Comm11/12 "How Not to Study" sentence combining

David yawns and glances at his watch, easily suppressing a thought about the homework that is due tomorrow.

He represses a thought, and the repression is easy. XXX

, ing

She relaxed last night, watching a movie.

All evening, the television's hypnotic, flickering  eye has held him captive; now the news is about to be broadcast.

The adorable, cute baby is laughing.

The  big red dog is running. NO COMMA

COMMAS BETWEEN ADJECTIVES


Finally he can procrastinate no longer, so he heads for his room where his books are strewn across his cluttered, poorly-lit desk.

cluttered and poorly-lit desk

He desperately tries to remember the assignment, but he neglected to write it down; he then pushes the books to one side.

The radio clicks on and pumps out country-western music.

He opens a textbook and flips through its pages, his lips mouthing the tune and his foot keeping time with the insistent rhythm.

Words swim before his tired eyes.

He reads aimlessly for a few minutes, not thinking about the ideas.

A vague hunger has begun to gnaw at him.

He mumbles, "Time for a little break" to himself and heads to the kitchen.

After a half hour passes with no one at the desk, he finally returns and decides to study in bed where he can concentrate better.

He wonders where he should start with the three textbooks at his bedside; also, he wonders why school is so hard as his eyes slowly close into sleep.

EF4/5 Sentence examples

I heard about Granville Island from a friend of mine.

heard about - phrasal verb

I listened to my friend talk about Granville Island.

Granville Island has a mix of industrial and commercial properties. It has a cement factory, as well as many stores.

I like to visit a park in Vancouver. It is called QE Park.


QE , kiwi
A slang word for a New Zealander is a "kiwi".
A slang word for a English person is a "limey".
A slang word for a Canadian is a "Canuck".
A person from Vancouver is a Vancouverite.
A person from Calgary is a Calgarian.
A person from Toronto is a Torontonian.
A person from Halifax is a Haligonian.
A person from Nova Scotia is called a Bluenoser.

A person from Turkey is called a Turk.
A person from the US is a Yankee.

Iranian / Persian


Westside
the West End
West Vancouver

British Properties- very expensive houses

Most of the people who live downtown usually go skiing on Grouse Mountain.

EF4/5 Active and passive voice

English borrowed words from many languages, so we sometime have strange spellings.


I doubt it.
spelling "bt" pronounced "t"

debt

qu French

Quebec, question, query, quotation

************************

Active voice/Passive voice

"She ate a sandwich." active voice- subject is doing the verb

she ate 

"The sandwich was eaten by her." passive voice- subject is not doing the verb

passive- does nothing

passive person- does nothing, doesn't make a decision, waits for somebody else to organize things

active person- motivated, busy, doing things

Some countries prefer passive students in class.


"I sharpened the pencil." active voice
"The pencil was sharpened by me." passive voice

Past Participle

bear                     bore                     born
go                        went                     gone
have                     had                      had
meet                    met                       met
fall                       fell                       fallen
do                         did                       done
know                    knew                   known
throw                    threw                  thrown
blow                     blew                    blown
fly                        flew                      flown
grow                    grew                     grown
come                   came                     come
begin                   began                    begun
write                    wrote                    written
bite                       bit                         bitten
"You were bitten by a dog." PASSIVE VOICE
chew                    chewed                 chewed
eat                        ate                         eaten
cut                         cut                        cut
put                         put                       put
read                       read                      read
be                          was/were              been

"She wrote a book." SIMPLE PAST
"She has written a book." PRESENT PERFECT
"The book was written by her." PASSIVE VOICE




                

Comm 11/12 Sailor's Home sentence combining

1-2 The sailor stands behind the wheel and sails the ship. SIMPLE
The sailor who stands behind the wheel sails the ship. COMPLEX- ADJ

The sailor stands behind the wheel while sailing the ship.
The sailor stands behind the wheel sailing the ship.

The sailor stands behind the wheel, and he sails the ship. COMPOUND
The sailor stands behind the wheel; meanwhile, he sails the ship. COMPOUND


VARIETY OF SENTENCES

34-42
The sailor thinks of home. His large house that is made of stone has a bay window that stands on the hill surrounded by green grass that reminds him of the sea.
The sailor thinks of home, a large house that is made of stone with a bay window that stands on the hill surrounded by green grass that reminds him of the sea.


