Hello everyone.
This is the intermediate/advanced sentence writing tutorial,
week 2 of 8.
We will get started at 4:45.
Agenda:
·
Review main and subordinate clauses (from last
week)
·
Overview of four sentence types
·
IF TIME Simple sentences
Homework Exercises- main and
subordinate clauses
1.
The need is clear. -Main clause = simple sentence
2.
if you insist -Subordinate clause
I will do it if
you insist. adding a main clause
3.
whenever Heiman arrives -Subordinate clause
4.
so that you'll be ready -S
5.
provided that it is blue -S
6.
Sit closer. – M
Simple sentence-
Imperative (command, tell someone to do something)
e.g. You
Close the window, please. implied subject You
we imply the subject, we don’t say it
Sit down. Come in.
Be careful.
7.
since you had the counselling – S
You have been
happier since you had the counselling. – add a main clause
8.
Are you confused? -Main clause- simple sentence,
interrogative (question)
**If you can’t
hear me, make sure your speakers are on.
9.
where Nolan was going
10.
she was correct - M
11.
stop laughing - M
12.
without you, it's
impossible -M
13.
sam is -M
14.
unless it stops
raining -S
15.
as long as you are
sure -S
16.
of course they know -M
Of course, they know. They know, of course.
17.
even though it
wasn't the right one -S
18.
where is the snake slithering -S
19.
because you are
clever -S
20.
if I were as good-looking
as you -S
Taken from Know More English, Prentice Hall
Canada, 1998
“Intro to sentence types-tutorial”
These are the
sentence types that I will be teaching you- next numner of weeks.
-lots of detail
Some of this you
will already know. A lot of it will be new.
I will try to go
deep into the sentence types.
Four sentence
types:
SIMPLE
COMPOUND
COMPLEX
COMPOUND COMPLEX
These are the foundations
for all of your writing. When I write I use these sentence types.
-good for school,
college, work, life
SIMPLE – one main
clause = subject + verb
The dog is sleeping. SV Subject Verb- easiest kind of
sentence
My car is red.
The dog
and the cat are sleeping. SSV
Doctors and nurses are struggling
with Covid19. SSV
North Vancouver and Chiba, Japan are
sister cities. SSV
The kids are running and are yelling. SVV
Mariko is working parttime and studying at Langara. SVV
Mariko is working parttime days in
Metrotown at a jewelery store and studying
third-year biology at Langara in the evenings. SVV
You and I drink coffee
and talk / chew the fat. SSVV
chew the fat-
talk casually, gossip
My son and
I like to walk around the park and chew the fat. SSVV
SIMPLE SENTENCES
- no commas SV SSV SVV
SSVV
My son and
I like to walk around the park, and
chew the fat. XXX
My son, and
I like to walk around the park, and
chew the fat. XXX
My son and
I like to walk around the park and chew the fat.
Imperative –
command Close the door! Stop making so much noise.
Come in. Sit down. Watch out.
You sit down. XXZX
You sit down.
Sit down! exclamation mark ! - shows energy, makes it sound loud
!! – overused, MY
ADVICE- avoid them in school writing
Great.
Great!
Great !!! XXX Ok
for casual writing, not for serious school writing or business writing
Interrogative –
question
Is it going to
rain today?
How are you?
What time is it?
Is that your
phone?
REVIEW:
SIMPLE- SV SSV
SVV SSVV Imperative
Interrogative
We will do more
on simple sentences next week.
COMPOUND – two main
clauses put together, two simple sentences put together
7 coordinating
conjunctions FANBOYS
, FANBOYS for
and nor but or yet so
4 most important ,
SOBA so or but and
The dog is
sleeping. The cat is awake. 2 simple sentences
Join together
with , SOBA
The dog is
sleeping JOIN the cat is awake.
What is the best
word to use? so or but and
, but
The dog is sleeping, but the cat is awake. Compound sentence
*You need the
comma. , but
Canadian residents are becoming much more relaxed about
Covid transmission. They should
be aware of rising numbers. 2 SIMPLES
Join them
together with , SOBA
Canadian residents are becoming much more relaxed about
Covid transmission, but they should be aware of rising numbers. COMPOUND
MODEL FOR COMPOUND
SENTENCES- SV, SOBA SV.
