ago in the past?
The last Residential
School closed in 1996.
intergenerational
trauma – the suffering and pain is passed down to the next generation
NOTE: I am not an
expert on this. I know what I know from listening to survivors of Residential
Schools. I have been fortunate to listen to many survivors of Residential
Schools. Also I read books about this.
Please take what
I told you as a starting point. You can read and learn more on your own.
Great hope for
the future. e.g. Mamilaaq Qaqqaq.
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