Today’s agenda
·
Attendance
·
Presentation emails
I responded “Thanks. Good. Allan”
If you didn’t get that, let me know if you
sent the email properly.
Next thing- Friday- check-in on your
progress, what you have done so far
·
Continue adjective clauses
Start practice
·
Work on spoken presentations
·
LEFTOVER Verb Tense exercises- Test B 1-20
Wednesday
·
Continue adjective clauses-
restrictive and non-restrictive clauses
essential and non-essential clauses
·
Thursday
·
Continue adjective clauses-
subject and object pronouns
·
**
FOCUS ON HIGH-FREQUENCY WORDS: who that which – 95%
of the time
*who – used for people, any people, sounds nice, sounds
polite and respectful, you can use it for all people
*that- things that are not alive, animals, people (sounds a
little disrespectful, sounds like you don’t like that person)
SUBTLETY IN ENGLISH, signal your opinion of a person:
The guy that my sister married is a creep. adjective
clause
VOCAB creep(n)- a weirdo, a man who gives you a weird
negative feeling, makes you feel uncomfortable
The man who my other sister married is awesome. adjective
clause
That people that did not respect me are now out of my
life.
The people who are my true friends will always be
with me.
‘that’ -tricky word in English, many uses in English
adjective clauses & noun clauses & pronoun
Who is that? Not an adjective clause, sounds polite
Who is that woman you were talking to?
That is a beautiful baby!
Is that your son? -sounds ok
She said that she would come to the party. Noun
Clause
He bought a car that runs on electricity. Adjective
Clause
that- confusing word, used different ways
adj cl
n cl
pronoun
She said that that pen that she bought is
nice. adjective clause noun clause pronoun
Same meaning, easier to understand:
She said the pen that she bought is nice.
*which- special things (special to you), unique things
This is a watch that I bought last week on Amazon.
not special, just a watch
I really like the watch which my dad gave me for my 18th
birthday. special
She has a diamond wedding ring which her husband gave
her.
wedding ring – which
bracelet- jewelry for your wrist
necklace
anklet- jewelry for your ankle
ring
necklace that your grandmother gave you – which
The prisoner was in handcuffs and shackles.
The ex-con had an ankle monitor.
ex- former, previous
ex-husband, ex-wife
con- a person who is in jail, convict(noun)
She is a convicted murderer. She is a convict.
He is a prisoner-of-conscience.
Amnesty International
toothbrush – that
glasses- that
gem stone- emerald, ruby, diamond
*which – special things, unique things
special things- You decide if it is special to you.
I have a silver ring which my son gave me. a special
thing to me
She has a necklace which her son made for her.
Mei is wearing the jade necklace which her grandmother
gave to her.
Shirin is wearing the jade necklace that her grandmother
gave to her. (sounds like a regular necklace, not special)
Clara put the picture which her son painted for her
up on the fridge.
*unique things- only one in the world
Beijing, which is the capital of China, hosted the
2022 Olympic Summer Games. unique
GOOD RULE OF THUMB: only one, put commas around it
Edmonton, which has a huge indoor mall, is in northern
Alberta.
She lived in Tehran, which is the capitol of Iran.
She lived in Tehran. It is the capitol of Iran. 2
SIMPLE SENT
Marta visited the Eiffel Tower, which is in Paris.
Marta visited the Eiffel Tower that is in Paris. XXX
sounds like there are several Eiffel Towers
We went to a Starbucks that was open late.
We went to the Starbucks in Seattle, which was/is the first
one to open.
He climbed the Himilayas, which is the tallest mountain range
in the world.
She climbed a mountain peak that is close to her house in
North Van.
She climbed to the Lions, which are in North Van.
IDIOM Twins run
in families.
Diabetes runs
in my family.
twins, triplets, quadruplets, quintuplets, octuplets
The CN Tower, which is in Toronto, has the Edgewalk.
Marta visited the Starbucks that/which is on Robson
Street.
She saw the Rocky Mountains, which are on the border of BC
and Alberta.
Every Saturday, he climbs (up) the mountain that is next to
his house.
The little girl climbed up a tree.
She climbed the corporate ladder. She was stopped by a glass
ceiling.
systemic problem-
REVIEW
who-people
that-things, animals
which- special things, unique things
Adjective Clauses – Exercises
Exercise A
Complete each adjective clause with 'who', 'that', or
'which'. Write your sentences on your own paper.
1. The cat that is sitting on the windowsill is very
cute.
2. The book that/which I borrowed from the library is
excellent.
3. The student who handed in the report late apologized
sincerely.
4. The house that/which has the big garden is for
sale.
5. My best friend, who is a doctor, is coming over.
Why commas? one friend- best friend
TOMORROW- restrictive and non-restrictive clauses
My best friend is coming over who is a doctor.
too far away
6. This is the person who/that-not as polite lost the
keys.
7. The kids who were playing outside came inside when
it started raining/ to rain.
8. My oldest friend, who lives in New York, is
visiting next week.
my oldest friend- been friends the longest
9. We decided to try the restaurant that/which has great
reviews.
10. The package that was supposed to be delivered
yesterday finally arrived.
B. Combine the sentences using an adjective clause using
'who', 'that' or 'which'. Write your sentences on your own paper.
1. Mary is my friend. She lives next door.
2. The movie was boring. We watched it last night.
3. The girl has a dog. Her dog won a prize.
4. The car is blue. My brother bought it.
5. The girl is playing the piano. She is my sister.
The girl is playing the piano who is my sister.
misplaced modifier
The girl who is my sister is playing the piano.
ALTERATIVES/OPTIONS
The girl who is my sister is playing the piano.
The girl who is playing the piano is my sister.
The girl is my sister who is playing the piano.
AWKWARD
**
Commas around adjective clauses
Her sister who lives in Edmonton is a nurse. has 2+ sister
Her sister, who lives in Edmonton, is a nurse. has one sister
Are the meanings the same? No
commas- breath mark, slight pause
We study at South Hill, which is on Fraser Street.
We study at a school that is on Fraser Street.
MISPLACED MODIFIER
I gave a table that has wooden legs to my sister that
has wooden legs.
6. Jun bought a shirt. It is too small.
Jun bought a shirt that is too small.
The shirt that Jun bought is too small.
7. I visited a city. It has a famous cathedral.
I visited a city that/which has a famous cathedral.
8. The chicken was salty. We barbecued it yesterday.
The chicken was salty that we barbecued yesterday. XXX
The chicken that we barbecued yesterday was salty.
The chicken, which we barbecued yesterday, was salty.
special chicken
**
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