I have a sister, Kathy. APPOSITIVE
My sister, Kathy, is a nurse.
My sister, whose name is Kathy, is a nurse.

The sailor thinks of home, a large stone house with a bay window that stands on the hill surrounded by green grass that reminds him of the sea. TOP QUALITY- NICE STYLE

The sailor thinks of his large stone house on a hill which has a bay window surrounded by green grass that reminds him of the sea. WONDERFUL SENTENCE!

EF 4/5 Sentences with verb tenses

He was born in 1995, and he has three siblings.

He born in 1995. XXX

was born - passive voice

present   past       past participle
bear        bore      born

She will bear a baby. XXX
She will have a baby.
Your niece is four days past due.

do = due = dew 

He was born on July 11.
He was three days past due.
He was born three days early.
He was one month premature.
He was in an incubator for two weeks.

His parents are divorced.
He is currently a sophomore.

He likes playing basketball. He likes to go skiing.

His favourite sports are basketball and skiing. Also, his hobbies are playing on computers, listening to music, and watching TV.

Right now, he is probably studying for a biology midterm.


My friend, Sarah, just had a baby.
When?
Today!

She is expecting. When is the baby due?
What is the due date?


He passed away in 2008. Polite
He was dead in 2008. XXX
He was died in 2008. XXX
He died in 2008.
He is dead (adj).
He passed in 2008.
He bought the farm. NOT POLITE
He bought the salt. VIETNAMESE IDIOM
He hit the boats. PORTUEGESE IDIOM
He kicked the bucket. NOT POLITE
He gave up the ghost. NOT POLITE
He's six feet under.

He had nine siblings: five brothers and four sisters.

He worked in a factory.
He was a factory worker.
He never finished high school.
He worked long hours every day.

He liked playing baseball. He also played harmonica.

He never went to any foreign countries. 
He never visited any foreign countries.

Roberta Chong-Davis
hyphenated name

She will be an only child. She will have seven robot sisters.

She will have synthetic genes.

DNA

GM foods - genetically modified foods

margarine

Organic food

She will be born in 2046.

EF 4/5 Causative verbs

causative- causes something to happen
cause and effect

causative verbs

help

"Your sister helped you to finish your homework."

"I will help you to find your dog."

help causes to find- causative

HIGH FREQUENCY
help
"He helped the old woman to cross the street."
motivate
convince
encourage
force
tell
"I tell my manager to pay me my salary."
"I tell my manager to fix the window."
ask
"He asked me to buy him a coffee."
"The father asked his daughter to do her homework."
allow
MEDIUM FREQUENCY
invite
"She invited me to attend her wedding."
"She invited me to go to her her birthday party."
get?
"I will get my son to pick me up from work."
"Could I get you to close the door, please?"
LOW FREQUENCY
require
"The job requires you to work weekends."
"The law requires you to wear a seatbelt when you drive a car."
"The law requires you to wear a helmet when you ride a bicycle."
"The construction company requires you to wear steel-toed shoes or boots."

hire
"She hired a man to fix the door."
"The construction company hired a manager to be in charge of this project."

"The police charged the man with murder."

arrested- charged
handcuffs

assist
"We can assist you to buy a new house." AWK

permit
employ
compel


"I need you to work this Tuesday night."

CAUSATIVE- 

"The coach encouraged the athletes to focus on the game."
"The doctor told the man to stop smoking."
"The police asked you to stop the car and park the car on the side of the road."
"I was hired to work for a big company last month."
"Bill Gates hired me to work for Microsoft. I mow the grass."
"She always motivated her son to finish his homework independently."
"I always motivate my son to believe in himself."

Comm 11/12 sent comb Snowboy

1. Ricky heard his mother calling him in, and her voice sounded colder than the winter wind.
COMPOUND

FOUNDATIONS- SIMPLE, COMPOUND, COMPLEX

Ricky heard his mother calling him in with a voice that sounded colder than the winter wind. COMPLEX- ADJ CL

Ricky heard his mother whose voice sounded colder than the winter wind calling him in.
COMPLEX- ADJ CL
Ricky heard his mother, whose voice sounded colder than the winter wind, calling him in. STYLE

Ricky heard his mother, who her voice sounded colder than the winter wind, calling him in. XXX

2. He turned reluctantly from the frozen white walls that he had made and looked hopefully to the back door. COMPLEX - PARALLEL

3. His cheeks were red from hours of play, and his nylon suit was a shade darker form the melted snow.
COMPOUND- PARALLEL

His cheeks were red from hours of play; similarly, his nylon suit was a shade darker form the melted snow.

