Friday, 17 November 2023

EF5CW567 Class 4

 Good afternoon, everyone.

 

Friday- Butter Day!

He is eight and a half years old.

 

 

Today’s agenda

·      Finish overview of sentences

·      Sentence work- simple sentences

·      Continue “Prescribed Learning Outcomes” module

·      Paragraph structure- “Paragraph Format EF6”  “Introduction to Paragraphs EF45”

 

Monday

·      Test#1 paragraph about the “Prescribed Learning Outcomes”

·      Sentence work- continue simple sentences

·      Discuss structure of quiz on Tuesday

Choose vocab for quiz tomorrow

 

Tuesday

·      Return Test#1

Optional rewrite for bonus point

·      Quiz#1 - simple sentences

·      Begin compound sentences

 

Wednesday

·      Continue compound sentences

·       

 

 

 

 

3. COMPLEX SENTENCES

a. adverb clauses – because if when unless until after before although etc

We will do about 30.

 

“Sarah doesn’t want to talk to Maria because they had an argument.”

main clause adverb clause  no comma

“Because Sarah and Maria had an argument, Sarah doesn’t want to talk to her.

adverb clause  main clause comma

 

We won’t go to the beach if it rains.”

If it rains, we won’t go to the beach.”

 

She is happy, because she won the lottery. XXX no comma, small error

She is happy because she won the lottery.

 

** IMPORTANT POINT: You always need a SV. If you don’t have a SV for each clause, you will likely run into trouble. Special case: imperative

Sit down. You sit down. implied subject

 

Example: My sister lives in Vancouver, works in a store. XXX

FIX

My sister lives in Vancouver and works in a store.

My sister lives in Vancouver, and she works in a store.

My sister lives in Vancouver; she works in a store.

My sister lives in Vancouver; also, she works in a store.

 

b. noun clauses – brain, tongue

brain- think  believe  know   guess   understand   imagine  remember, etc.

tongue- say   whisper   state   yell   remind   claim   argue, etc.

 

that why how

 

Mohammed thinks that he should call his brother.” 

The little girl believes that there is a monster in her closet.”

Maria said that we need more printer paper.

Junko didn’t tell us why she quit her job.”

I don’t know how I can fix my car.

I don’t know how to fix my car.” More common- different pattern

 

c. adjective clauses – who that which

“Fatima’s neighbour, who is 86 years old, still lives on her own.”

“Marta has some nice boots that she got from a fancy store in Tokyo.”

 

-         commas around adjective clauses – complicated  

- other words less important: ‘whom’ ‘whose’ ‘where’

 

COMPOUND COMPLEX

e.g. Mei loves to eat chocolate, but Junko doesn’t like it because she is allergic to it.

I don’t want to go to the party, but you should go if you want to.

 

 

 

Overview – Over the next few weeks, I will teach these sentences styles to you in great detail. If you learn these styles, you will be able to do anything that you want in written English: school, job, life, writing.

 

SIMPLE

COMPOUND

COMPLEX

COMPOUND COMPLEX

 

If you are willing to come with me on this journey through English sentences, let’s do it! We all will learn a lot.

 

 

 

Simple Sentences

 

Four types of sentences-

simple   compound   complex   compound-complex

-foundation of all writing in English

 

 

-simple sentence- most basic form of a sentence in English

-simple but powerful, very useful

-         good choice for topic sentence in a paragraph or thesis statement in an essay

-         anything you want someone to remember

 

A simple sentence is one independent clause that has a subject and a verb and expresses a complete thought.

 

clause – a group of words with a subject and a verb, S+V

 

Most teachers says: one simple sentence – a complete idea

 

Subject and a Verb

Subject and a Predicate

 

The old dog was walking slowly around the park with a stick in her mouth. SV

The dog was walking. core SV

 

main subject – just one word, noun ‘dog’

complete subject- main subject plus andy modifers, adjectives, articles

‘the old dog’

 

verb – action word ‘was walking’

verb= simple predicate

complete predicate – verb plus everthing else

‘was walking slowly around the park with a stick in his mouth.’

