Monday, 28 June 2021

EF34 7pm June28

 

Good evening, everybody.

We will get started at 7:00.

Cameras on. Mics muted.

 

Registration for September is now open!

https://moodle.vsb.bc.ca/fall.php

Classes in September are set to be in-person in-school.

 

REMINDER: I will be teaching EF6 in P1 and EF34 in P2.

 

CORE class (required)            EF3 EF4  EF5   EF6

COMPANION class (extra)    EF3/4Reading   EF567Writing

 

There are cooling stations around Vancouver:

https://vancouver.ca/people-programs/hot-weather.aspx

If you are struggling with the heat, you can go there to cool off.

 

Monday agenda

·      First Nations lecture

 

Tuesday agenda

·      We will not meet as a class.

·      Email me during class time and I will email you back your final mark.

 

Confusion in the original schedule.

Wednesday agenda- final class (optional)

·      Open class- I will log in at 7. I will be happy to answer any questions you have about grammar, English, whatever.

 

Lecture notes for First Nations

 

·      Starting in May 2021

·      Unmarked graves of First Nations have been found on the grounds of old Residential Schools, 750+, probably hundreds and hundreds, thousands more across Canada

·      Residential Schools all across Canada

https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/residential-schools-in-canada-interactive-map

·      Organized by the Canadian government, run by the churches, piad for the government

·      150 000 First Nations kids were forcibly taken away from their families to Residential Schools from 1860s to 1990s.

 

·      Focus of BC new curriculum- First Nations

First Nations ways of knowing, culture, history in Canada

e.g. First People’s English 12

 

·      My school experiences- none of the history, social studies,

The focus was on Europeans, settlers, White men in Canada

male-centred, Euro-centred

 

·      lots of First Nations kids in my school, segregated

seemed normal

 

·      racism towards First Nations people “Indians”

dismissive, belittling, negative stereotypes

 

 

** Maybe tell these stories

·      policy at my university – have to finish your degree in seven years

student/ professor –led initiative to change it to 10 yrs

 

·      racism against First Nations – BCTF AGM story

700 teachers

“equity-seeking groups” wanted representation

 

Overview - introduction

·      First Nations -Who they are?

·      Small groups

“What do you know about First Nations people in Canada?”

Generate ideas on LCD

 

·      First Nations, Inuit, and Métis peoples constitute Indigenous Peoples in Canada, also called First Peoples. First Nations came into common usage in the 1980s to replace the term ‘Indians’

·      Also called Aboriginal

·      First Nations- Indigenous people in the South (below Arctic Circle). Half of all First Nations bands are in Ontario and BC.

·      Inuit are the Indigenous people who live in the North. Used to be called ‘Eskimo’- disparaging term from French Esquimaux, from Montagnais ayas̆kimew ‘person who laces a snowshoe’. Montagnais, or Innu, are the Indigenous inhabitants of an area they refer to as Nitassinan, which comprises most of the northeastern portion of the present-day province of Quebec and some eastern portions of Labrador.

Discredited etymology ‘raw fish eater’

Website: https://www.itk.ca/about-canadian-inuit/#nunangat

Show map: “Inuit Map”

·      Metis a person of mixed Indigenous and European ancestry

1600s and 1700s - Fur trading European men came to hunt animals, like beavers

In particular one of a group of such people who in the 19th century constituted the so-called Metis nation in the areas around the Red and Saskatchewan rivers. Metis comes from the French word ‘métis’, which means ‘mixed’.

·      Talk about origin of the word ‘Indian’ due to geographical misunderstanding

 

 

·      Where did they come from?

·      First Nations creation myths/ stories

myth – legend, fiction, story

Every group has a creation story/myth

Bible- Garden of Eden, Adam and Eve

Koran-

Greek myths –

 

Different First Nations have different creation stories.

 

·      Read “The Beginning of the Haidi Gwaii World” on LCD

 

·      Talk about Raven

- prominent role in the mythologies of the Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast, including the Tsimishians, Haidas, Heiltsuks, Tlingits, Kwakwaka'wakw, Coast Salish, Koyukons, and Inuit. The raven in these indigenous peoples' mythology is the Creator of the world, but it is also considered a trickster god.

-two different raven characters:

-the creator raven, responsible for bringing the world into being and who is sometimes considered to be the individual who brought light to the darkness

-the childish raven, always selfish, sly, conniving, and hungry

 

·      Show pictures “Raven1” “Raven2” “Raven and the First Men”

“Spirit of Haida Gwaii”, other pictures

·      Different First nations have different stories-

e.g.Micmac, Mi'kmaq, Glooscap

 

Very interesting area of study – good choice First Peoples 10 and 12

We offer these classes at South Hill – some students do both i.e. English 10 and First Peoples 10, English 12 and First Peoples 12.

