Comm 11/12 Adv cl quiz

1.    because      typical

Her son sleeps late because he is a typical teenager.

Because her son is a typical teenager, so he sleeps late. XXX

because -complex sentence

so - compound sentence

Because her son is a typical teenager, he sleeps late. COMPLEX

Her son is a typical teenager, so he sleeps late.

COMPOUND

2.    if                 knowledge

If you are knowledge, you will pass the exam.

knowledge (n)

If you are knowledgeable, you will pass the exam.

If you have knowledge, you will pass the exam.

You are tall. (adj)

3.    when          math

4.    after            school

5.    whenever   home

Whenever I get home late, my mother is worried.

6.    since           immigrated

We have lived in Canada since we immigrated in 2001.

7.    while                   reading

8.    although    late

9.    so...that      busy

His coffee business is so popular that he is busy seven days a week. 

10. as...as        tall

EF 4/5 Compound sentences ;

She likes coffee, but I like tea.

She likes coffee; I like tea.

; = semicolon

therefore
however
moreover
on the other hand
nevertheless

She likes coffee; however, I like tea.

She likes coffee. However, I like tea.

EF4/5 Compound sentences - exercises

4. I wanted to buy a Groodle puppy, so I started to 

save my money.

Groodle = a mix of poodle and golden retriever

8. You can complain all day long. You can do 

your work.

You can complain all day long, or you can do 

your work.

Every jobsite has a complainer. They are always 

bellyaching.

12. I was not very hungry. I ate six cookies.

I was not very hungry, but I ate six cookies.

I was not very hungry, so I ate six cookies.

I was not very hungry, for I ate six cookies.

18. I didn’t do my homework. I feel like I

let myself down.

I didn’t do my homework, so I feel like I

let myself down.

I didn’t do my homework, and I feel like I

let myself down. Almost always possible to say 

'and'

Comm 11/12 adjective clauses

adjective clauses- fairly complex

adjectives = describe nouns colour, size, age
The green car is mine.

nouns function as adjective
The green fibreglass car is mine.

The store is open.
The new store is open.
The grocery store is open.

The book store is closed.

nouns acting as adjective don't take an 's'

The six years old girl is very happy. XXX

The six-year-old girl is very happy.

hyphen -


This class is nine weeks long.
This is a nine weeks class. XXX
This is a nine-week class.


adjective clause SV
who - people
that - everything
which - things that not alive, also if there only one

The  iphone which / that is on the table is blue.
My grandmother's wedding ring which is gold is very small.
Beijing which is the capital of China is a huge city.

The girl who is standing by the tree is my sister.

Joe has a car that has 19" wheels.

who, that, which - subject pronoun

Sarah has a dog that has white paws.

Sarah has a dog that she loves. object pronoun
Sarah has a dog that she loves.
Sarah has a dog she loves. authentic English

Sarah has a sister that she loves.
Sarah has a sister who she loves.
Sarah has a sister she loves.
Sarah has a sister whom she loves.

whom is for object pronoun
TRUTH- nobody says 'whom'
'who' is fine
'whom' is extremely formal, very low frequency

NATURAL SOUNDING
The girl that I was talking to is my sister.
The girl I was talking to is my sister.
The girl who I was talking to is my sister.

UNNATURAL SOUNDING
The girl whom I was talking to is my sister.
grammar book English

The girl whom I was talking to is my sister.
grammar book English. 

My old grammar teacher said, "Never end a clause with a preposition."
The girl to whom I was talking is my sister.
grammar book English- every formal English


phrasal verbs
talk to
talk with
talk about
talk for
talk over

whom - use in this convention
To whom it may concern,


To who it may concern, XXX

Tomorrow:

The girl who I was talking to is my sister.

The girl, who I was talking to, is my sister.

EF 4/5 Weather video

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h1eRp0EGOmE

EF4/5 Simple sentence quiz

Write a simple sentence for each word:
1. money
He earns some money at his part-time job.

2. coin
The coin is square.
The old coin is made of silver.
The coins are different sizes.

3. government
4. happiness (n)
Happiness is hard to find.
She wants to have happiness in her life.
He found happiness in his children.
My happiness is planting trees.

5. country
6. immigrated (v)
My sister immigrated to England two years ago.
immigrant She is an immigrant to England.
immigration Immigration takes a long time.
People immigrate.
Animals migrate.
150 years ago, people in Canada started to move from the countryside to the city.

7. bought
8. printing
We are printing the school newspaper tomorrow afternoon.

9. education
Education is very important for us.

10. study

Comm 11/12 Adverb clauses

because
if 
when

even if / if

She will come to your party if you invite her.
inference If you don't invite her, she won't come.

She will come to your party even if you don't invite her.

LOGIC

A                                B               B affects A

We will stay home if it rains.

A                                B               B doesn't affect A

We will stay home even if it is sunny.

provided that = fancy 'if' for important things

We can go grab a coffee if you have time.

You can get married provided that you love each other.

She will become a Canadian citizen provided that she meets the criteria.

though / although/ even though

in order that / so that

Maria is saving money so that she go to The Philippines for Xmas.

Maria is saving money in order that she go to The Philippines for Xmas.

in order that - not high frequency

in order to - very high frequency

Maria is saving money in order that she can go to The Philippines for Xmas.

Maria is saving money in order to she can go to The Philippines for Xmas.

Maria is saving money in order to go to The Philippines for Xmas.

MODALS / MODAL AUXILIARIES

can

may

could

would

should

must

might

will

shall - very low frequency

have to

need to

ought to

be going to

be able to

have got to

be used to

as though

She spends money as though she were a millionaire.

If I won the lottery, I would buy a solid gold toothbrush.

subjunctive mood - dreaming, not true

If she were a doctor, she would be happy.

He eats as if he were born in a cave.

so ... that

It is so cold that we have to start a fire.

She is so tall that she has trouble buying clothes.

That puppy is so cute that I want to pat it.

That puppy is very / really / pretty / super (slang) cute.

The movie was pretty good. It was super good.

It was awesome.

awe (n)= deep deep wonder

Wow!

... ellipsis ...    ....... NOT ENGLISH

as ... as

as tall as

She is as tall as her mother (is).

similes - comparison between two things, using 'like' or 'as'

She is as tall as a tree.

He is as deaf as a post.

He is as blind as a bat.

My grandmother is as old as the hills.

She is as quiet as a mouse. She is silent. She is reticent.

My grandfather was as hard as nails.

Her son is as thin as a dime.

For quiz tomorrow:

because

if

when

after

before

whenever

since

while

although/though/even though

even if

provided that

so that

so...that

as...as