EF4/5 Sentence combining exercises

Sentence Combining

1.  Sarah’s mother is a teacher.

Sarah’s father is a bus driver.

They are going to take a year off.

Sarah’s mother is a teacher, and Sarah’s father is a bus driver; also, they are going to take a year off.

Sarah’s mother who is a teacher and Sarah’s father who is a bus driver are going to take a year off. ADJ CL

2.  Sarah’s parents will go.

Sarah’s two brothers will go.

Sarah will go.

They will go to Spain.

They will live there for a year.

Sarah’s parents, two brothers and she will go and live in Spain for a year.

You go to Spain.

You live in Spain.

3.  Sarah is excited and wants to go, but she will miss her friends.

Sarah is excited because she wants to go, but she will miss her friends.

Sarah is excited to go, but she will miss her friends.

4.  Sarah will go to school.

The school is in Madrid.

She will learn Spanish.

               

Sarah will go to school in Madrid to learn Spanish.

                Sarah will learn Spanish in a school which is in Madrid.

5. They will live in Madrid.

Madrid is a big city.

Madrid is a beautiful city.

They will live in Madrid which is big beautiful city.

6. Madrid has many famous buildings.

The buildings are old.

Sarah is interested in these.

Madrid has many famous old buildings, and Sarah is interested in these.

7. Sarah will return to Canada.

She will return with her stories.

She will return with many experiences.

Sarah will return to Canada with her stories and experiences.

Comm 11/12 Introvert Extravert test

http://psychologytoday.tests.psychtests.com/bin/transfer?req=MTF8MTMxMXwxMDY3MzI1N3wxfDE=&refempt=

Comm11/12 Invitations group questions

Table questions. Choose appropriate words and phrases for “”:

1.      Describe the main character- use specific adjectives.

2.      What attracts her about each of the invitations?

3.      Why does she choose as she does?

4.      How does the narrative point of view shift in the final four paragraphs of the story?

EF4/5 Simple and compound sentences

The poem was simple but deep. SIMPLE

The poem was simple, but it was deep. COMPOUND

The poem that was simple was deep. COMPLEX


words in a poem have surface meaning, deeper meaning

moon - symbol- culturally specific- 

werewolf were - man world

moon - symbol of female power

Comm 11/12 Evergreen Unit 5

Mix long and short sentences. Create a variety of lengths in your sentences.

MEDIUM MEDIUM MEDIUM MEDIUM
LONG SHORT LONG SHORT

Grammar- SIMPLE COMPOUND COMPLEX

Have a variety of styles- vary lengths of sentences.

Mix the sentence styles up. A little bit of this- a little bit of that.

Short, choppy simple sentences- not beautiful, or elegant.

The park is alive with motion today. Joggers pound up and down the boardwalk.

Joggers pound up and down the boardwalk in the park which is alive with motion today.

The park is alive with joggers pounding up and down the boardwalk today.

Old folks watch them from the benches while couples who row boats which are green and wooden across the lake.

Old folks watch them from the benches while couples row green wooden boats across the lake.

Sentence combining exercises!! Very useful for becoming comfortable building sentences. It is the best way to learn how to write sentences.


Begin a paragraph with a question. 
Grabbers- 

Exclamation points !

When should use exclamation points?

Watch out for the bear!
Shut up!

Avoid them!

LOL!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!




Vary the Beginnings of Sentences

1. Two deer moved silently across the clearing.
Silently, two deer moved across the clearing.
Across the clearing, two deer moved silently.

GRAMMAR STYLE

Making our writing beautiful.

3. Proofread your writing always.
Always proofread your writing.

4. Children of alcoholics often marry alcoholics.
Often, children of alcoholics marry alcoholics.
Children of alcoholics marry alcoholics, often. ??

oftenly XXX
often
frequently


PRACTICE 3
1. Slowly/ Carefully/ Quickly/ Gently/ Gingerly, the detective approached the ticking suitcase.
3. Quickly/ Luckily/ Happily/ Joyfully/ Joyously/ Finally, she received her cheque for $25000 from the 6/49.
4. Finally/ Sadly / Unfortunately / Fortunately / Quickly / Immediately / Heavyheartedly, he left the beach.