 

·      Scientists- science-

Archeological theories about origins of First Nations

 

·      200 000 years ago, Homo Sapiens in Africa

·      60 000 years ago, humans leave Africa

50 000 years ago reach Australia

·      Second wave

35 000 years ago reach Middle East and Central Asia

·      40 000 years ago into Europe

·      25 000 years ago- Ice Age, ice bridge between Russia and Alaska

·      15 000 years ago humans cross The Bering Strait into North America

·      Show video “Map Shows How Humans Migrated Across the Globe” (2m30s)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CJdT6QcSbQ0&list=RDCJdT6QcSbQ0&start_radio=1

 

·      Explore website, LCD http://firstpeoplesofcanada.com/fp_groups/fp_groups_origins.html

·      land bridge from Asia to North America

 

MAYBE VIDEO https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M43TYldfqzc (4m-13m)

 

·      Atlantic migration theory

 

·      First Nations reactions to these scientific theories

http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/bc-indigenous-communities-react-to-the-resurfacing-of-two-migration-theories-1.4479632

Put like on Blog

Listen to audio (9m) EXCELLENT

Describe and summarize controversies, competing theories for students

 

·      Another article about Salutrian/Ice Bridge debate

http://www.cbc.ca/news/technology/ancient-toddler-s-remains-re-ignite-native-origins-debate-1.2534423

 

 

CONTACT

·      European people came to North American in 1500s

·      cooperation- settlers dying of scurvy, lack of Vitamin C

long-standing problem for sailors

limey, pine needle tea

 

·      Work through timeline

https://aboriginalconnections.wordpress.com/teacher-resources/bc-first-nations-historical-timeline/

 

·      European settlers wanted the land that First Nations lived on.

·      Put First Nations on Reservations all over Canada

·      Many First Nations used to be nomadic, travel, no set home

incompatible with Western life

·      Reservations often very poor land, poverty

 

·      European settlers to North America pushed First Nations osf their land and forced them to live on Reservations

·      Next step was Residential schools

a way to get rid of First Nations culture

·      Between the 1860s and 1990s more than 150,000 First Nations, Inuit, and Métis children were required to attend Indian Residential Schools, institutions operated by religious organizations funded by the Federal Government.

·      The Canadian government removed First Nation children from their families and communities and placed them in these institutions.

·      The families didn’t have a choice.

·      Many children were inadequately fed, clothed and housed, and many were abused, physically, emotionally and sexually. Their languages and cultural practices were prohibited.

 

·      This is where the unmarked graves come from. These are children who died while in the schools.

There are so many questions about how this happened.

How did this happen?

How did these children die?

Why?

How could this have happened in Canada?

 

** The intention of the Residential Schools was to break the link between the children and their culture and families. The children were being trained to be workers, i.e. maids, labourers, cleaners.

So mant children dies because they were not cared for properly and often abused.

 

·      https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/duncan-campbell-scott

 

 

OTHER RESOURCES

http://www.fnesc.ca/learningfirstpeoples/

 

https://www.ece.gov.nt.ca/files/Early-Childhood/ns_-_residential_schools_resource_-_second_edition.pdf

 

http://www.fnesc.ca/wp/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/PUB-LFP-IRSR-11-12-Pt1-2015-07-WEB.pdf

 

http://www.fnesc.ca/wp/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/PUB-LFP-IRSR11-12-DE-Pt2-2015-07-WEB.pdf

 

http://www.fnesc.ca/grade-11-12-indian-residential-schools-and-reconciliation/

 

 

 

·      VIDEO “Where Are the Children? Healing the Legacy of the Residential Schools”

https://vimeo.com/27172950 (25m)

 

 

GO OVER THIS WEBSITE ON LCD

·      http://www.anishinabek.ca/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/An-Overview-of-the-IRS-System-Booklet.pdf

 

·      Introduction to Truth and Reconciliation Commission, Residential Schools

 

·      National Centre for Truth and Reconciliation

Opening ceremony:

http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/manitoba/national-centre-truth-reconciliation-winnipeg-1.3301305

 

·      EXPLORE Website:

http://umanitoba.ca/nctr/

 

GOOD PLACE TO START

·      http://wherearethechildren.ca/en

Explore together

Walk through Timeline

 

* Choose one of the stories. Listen or read the transcript.

 

 

Didn’t this happen long ago in the past?

The last Residential School closed in 1996.

 

intergenerational trauma – the suffering and pain is passed down to the next generation

 

 

NOTE: I am not an expert on this. I know what I know from listening to survivors of Residential Schools. I have been fortunate to listen to many survivors of Residential Schools. Also I read books about this.

Please take what I told you as a starting point. You can read and learn more on your own.

 

 

Great hope for the future. e.g. Mamilaaq Qaqqaq.

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