Monday, 29 September 2025

EF45 Class 20

 

Today’s Agenda

·      Attendance

·      Talk about First Nations

“National Day for Truth and Reconciliation”

·      Begin new kind of sentence- complex sentence

Adverb clauses

·      Dialogue “Going Shopping”

 

Tuesday

No school

National Day for Truth and Reconciliation

 

Wednesday

·      Continue complex sentences - adverb clauses

·      Begin past progressive verb tense

·      Begin descriptive paragraph

·      Continue dialogue “Going Shopping”

 

Thursday

·      Continue descriptive paragraph-pictures

Test Monday probably

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

**

“National Day for Truth and Reconciliation”

Warm-Up Questions

1.    slogan “Every Child Matters”

orange shirt

protecting every child

what children – Indigenous children

Residential schools

commemorate(v)- remember in a respectful way

mem- memory, remember , memorize

 

2.    Residential schools-

 

3.    Canada is a mosaic.

mosaic- a picture made from many small pieces of different colour tiles

Canada is a mosaic. different cultures, languages, religions, traditions living together peacefully

a multi-cultural society

 

freedom- freedom of religion, speech, belief, self-expression

 

take the children away- break culture, forget the languages, forget the traditions

 

Vocabulary

1.    reconciliation(n) reconcile(v) – make peace after a fight, forgive, come back together, at peace

The husband and wife reconciled after an argument.

-find a way to live together

2.    commemorate- to remember in a respectful way

My wife commemorates her grandmother every year. They bring food and burn paper money.

paper iphone, paper house, paper car

 

3.    residential school-

run(v)- manage

She runs the business.

government-funded- paid for by taxes

SHEC is a government-funded adult high school.

 

reservations- areas of land where First Nations were forced to live.

Many First Nations groups were nomadic. They would live in different through the year.

 

4.    fund(v)

She funds her college by working part-time.

5.    assimilate(v)- to make someone the same as everybody else

Canada is a multi-cultural country. You have to assimilate a little bit to fit into Canadian society.  -language, dress, food,

-         new freedoms, new rights

freedom of speech, freedom of religion, freedom of belief,

freedom of association,

gender-equality, LGBTQ+

neuro-diversity- autistic, mentally-challenged

The autistic man/woman did a lot of work to learn to assimilate into society.

6.    dominant(adj) –

7.    abusive(adj) abuse(n,v)

8.    possession(n)  Take care of your possessions.

9.    trauma(n) – difficult experience that stays with you mentally

VOCAB long-lasting- lasts a long time

Her childhood trauma affected her for many years.

He deals with his trauma by going to therapy.

10.                       awareness(n)- knowledge of an issue

 

Reading

Let’s take turns reading it out loud. We can talk about vocab and pronunciation.

1.national- the whole country, across Canada

provincial

municipal- just the city

September 30  thirtieth

150000

 

1-one

10-ten

100-one hundred

1000-one thousand

10000- ten thousand

10000 wan-Mandarin

1000000 one million

 

115000 one hundred fifteen thousand

150000 one hundred fifty thousand

 

15  50  fifteen   fifty

14 40

16 60

17 70

18 80

19 90  My grandmother is 90.  ninety

 

130  one hundred thirty  OR a hundred and thirty

 

“take the Indian out of the child” – break the cultures, break the traditions and languages

 

 

3.

5. survivors – people who had a really difficult but are still alive

She is a cancer survivor. She wears a pink ribbon. ?

 

Don’t worry about me. I’m tough. I’m a survivor.

VOCAB tough(adj) strong, resilient, don’t quit

 

Orange Shirt Day first began in 2013.

 

First Nations people have been telling government for generations about missing children. Some First Nations groups searched old Residential Schools using ground-penetrating radar. They found hundreds and then thousands of possible grave sites.

 

archeology- the science keeps developing

pottery, bones, mummies, etc.

 

 

 

 

**

UPDATE ON TIMELINE OF HUMAN EVOLUTION

 

https://www.cnn.com/2025/09/25/science/skull-denisovans-dragon-man-human-evolution

 

 

 

 

**

“Going Shopping”

Let’s get into buzz groups of 4-5 people.