 

The old dog was walking slowly around the park with a stick in her mouth.

 

EASY LEVEL The dog was walking in the park.

 

SIMPLE SENTENCE- S V, Subject + Predicate

 

I request. NOT A COMPLETE IDEA

I request a new driver’s license.

 

Notice that there are some important requirements for a simple sentence:

1. Must have a subject and a verb.

2. Must express a complete thought.

3. Must only have one clause.

4. ** Begins with a capital letter and ends with a period.

** For all sentences.

 

Examples of Simple Sentences:

1.    Joe went to the store. SV

2.    BC is experiencing severe flooding in many areas around the province. SV

3.    Sarah and Jessie are going swimming. SSV

4.    Xi and Biden met this week for high level discussions. SSV

5.    The frog jumped and landed in the pond. SVV

6.    The nurse took the patient’s blood pressure and checked his heart rate. SVV – verb tenses

7.    Keep your eyes open for bargains. NO SUBJECT- implied subject “You” Imperative

Imperative- command, tell someone to do something

 

(You) Be careful!  don’t say ‘you’, everybody understand that it is there,

implied subject – imply(v) – suggest something but not say it out loud

 

5. I went to the mall and bought a dress. SVV

I went to shop in Metrotown. XXX

I went shopping in Metrotown. gerund

I went GERUND.

Gerund- noun ‘ing’

She went skiing.

She went shopping.

He went hiking.

 

I want to go downtown. SV

 

6.The pizza smells delicious. SV

7. Here/There

There is a fly in the car with us.

There is/are two flies in the car.

‘Here’ and ‘there’ are not subjects. They always point to something else.

There is/are people on the street. subject verb agreement

There is/are a person on the street.

 

#1 error- subject verb agreement

Here is your cell phone.

Here are your keys.

 

***#1 mistake that everyone makes***

Here are your [AH1] cell phone. XXX

Here is your keys. XXX

 

Her glasses are new.

Her pair of glasses is new.

The scissors are dull.

The pair of scissors is sharp.

The students are high-level.

The class is almost ready for UBC.

 

TRICKY subject verb agreement – verbs change to match the subject

e.g. Mary live lives in Vancouver. agr

 

NOTE: At a postsecondary level, mistakes in subject verb agreement are a big deal.

 

7.    Look on top of the refrigerator for the key. “you” implied subject- imperative

8.    Please close the door. sounds more polite

9.    Close the door, please.

10.           Take the dog for a walk, please.

11.           Please take the dog for a walk.

 

Punctuation with ‘please’ – common usage, good model to follow

Please open the door.

Open the door, please.

 

 

12.           Will you help me with the math homework? Interrogative-

ask a question – flip the verb around

You are happy today.

Are you happy today? Interrogative

 

13.           I will pick you up today. verb will pick – simple future

14.           Will you pick me up today? will ... pick – still one verb, not two verbs SV

will – helping verb, modal, modal auxiliary

will go

We will go hiking tomorrow.

Will you go with us?

 

can see

You can see the fireworks from my house.

Can you see the fireworks from my house?

 

10. The music is too loud. SV

Is the music too loud.

 

Adapted from :https://www.softschools.com/examples/grammar/simple_sentence_examples/445/

 

 

Forms of simple sentences:

-SV subject verb

My dog is asleep.

The ice cream looks delicious.

Vancouver is a nice city.

 

-SSV subject subject verb

The rivers and trees are beautiful.

Your sister and mother fight all the time.

Peanut butter and bananas go well together.

 

-SVV subject verb verb

Sara swims and plays volleyball at the community centre.

Clouds come and go.

Friends come and go.

 

-Imperative – command sentence, tell somebody to do something

(You) Come in. implied subject  We don’t say ‘you’, but that’s what we mean.

Be careful, please.   Please be careful.

Watch your step, please.   Please be careful.

