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Focus of BC new curriculum- First Nations
First Nations ways of knowing, culture, history in Canada
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My school experiences- none of the history, social studies, literature, science focused on First Nations
The focus was on Europeans, settlers, White men in Canada
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male-centred, Euro-centred
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FLESH OUT
racism towards First Nations people
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Tell this story
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policy at my university – have to finish your degree in seven years
student/ professor –led initiative to change it to 10 yrs
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First Contact Canada
http://aptn.ca/firstcontact/
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First Nations -Who they are?
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Small groups
“What do you know about First Nations people in Canada?”
Generate ideas on LCD
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First Nations, Inuit, and Métis peoples constitute Indigenous peoples in Canada, also called First Peoples. First Nations came into common usage in the 1980s to replace the term Indians
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Aboriginal
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First Nations- Indigenous people in the South (below Arctic Circle). Half of all First Nations bands are in Ontario and BC.
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Inuit are the Indigenous people who live in the North. Used to be called ‘Eskimo’- disparaging term from French Esquimaux, from Montagnais ayas̆kimew ‘person who laces a snowshoe’. Montagnais, or Innu, are the Indigenous inhabitants of an area they refer to as Nitassinan, which comprises most of the northeastern portion of the present-day province of Quebec and some eastern portions of Labrador.
Discredited etymology ‘ raw fish eater’
Website: https://www.itk.ca/about-canadian-inuit/#nunangat
Show map: “Inuit Map”
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Metis a person of mixed indigenous and Euro-American ancestry, in particular one of a group of such people who in the 19th century constituted the so-called Metis nation in the areas around the Red and Saskatchewan rivers. Metis comes from the French word ‘métis’, which means ‘mixed’.
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Talk about origin of the word ‘Indian’ due to geographical misunderstanding
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Where did they come from?
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First Nations creation myths/ stories
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Read “The Beginning of the HaidiGwaii World” on LCD
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Talk about Raven
- prominent role in the mythologies of the Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast, including the Tsimishians, Haidas, Heiltsuks, Tlingits, Kwakwaka'wakw, Coast Salish, Koyukons, and Inuit. The raven in these indigenous peoples' mythology is the Creator of the world, but it is also considered a trickster god.
-two different raven characters:
-the creator raven, responsible for bringing the world into being and who is sometimes considered to be the individual who brought light to the darkness
-the childish raven, always selfish, sly, conniving, and hungry
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Show pictures “Raven1” “Raven2” “Raven and the First Men”
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Archeological theories about origins of First Nations
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200 000 years ago, Homo Sapiens in Africa
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60 000 years ago, humans leave Africa
50 000 years ago reach Australia
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Second wave
35 000 years ago reach Middle East and Central Asia
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40 000 years ago into Europe
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25 000 years ago- Ice Age, ice bridge between Russia and Alaska
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15 000 years ago humans cross The Bering Strait into North America
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Show video “Map Shows How Humans Migrated Across the Globe” (2m30s)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CJdT6QcSbQ0&list=RDCJdT6QcSbQ0&start_radio=1
Explore website, LCD http://firstpeoplesofcanada.com/fp_groups/fp_groups_origins.html
talk about land bridge
MAYBE VIDEO https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M43TYldfqzc (4m-13m)
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Atlantic migration theory
Talk about
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First Nations reactions to these scientific theories
http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/bc-indigenous-communities-react-to-the-resurfacing-of-two-migration-theories-1.4479632
Put like on Blog
Listen to audio (9m) EXCELLENT
Describe and summarize controversies, competing theories for students
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Another article about Salutrian/Ice Bridge debate
http://www.cbc.ca/news/technology/ancient-toddler-s-remains-re-ignite-native-origins-debate-1.2534423
CONTACT
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cooperation- settlers dying of scurvy, lack of Vitamin C
long-standing problem for sailors
limey, pine needle tea
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Work through timeline
https://aboriginalconnections.wordpress.com/teacher-resources/bc-first-nations-historical-timeline/
FLESH OUT Treatment of FN- blanket ceremony information
XXX
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Residential schools
Talk about
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Between the 1860s and 1990s more than 150,000 First Nations, Inuit, and Métis children were required to attend Indian Residential Schools, institutions operated by religious organizations funded by the Federal Government.