Discuss “Warm-Up Questions” and “Vocabulary Preview”

 

 

EF23 Class 20

 

Today’s agenda

·      Attendance

·      Return Quiz3

Go over

Optional RW for a bonus point

·      Finish “Verb Tense Review 1”

·      Talk about First Nations Peoples

“National Day for Truth and Reconciliation”

 

Tuesday

NO SCHOOL

“National Day for Truth and Reconciliation”

 

Wednesday

·      Begin complex sentences- last kind of sentence

- adverb clauses- because if when after before

·      New dialogue

·      Begin new verb tense- present progressive/present continuous

e.g. She is walking down the sidewalk.

 

Thursday

·      Continue complex sentences- last kind of sentence

- adverb clauses- because if when since

          Quiz 4 soon

 

 

BEGIN NEXT WEEK Begin paragraph writing -short paragraphs

 

 

 

 

 

Quiz3 – mix of simple sentences and compound sentences

Quiz1- simple sentences

Quiz2- compound sentences

 

1. SIMPLE  SV      job

Mei’s job is very interesting.

Sarah got a new job.

 

2. SIMPLE SSV    slowly

Joe and I walk slowly in the park.

The kids and the teacher ran slowly around the track.

         

3. SIMPLE SVV   every day

Shira stretches and does yoga everyday.

Mo drops off and picks up his kids from school every day.

 

 

4. COMPOUND but      fast

SV, SOBA SV.

The turtle is slow, but the rabbit is fast.

The Lanbo is fast, but it is expensive.

The math class is fast, but it is interesting.    

 

5. COMPOUND and     friendly

Maris is friendly, and people like being around her.

The dog is friendly, and he likes to get/be patted on the head.

SIMPLIFY

The dog is friendly, and people pat her on the head.

The dog is friendly, and he likes kids.

VOCAB pat(v,n) touch a dog or a person in a gentle way

I patted my son on the back.

 

 

 

6. COMPOUND so        game

We played the game well, so we won.

We were bored, so we played a game of cards.

 

Quiz3 – Review of simple sentences and compound sentences.

 

Optional RW for a point. Pass in today or first thing Wednesday.

I’ll come around and help if you want help.

 

The boys played a game, so they won it. ww

so- reason why

 

The boys played the game well, so they won it.

 

Sarah and Michelle walked at the park. prep XXX

FIX

Sarah and Michelle walked in/around the park.

 

SIMPLE VERB TENSES

He practiced all week, and he won the game. SIMPLE PAST

I will walk to work tomorrow. SIMPLE FUTURE

She talks to her mother on the phone every day. SIMPLE PRESENT

 

SIMPLE AND COMPOUND SENTENCES

I eat breakfast and go to work. SIMPLE SVV

I eat breakfast, and I go to work. COMPOUND

 

CAP

capital letters

We have to improve writing capital letters and small letters.

shapes and sizes of letters

s S l L

 

 

**

“National Day for Truth and Reconciliation”

1.    Indigenous- people who from a land originally

Canada – First Nations, Inuit, and Metis

2.    school – Residential Schools

3.    government- the people in charge of the laws of a country

The head of the government of Canada is the Prime Minister in Ottawa.

The head of the government in BC is the Premier in Victoria.

 

Vancouver Island  Victoria Island

The city of Victoria is on Vancouver Island.

4.    church-  a place to have religious ceremonies, a place for worship, prayer

mosque-Muslim   synagogue-Jewish   temple-Buddhist, Sikh

5.    customs- the traditions of a people, the activities of a culture

It is a custom to wear a costume for Hallowe’en.

 

custom-made , custom design- specially made for you

She got a custom-made suit.

VOCAB unique- only one

She has a unique custom-made tattoo.

 

6.    teachers

7.    die – pass away

She is die died.

She dies. XXX every day

 

homonym-dye- to colour your hair

homonym- same pronunciation, different spelling and meaning

e.g. there their they’re

right write

 

8.    shirt- t-shirt   button-up shirt   polo shirt

9.    pain(n)  discomfort

His arm hurts. His arm is painful.