Watch out.

Stay safe.
Shut up!

Drop dead! – strong words for fighting, like with kids

Get out!

Sit down.

Have a cookie.

Sleep well.

Eat healthy.

Stay cool.

Sit! Stay!

Stay tuned.

Get ready.

 

You must make it to work on time. NOT IMPERATIVE

must, should, can, could, will – MODALS, MODALS AUXILIARIES

 

 

-Interrogative- question

What time is it?

Who are you talking to?

What are you doing tomorrow?

Is that your dog?

Would you like to have some tea?

Where is the book?

What’s for dinner today?

 

Extra information to explore:

-https://englishgrammarhere.com/example-sentences/50-examples-of-simple-sentences/

-https://examples.yourdictionary.com/simple-sentence-examples.html

 

ACTION/PRACTICE

Let’s take out a piece of paper and write some simple sentences from your own imagination. Please work together if you like.

SV   SSV   SVV   Imperative   Interrogative


 [AH1]agr



Introduction to Paragraphs EF5  

Paragraphs

-         collection of sentences (4,5,6,7 sentence on one topic)

-         at least 150 words, around 150-250 ww

Sweet spot

 

TRICK FOR COUNTING WORDS-

Count two lines.- average # of words per line

Count how many lines are in the paragraph

 

-         types/modes of writing:      

1.narrative writing - tell a story, you are the narrator of a story (Test#1), comfortable telling their own stories

2.descriptive writing – describes something, descriptive vocab, adj adv, five senses

3.process writing- teach how to so something, explain how something works, step-by-step

4.persuasive writing- give your opinion on a topic and give reasons why you hold that opinion, try to convince someone, persuade someone

 

VOCAB mode- a focus, a way- cell telephone “low-battery mode”

laptop “low-power mode”

“Put your phone in Airplane Mode.”

 

your focus at the moment- “I can’t talk right now. I am in work mode.”

 

*Narrative writing – You tell a short personal story about something that happened to you.

e.g.    What did you last Sunday?

Write about a funny thing that happened when you were a kid.

 

narrative(adj) narrate(v) narrator(noun-person who tells a story)

 

 

*Descriptive writing – describe something – use your five senses

five senses- sight, taste, smell, hearing, touch

senses – the ways that we connect with the outside world

e.g.    Describe a mountain.

          What did your grandmother look like?

 

*Process writing- teach, step-by-step instruction

- teach how to do something

-explain how something works                                                                            

 

*Persuasive writing – give opinion, give reasons for your opinion

Do you wear a mask while shopping in a store? YES/NO- give some reasons

Should we wear masks when we are shopping indoors?

Should marijuana be legal in Canada?

 

There will be some crossover between modes. Keep your focus on one of the modes primarily.

 

 

 

*** Writing a paragraph

Make-up of a paragraph

 

*Begin a grabber/hook – attention-getting sentence I’ll talk about it later.

 

*Write a topic sentence

Topic sentence- introduces the idea of the paragraph

                     linked directly to the writing prompt

 

e.g. Describe a mountain.

TOPIC SENTENCE         There is a beautiful mountain scene.

 

What did you last Sunday?

TOPIC SENTENCE         Last Sunday for me was a very busy day.

 

Do you like living in Canada?

TOPIC SENTENCE         I like living in Canada for three reasons.

 

The topic sentence gets right to the point.

 

Grabber

Topic sentence

Supporting sentences – details, explanation, support, example

Concluding sentence- wrap-up, ends the paragraph

(150-250 words)

 

Example questions for Monday:

Based on the PLOs, what is a strength of yours? Give examples and evidence of this strength in your life.

 

PREWRITING

STEP 1 Read and understand the question.

STEP 2 Generate some ideas to write about. 3,4,5

STEP 3 Put these ideas into an order

 

WRITING

STEP 4 Write the sentences. Write the paragraph.

STEP 5 Proofread and edit.

STEP 6 Pass in the draft. It does not have to be beautiful.

 

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