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The Canadian government removed First Nation children from their families and communities and placed them in these institutions.
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Many children were inadequately fed, clothed and housed, and many were abused, physically, emotionally and sexually. Their languages and cultural practices were prohibited.
TEACHERRESOURCES
http://www.fnesc.ca/learningfirstpeoples/
https://www.ece.gov.nt.ca/files/Early-Childhood/ns_-_residential_schools_resource_-_second_edition.pdf
http://www.fnesc.ca/wp/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/PUB-LFP-IRSR-11-12-Pt1-2015-07-WEB.pdf
http://www.fnesc.ca/wp/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/PUB-LFP-IRSR11-12-DE-Pt2-2015-07-WEB.pdf
http://www.fnesc.ca/grade-11-12-indian-residential-schools-and-reconciliation/
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VIDEO “Where Are the Children? Healing the Legacy of the Residential Schools”
https://vimeo.com/27172950 (25m)
GO OVER THIS WEBSITE ON LCD
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http://www.anishinabek.ca/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/An-Overview-of-the-IRS-System-Booklet.pdf
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Introduction to Truth and Reconciliation Commission, Residential Schools
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National Centre for Truth and Reconciliation
Opening ceremony:
http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/manitoba/national-centre-truth-reconciliation-winnipeg-1.3301305
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EXPLORE Website:
http://umanitoba.ca/nctr/
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http://wherearethechildren.ca/en
Explore together
Walk through Timeline
Choose one of the stories. Listen or read the transcript, make notes.
Indian Horse Ch 11-12? photocopy and read together
***
LOTS OF RESOURCES
SURVIVOR TESTIMONY:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wjrZpCJtNYk
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vn6jbkPgTzM
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Distribute “ConnieWalkerQuestions”, p.c.
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LISTEN (13m56s)
http://www.cbc.ca/radio/backstory/connie-walker-and-the-first-hand-legacy-of-residential-schools-1.3359153
OR
http://www.cbc.ca/player/play/2680244159/
OR
“ConnieWalker.mp3”
Students listen and make notes
Afterward, get into small groups and compare notes.
Discuss as a class.
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LISTEN to poem “MONSTER”, p.c. (3m,16s)
https://soundcloud.com/cbc-radio-one/i-hate-you-residential-school
OR
http://www.cbc.ca/radio/thecurrent/apr-3-2014-1.2908353/monster-by-poet-dennis-saddleman-i-hate-you-residential-school-i-hate-you-1.2908356
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Highlights from TRC:
http://www.huffingtonpost.ca/2015/12/15/highlights-from-the-report-of-the-truth-and-reconciliation-commission-report_n_8812426.html
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“MyLittleResidentialSchoolSuitcase”, p.c.
Read aloud, discuss
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Explain Gord Downey
The Sacred Path
https://www.downiewenjack.ca/
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“colonialism”, p.c.
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“’Totem’ Module”
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DON’T TEACH Rita Joe “I Lost My Talk”
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“Two-Spirit” “Chrytos”
“Unentitled” from here:
http://www.sfu.ca/lovemotherearth/02poetry/tea_and_bannock.pdf
THIS PART DONE
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Appropriation of First Nations culture
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Explain meaning of ‘cultural appropriation’
Gucci turban
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Talk about 2015 Miss Canada dress
https://natalieast.com/miss-universe-canadas-national-costume-cultural-appropriation/
Show pics “Miss Canada 1,2”
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Other examples of a appropriation of First Nations culture- music festivals
Show pics “Headdress1,2,3” “Costume1”
Show video “Headdress- A filmmaker recreates her great-grandfather’s portrait” (5m,43s)
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http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/british-columbia/bc-women-searches-for-stolen-regalia-prince-george-1.4692057
The future of FN
https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/manitoba/youth-incarcerated-indigenous-half-1.4720019
“ForthisArcticstudent”, p.c. “JasmineKegel”pic
http://www.cbc.ca/radio/nowornever/out-with-the-old-1.4470167/indigenous-releasing-ceremony-treats-trauma-and-mental-health-issues-1.4475378
http://www.cbc.ca/radio/thesundayedition/the-sunday-edition-january-7-2018-1.4474395/meet-the-brave-women-patrolling-regina-s-toughest-neighbourhood-1.4474407
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“My Moccasins Have Not Walked” w