He has pain in his arm.

He felt a lot of pain when he fell down.

10.                       history(n)- events that happened in the past

historical(adj)

VOCAB past(n)

          passed(v)

 

 

Reading

Let’s read this out loud.

We can talk about pronunciation and vocabulary.

1.

September 30   thirtieth

October 1    first

national(adj)- the whole country

provincial- the whole province

 

reconciliation(n)

reconcile(v) to talk and make peace after an argument, to become friend again

The husband and wife reconciled after they had an argument.

They were mad, and then they got over it.

 

reconciliation(n)- First Nations Peoples were treated badly for hundreds of years in Canada. We all want to change that.

 

Many countries treat minority groups badly.

They aren’t given the same rights.

 

150 000 one hundred and fifty thousand

 

150 – one hundred and fifty, one hundred fifty

1500 – one thousand five hundred, fifteen hundred

15000 – fifteen thousand, fifteen k(casual)

15000000 – fifteen million

 

 

Map of Residential Schools in Canada:

https://www.google.com/maps/d/viewer?mid=1FQT02WuinFtAe6bgWrJm74G97uie_gA7&femb=1&ll=49.31393857722698%2C-123.03778314265185&z=12

 

 

The church ran the school.

VOCAB ran(v) – managed, organized

She runs the store. Hollie runs the school.

VSB owns SHEC. Hollie runs SHEC.

 

The government wanted to break the culture of the First Nations Peoples.

 

This was a big terrible secret. Now everybody knows.

“Every Child Matters” Orange Shirt Day

 

80000 eighty thousand

 

pain- trauma- the effects of a terrible experience

panic-attack-

anxiety-

stress-

Trauma can lead to addiction issues on some people.

coping mechanisms- alcohol, drugs, eat, run, walk, meditate, sleep

He is a stress-eater. She uses shopping as therapy.

There are healthy ways to deal with stress.

 

I’ll read the whole thing again nice and slowly.

 

reconciliation  - re con sil ee ay shun- six syllables

 

Holiday- proper nouns, capital letters Thanksgiving   New Years’ Day

stores- Starbucks, Whole Foods, Tim Hortons, Nissan Pathfinder, Nike, Adidas

We went to the Nike store.

She likes to shop at Capilano Mall.

She likes to shop at the mall.

We went to Capilano Suspension Bridge.

He crossed Lions’ Gate Bridge on his bike.

 

She read The Little Prince.

 

 

 

Friday, 26 September 2025

EF45 Class 19

 

Reg  for Nov term (Quarter 2) begins October 14.

We will do one-on-one meetings the week before about which class you should do next quarter. My recommendation will be based on quizzes, tests, spoken, etc.

 

Today’s Agenda

·      Attendance

·      “Self-Assessment Reflection” Week 4

Goal- link to PLO

·      Return Quiz2

Go over

Optional RW for one point

·      Talk about First Nations

 

Monday

·      Begin descriptive paragraph

·      Begin new kind of sentence- complex sentence

Adverb clauses

·      Talk about First Nations

·      Continue dialogue “Going Shopping”

 

Tuesday

No school

National Day for Truth and Reconciliation

 

Wednesday

·      Continue complex sentences - adverb clauses

·      Begin past progressive

·      Continue descriptive paragraph-pictures

Test Friday probably

·      Dialogue

 

 

 

 

*“Self-Assessment Reflection” Week 4

Goal- link to PLO, choose 1-2 of the PLOs\

Goal- something you want to get better at

 

ORAL -speaking

READING-

WRITING-

THINKING-

 

*Return Quiz2   RW

 

Quiz2

Write a compound sentence for each.

SV, SOBA SV.

SV; SV.

SV; TRANS, SV.

 

1.    and              speak

My boyfriend speaks French, and my sister speaks Indonesian.

2.    but              leave

She planned to stay until the end of the vacation, but she had to leave due to an emergency.

SIMPLIFY She stayed for one hour, but she left early.

The manager left, but he forgot to make the report for the company.

 

3.    also             expect

SV ; also, SV.

I expect him to call me; also, I want him to bring me my car keys.

Please give me my phone.