EF4/5 Paragraphs and business letters

left justified
right justified
centre justified
block

     For essays and paragraphs for school writing, 

we use left justified, and we double-space. Also, 

we indent our paragraphs. Then, our paragraphs

are clearer to see and easier to read.





6010 Fraser Street
Vancouver, British Columbia
V5P 2G4
Canada


70 MacDonald Street
Sydney, NS
BIR 2B9
Canada

Sydney, New South Wales
Australia


70 MacDonald Street
Sydney, Nova Scotia
BIR 2B9
CANADA

Sidney, BC



To whom it may concern:

Dear Sir or Madam: (old fashioned)

Dear Ms. Chen:

: colon

; semi colon

Dear Ms. Chen, (friendly persanal letter)

Dear Ms. Chen: (business letter)

To my dear darling sweetheart, (love letter)

Left-justifed
Single-spaced
No indenting

Single-space between paragraphs


Closing

Yours truly,
Sincerely,
Yours sincerely.
Regards,
Best regards,
Peace out,
Sup dog?
Check ya!
Boom!
Stay cool, yo.
Thank you very much,
Thank you,
Kind regards,
Can't touch this

Comm 11/12 Women in Trades

http://www.cbc.ca/radio/thesundayedition/the-not-so-beautiful-game-michael-s-essay-privatizing-prison-chaplains-dad-and-the-doorbell-essay-young-women-in-trades-documentary-preston-manning-on-democracy-life-lines-rafael-campo-inuk-printmaker-documentary-paul-rogers-on-the-eu-1.2905098/no-desk-job-for-me-young-women-in-trades-1.2905099

“No Desk Job for Me: Young Women in Trades”

Questions for discussion and writing

1.    Why are women getting into the trades?

2.    Should women work in the trades?

3.    What are some challenges faced by the women in the documentary?

4.    In what ways are women better than men in the trades?

5.    What is the significance of having 15% women in a trade? 

EF4/5 Types of paragraphs

Four types of paragraphs for this course:

narrative - tells a story

descriptive- description, describe something

process- teaches how to do something

persuasive- convince a reader to agree with you, or at least understand your opinion 

EF4/5 Paragraphs

sentence types - paragraphs - essays (EF6)

essay - multi-paragraph writing, 3 sections, 5-6 paragraphs

Communications 12 - essay (250 words - 50 minutes)

EF6 essay (250 words - 2 hours)


Paragraph - 3 components

1. Topic sentence- usually the first sentence
Example:    
      Vancouver is a very expensive city to live in.
      

       Vancouver is a city in BC. XXX

       Vancouver is a beautiful city for tourists.


2. Supporting sentences - details, examples

Vancouver is a very expensive city to live in.
1. housing - buying, renting
2. food - ??
3. transportation - cars- gas insurance

Vancouver is a city in BC. 
1. It's not in Alberta
2. It's not in the countryside
XXX

Vancouver is a beautiful city for tourists. Different seasons have different beautiful things to see.
1. City parks- Stanley Park, QE Park

1. cherry blossoms in the Spring
2. beaches in the Summer- Kitsilano Beach, Spanish Banks, Wreck Beach (nude beach by UBC)
3. leaves turning (changing colour)in the Fall
4. North Shore mountains (Seymour, Grouse, Cypress) in the Winter


3. Concluding sentence - restates, say again in different words, vocabulary, synonyms- words that have the same meaning
cinnamons

synonyms- country, nation, homeland, state 

dictionary- gives you the definition of a word

thesaurus - gives you synonyms

thesaurus.com

dictionary.com



Vancouver is a beautiful city for tourists.

beautiful- 
city-
tourists-

Comm 11/12 Parallelism

Evergreen Part C p277

parallel - two lines that never cross

_______________________
_______________________

grammar - parallel structures

Ex.
She likes dancing, swimming, and to box.
"to box" doesn't have 'ing', not a gerund, it is an infinitive
SOLUTIONS
She likes dancing, swimming, and boxing.
She likes to dance, to swim, and to box.

same word forms, same types of words, same structures

The cable runs across the roof; the north wall is where it runs down. NOT BEAUTIFUL, STYLE IS AWK

across the roof - prepositional phrase

the north wall is where it runs down
MIRROR THE STYLE
down the north wall

Parallel
across the roof
down the north wall

WHICH ONE IS NICER WRITING?
The cable runs across the roof and down the north wall. 

The cable runs across the roof; the north wall is where it runs down. 