I am short, and
she is tall. , and – shows addition, extra information
I am short, but she
is tall. , but – shows difference,
contrast
STEP 2 for compound
sentences - ; semicolon
Replace , SOBA
with ; semicolon
The dog is
sleeping, but the cat is awake. COMPOUND
The dog is
sleeping, but ; the cat is awake.
The dog is
sleeping; the cat is awake.
Canadian residents are becoming much more relaxed about
Covid transmission. They should
be aware of rising numbers. 2 SIMPLES
Canadian residents are becoming much more relaxed about
Covid transmission, but they should
be aware of rising numbers. 1 COMPOUND
Canadian residents are becoming much more relaxed about
Covid transmission, but; they should be aware of rising numbers.
Canadian residents are becoming much more relaxed about
Covid transmission; they should
be aware of rising numbers. 1 COMPOUND
Which one is
better: chocolate or strawberry?
The point is that
you should have choice when you are writing sentences.
STEP 3- highest
level for compound sentences
The really good
things about semicolons is that you can add transitional words
; however,
; therefore,
; also,
; on the other
hand,
; moreover,
HUNDREDS OF
THESE TRANSITONAL WORDS. We will learn 20 or 30.
The dog is
sleeping. The cat is awake.
The dog is
sleeping, and the cat is awake.
The dog is
sleeping; the cat is awake.
The dog is
sleeping; however, the cat is awake.
Four different
ways to write the same information.
Lots of choice!
The dog is
sleeping; however, the cat is awake.
Canadian residents are
becoming much more relaxed about Covid transmission;
nevertheless, they should be aware of rising
numbers.
‘however’ very
similar to ‘nevertheless’
The dog is
sleeping, however, the cat is awake. XXX
-a comma is not
strong enough for ‘however’
The dog is
sleeping; however, the cat is awake.
* This is good
writing, good enough for UBC.
REVIEW
SIMPLE SV,
SSV, SVV, SSVV, Imperatives, Interrogatives
COMPOUND SV,
SOBA SV. SV; SV.
SV; TRANS, SV.
COMPLEX – Main
clause + subordinate clause
3 types adverb clauses, noun clauses, adjective clauses
– adverb clauses
because when if
since- I will teach you about 25. You won’t have to learn all of them, but you
should start learning them. You probably know many of them. I will remind/teach
you how to use them.
Joan isn’t going to play
volleyball today because it is
going to rain. ADVERB CLAUSE
Because it is
going to rain, Joan isn’t
going to play volleyball today.
Please come to my
party if you are free. NO COMMA!
If you are free, please come to my party. NEED A COMMA
*comma usage
important
- noun clauses-
feeling, knowing- brain, talking
think know
understand remember believe say
that why how
Sarah
thinks that it will rain today.
Ahmed said that
he would be a little late today.
We don’t
know why she is angry today.
I know why
my dog was afraid yesterday.
The dog is
afraid/scared.
The dog is
afraid/scared of the snake.
She doesn’t know how
to fix the car.
how S V // how infinitive how to fix
e.g. I know how
to play guitar. You know how to run a business.
She knows how to fix
a bicycle.
She doesn’t know how
she can fix the car. OK, but a little bit unusual
She doesn’t know how
to fix the car. more authentic, more real
You believe that
learning English is important for newcomers to Canada.
She believes that
God is real.
- adjective
clauses – who that which
who – people
that- things,
animals
which – special things,
unique things
My
neighbours who are very young are sometimes noisy at night.
The snake that
my daughter’s friend bought is very beautiful.
Hamir lives in an
apartment that has a view of the Northshore mountains. He can
see the snow-topped peaks in the wintertime.
Mei’s gold ring which
her mother gave her is very precious to her.
COMPOUND COMPLEX
compound sentence ADD subordinate clause
It is rainy
today, but Maria will still go for a run because she has a race coming up. compound sentence complex-adverb
clause
The cat that
has white paws is asleep, and the dog is awake.
REVIEW:
Four Sentence types:
SIMPLE
COMPOUND
COMPLEX
COMPOUND/COMPLEX
These are basic
sentence styles that will allow you to write anything, to express any thought
or idea.
* Extra information
to explore:
http://facultyweb.ivcc.edu/rrambo/eng1001/sentences.htm
NEXT WEEK - Simple sentences & Compound sentences in
detail
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