I studied very hard for this quiz, also, I expect to pass.

It is raining; also, it is cold.

 

It is raining; A also, it is cold.

 

 

Mary invited Alex and Frank; also, she expects Susan to go.

VOCAB expect- new vocab to learn and practice

 

I want my kids to clean their rooms; also, I expect them to do their homework.

 

4.    therefore   cry

The baby was crying all the time; therefore, her mom decided to go out for some me-time.

The baby was crying; therefore, it was hungry. change the order

The baby was hungry; therefore, it was crying.

The baby was crying; therefore, I gave him some formula.

VOCAB formula- special milk for babies that you buy

 

5.    however    cheap

My sister wants to buy a new phone; however, she can’t buy it because the phone is not cheap.

 

*Be careful of writing long sentences. You can lose control of them easily.

 

SIMPLIFY

My sister wants a new phone; however, they are not cheap.

 

My new phone was cheap; however, I am still paying for it every month.

 

6.    as a result  careful

He had an accident/crash last week; as a result, he is careful with driving now.

 

IDIOM fender bender- a minor car accident, small amount of damage

 

Pass in the RW today or first thing Monday.

Sentences so far: SIMPLE   COMPOUND

Next week: COMPLEX

 

 

Lecture notes for First Nations

 

·      Starting in May, 2021

·      Unmarked graves of First Nations children have been found on the grounds of old Residential Schools, 315 kids? in Kamloops

·      more and more suspected unmarked graves discovered across Canada

·      thousands and thousands of suspected graves found so far

-         used ground-penetrating radar

·      fear probably thousands more across Canada

 

 

 

·      Residential Schools- 150 000 First Nations kids went to residential schools over the years

over 4000 kids died, maybe 6000

 

·      Residential Schools all across Canada

https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/residential-schools-in-canada-interactive-map

·      Organized by the Canadian government, run by the Christian churches (mainly Catholic and Anglican churches), paid for by the federal government, tax dollars

·      about 150 000 First Nations kids were forcibly taken away from their families to Residential Schools from 1860s to 1990s.

Revelations- big ugly secrets in Canada

-around Kindergarten to Grade 12

·      Now we know!

·      Focus of BC new curriculum- First Nations

First Nations ways of knowing, culture, history in Canada

e.g. First Peoples 11 & 12

Very interesting area of study – good choice - First Peoples 11 and First Peoples 12

We offer these classes at South Hill – some students do both English 12 and First Peoples 12

-recognized by all postsecondary institutions

 

Times have changed- new recognition of the importance of First Nations in this land

 

Big contrast

·      My school experiences- none of the history, social studies was about First Nations

The focus was history class was on Europeans, settlers, White men in Canada

male-centred, Euro-centred

In high school

·      lots of First Nations kids in my school, segregated,

seemed normal, normalized, unstated expectation

segregation – separation of races or groups

MicMac- migmaw

·      racist attitudes towards First Nations people “Indians”

dismissive, belittling, negative stereotypes

 

** Maybe tell these stories

·      policy at my university – have to finish your degree in seven years

students/ professors –led initiative to change it to 10 yrs

 

·      racism against First Nations – BCTF AGM story

700 teachers

“equity-seeking groups” wanted representation

 

 

Orange shirt- remember little kids in the residential schools

SLOGAN “Every child matters.”

 

 

Overview – introduction

·      First Peoples -Who they are?

·      Small groups

“What do you know about First Nations people in Canada?”

Generate ideas on LCD

 

old racist word “red skin”

Sports team football  The Washington Red Skins

changed in 2020 to The Washington Commanders

hockey team on Vancouver Island Saanich Junior Braves

Victoria Admirals

my high school Riverview Redmen

name changed in 2020

 

 

 

 

 

Three groups of people constitute Indigenous Peoples in Canada, also called First Peoples. Also called Aboriginal. Native

-old word, outdated vocab Indian

1. First Nations -people in the south of Canada

2. Inuit Eskimo – people in the north of Canada

kids snack- Eskimo Pies– ice cream sandwiches

3. Métis – ‘mixed’ people who are First Nations and European ancestry

 

First Nations came into common usage in the 1980s to replace the term ‘Indians’

·      Talk about origin of the word ‘Indian’ due to geographical misunderstanding, West Indies

 

 

·      First Nations- Indigenous people in the South (below Arctic Circle). Half of all First Nations bands are in Ontario and BC.