He admires people with strong convictions and who think for themselves.

with strong convictions prepositional phrase

who think for themselves adjective clause

who have strong convictions

He admires people who have strong convictions and who think for themselves. parallel

PRACTICE 10

1 Teresa is a gifted woman- a chemist, a carpenter, and a cook/chef. 

Teresa is a gifted woman- 

dash -- (one line, not two lines)

hyphen -

Teresa is a gifted woman - some examples of that, further illustration of that point

She has three kids - two girls and a boy.

She has three kids - Carol, Mark, and Bob.

dash is informal --

; semicolon

: colon

She has three kids: two girls and a boy. FORMAL

She has three kids - two girls and a boy. CASUAL

I am taking two courses at South Hill - Math 12 and Comm 11.

3. He is an affectionate husband, a thoughtful son, and kind to his kids.

affectionate husband (adjective noun)

thoughtful son (adjective noun)

kind to his kids (adjective prep phr)

kindly father (adjective noun)

kind father

He is an affectionate husband, a thoughtful son, and a kindly father.

Dr. Tien is the kindest and most thoughtful physician I know.

kindest (adj)

has the most concern 

thoughtful /most concerned (adj)

6. Joe would rather work on a farm than spend time in an office.

Joe prefers working on a farm than spending time in an office.

EF4/5 Verb tenses

I go to school.
I was go went to school.

like liked
walk walked
eat eated ate
seek sought
fight fought
think thought

Tom working on his homework. XXX
Tom is working on his homework.

She lived in Vancouver. She was living in Vancouver.
She was talking to her sister. She talked to her sister.

present perfect
I have worked at my company for two years. (until now)

past progressive
I was working at my company for two years. (in the past)

past perfect
I had worked at my company for two years.
simple past
I worked at my company for two years.

future perfect
I will have worked at my computer for twenty years by the time I retire.
simple future
I will work at my computer for twenty years by the time I retire.

I lived in Vancouver for five years.

I lived in Vancouver five years ago.

I have lived in Vancouver for five years.

I live in Vancouver from five years ago.

I have lived in Vancouver from five years ago.

I have lived in Vancouver for five years.

present perfect

I have lived in Vancouver for six years.

present perfect progressive

I have been living in Vancouver for six years.

EF4/5 Fragments

1. Whenever you have time, I will come to your home.
We can have dinner together whenever you have time.

dinner - a little bit special
feast - a lot of food
supper

2. After the rain stopped, I went to the park.
We took the dog for a walk after the rain stopped.

6. Although the weather doesn't look good, we still go hiking on Grouse Mountain.

biking
cycling
running
walking
jogging
speedwalking

marathon - long-distance race 42k, 26 miles
half-marathon 20k
10k
5k
trail-running

cycling?
80-100k

sprinter - runs very fast

4. After her husband died, she had a big party.
She moved to another city after her husband died.

8. Since the office closes at five o'clock, we must leave now.
I can't get my wallet back since the office closes at five o'clock.

Comm11/12 Essay grabber techniques

REVIEW WRITING PROCESS

·       Evergreen Chapter 1   Part A “The Writing Process”

                                      Part B “Subject, Audience and Purpose

·       Evergreen Chapter 2   Part A “Freewriting”

                                      Part B “Brainstorming”

                                      Part C “Clustering”

                                      Part D “Asking Questions”

                                      Part E “Keeping a Journal”

·       Teach “” as part of brainstorming

·       Evergreen Chapter 3    Part A “Defining and Looking at the                                                                         Paragraph”

·       Part B “Narrowing the Topic and Writing the Topic Sentence”

·       Grabbers – easy possibilities for grabbers

          -general to specific statement

          -short anecdote, personal story

          -historical reference

          -ask a question (answered by thesis statement)

-fact or statistic

-relevant quotation by famous person

-relevant idiom from any language

·       Evergreen  Chapter 3   Part C “Generating Ideas for the Body”

                                                Part D “Selecting and Dropping Ideas”

Part E “Arranging Ideas in a Plan or a Outline”

·       Evergreen  Chapter 3   Part F “Writing and Revising the Paragraph”

·       Evergreen  Chapter 4   Part B “Coherence Through Related Sentences”

Synonyms- thesaurus, word a day, yourdictionary.com, wheel of fortune, crosswords

                                                      

·       “Checklist: The Process of Writing Basic Paragraphs”, p.c.