EF5/6 Sentence types

subjects
predicates

main and complete subjects
main and complete predicates

pp92-93

a. imperative sentence - command sentence, tell someone to do something
"Hurry up!" - hurry (v)
"(You) hurry up!" implied subject
"Come in." (you)

"Watch out" "Be careful"
"Stand up." "Don't touch that."
You 

"Stand up, please."
"Please stand up."
polite

"Wake up." "Get up" "Turn off the light." "Answer the phone." "Put it down."
"Put your phone away."

"Believe in yourself."
"Don't worry."
"Stand up for yourself."
"Don't let anyone push you around."
"Work hard."
"Go for it."
"Give it a try."
"Just do it!"
"Come on in."
"Take care."
"Take care of yourself."
"Call me."
"Drive carefully."

b. interrogative sentence - question
"You like snowboarding."
"Do you like snowboarding?"
"She is happy."
"Is she happy?"
"Do you like singing?"
"Do you like to sing?"
like - xxxing, to xxx
"She doesn't like driving in the snow."
"She doesn't like to drive in the snow."

hate, prefer, begin, start

"Can you drive me to school?"

"Can you help me with moving?"

"Can you help me to move?"

"Can you give me a hand?"

"Give me a hand." help

"Give him a hand." help/applause

"Give him a big hand." lots of applause

Google: celebration sound Arabic women

"How long have you been here?"

"Can you help me fill out this form?"

"Can you help me to fill out this form?"

"May I..." polite

"Could you..."

"Would you..."

"What are you doing tomorrow?"

"Where are my keys?"

"Would you be able to pick up my daughter at school?"

"Would you mind picking up my daughter at school?"

"Do you mind?" if someone is being rude

"Would you mind GERUND..."

gerund XXXing

"Would you mind turning down that music?"

"Would you mind to turn down that music?" XXX

c. Here/There - never subjects

"There is your book."  subject is 'book'

"There is/are your books."

"There is your books." XXX

"Here are your keys."

"Here is your key."

"Here we go." subject we

"Here she goes." She is starting to do something that she often does.

d. infinitives to xxx

gerunds xxxing

"Skiing is fun."

"Cooking is relaxing for her."

"Learning English can be challenging."

"To ski is fun." Unusual

"To cook is a pain." UNUSUAL, but OK

"To learn English can be challenging." NOT AUTHENTIC

Answer the phone.

"It's me."

"Speaking."

"This is he." WEIRD, although grammar is perfect

e. prepositional phrases
prepostions - direction, place
in on for to under above against beside

The cat with the white paws is/are cute.
The cat with the white paws is/are cute. XXX

The cat (with the white paws) is/are cute.
prep phrase is not the subject

The old man (with the nice new bicycle) (in the park) is very healthy looking.

f. Sarah is a nurse.

Sarah and Joe are nurses.

You and your sister go for lunch and talk about your kids.

My son got up, got dressed, ate breakfast, brushed his teeth, and went to school all in five minutes.