·      Inuit are the Indigenous people who live in the North. Used to be called ‘Eskimo’- disparaging term from French Esquimaux, from Montagnais ayas̆kimew ‘person who laces a snowshoe’. Montagnais, or Innu, are the Indigenous inhabitants of an area they refer to as Nitassinan, which comprises most of the northeastern portion of the present-day province of Quebec and some eastern portions of Labrador.

Discredited etymology ‘raw fish eater’

Website: https://www.itk.ca/about-canadian-inuit/#nunangat

Show map: “Inuit Map”

Metis - French- do not pronounce the ‘s’   may-tee

-a person of mixed Indigenous and European ancestry

1600s and 1700s - Fur trading European men came to hunt animals, like beavers

In particular one of a group of such people who in the 19th century constituted the so-called Metis nation in the areas around the Red and Saskatchewan rivers. Metis comes from the French word ‘métis’, which means ‘mixed’.

·      The three groups: First Nations   Inuit   Metis

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

·      Where did these people come from?

·      First Nations creation myths/ creation stories

Every culture has a creation myth/story – legend, fiction, story, explains real life, explains natural phenomena

Greek Myth- e.g. Echo-magical creature- nymph, Narcissus- narcissist- a person who is self-absorbed

 

Every group has a creation story/myth

Bible- Garden of Eden, Adam and Eve

Koran- Quran - similar story

 

Different First Nations groups have different creation stories.

·      Read “The Beginning of the Haidi Gwaii World” on LCD

·      Talk about Raven

- prominent role in the mythologies of the Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast, including the Tsimishians, Haidas, Heiltsuks, Tlingits, Kwakwaka'wakw, Coast Salish, Koyukons, and Inuit. The raven in these indigenous peoples' mythology is the Creator of the world, but it is also considered a trickster god.

-two different raven characters:

-the creator raven, responsible for bringing the world into being and who is sometimes considered to be the individual who brought light to the darkness

-the childish raven, always selfish, sly, conniving, and hungry

 

The Beginning of the Haida Gwaii World

 

In the beginning, before the creation of the world, the earth was completely covered by a vast ocean and the sky was all grey clouds. The cloud kingdom was ruled by the great Sha-lana. Sha-lana's Chief servant was Raven.

One day Raven enraged his master and was cast out into the ocean world. He flew over the ocean for a long period of time until he became weary. Unable to find a place to rest, Raven became angry. He began to beat his wings upon the water until the water rose up and touched the clouds around him.

When the water receded back into the ocean there appeared rocks upon which Raven rested. These rocks grew and stretched across the ocean. The rocks turned into sand and after a short period of time trees began to grow on the sand. After many moons the sand had turned into beautiful islands, which we know today as the Haida Gwaii (Queen Charlotte Islands).

Raven enjoyed his kingdom, yet he became bored and lonely. He decided he needed someone to help him. So one day he gathered two large piles of clam shells upon the beach and transformed them into two human females. These two women complained saying that they should not have both been created as women. So to make them happy Raven threw limpet shells at one and turned her into a man, creating the Haida Gwaii people."

 

Clark, E., Indian Legends of Canada, McClelland and Stewart: Toronto, 1991.

https://royalbcmuseum.bc.ca/exhibits/bc-archives-time-machine/galler07/frames/oralhist.htm

 

 

·      Show pictures “Raven1” “Raven2” “Raven and the First Men”

“Spirit of Haida Gwaii” YVR (Vancouver Airport), other pictures jewelry

Haida Gwaii- Queen Charlotte Islands

 

·      Different First Nations have different stories-

e.g.Micmac, Mi'kmaq, Glooscap

 

**about 630 different First Nations in Canada- all different stories

 

 

 

**

“Going Shopping”

Let’s get into buzz groups of 4-5 people.

Discuss “Warm-Up Questions” and “Vocabulary Preview”